| Peer-Reviewed

On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes

Received: 22 January 2017     Accepted: 3 February 2017     Published: 2 March 2017
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.

Published in American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
Page(s) 6-9
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

No Singularities, Tidal Forces, Hybrid Wave Functions, Black Hole Core, High-Energy Particle Emission

References
[1] See, for example Misner, C. W., Thorne, K. S. and Wheeler, J. A., (1973), Gravitation, Freeman, San Francisco, p. 846.
[2] Neves, J. C. S. and Saa, A., (2014) Regular rotating black holes and the weak energy condition, Phys. Lett. B., 734, 44-48.
[3] Bon, E., Jovanović, P., Marziani, P., Shapovalova, A. I., Bon, N., Borka, V., Jovanović, D., Borka, D., Sulentic, J., and Popović, L. Č. (2012) The first spectroscopically resolved sub-parsec orbit of a super-massive binary black hole, Astrophys. J, 118, 759.
[4] Hawking, S. W. (1974) Black hole explosions? Nature (London) 248, 30.
[5] Phillips, L. F. (2015) Energy levels of neutrinos in a gravitational potential well, App. Phys. Research, 7 (1), 19.
[6] Wang, S. Y., and Boyanovsky, D. (2001) Enhanced photon production from quark-gluon plasma: Finite-lifetime effect, Phys. Rev. D., 63, 051702 (R).
[7] Leloudas, G., Fraser, M., Stone, N. C., et al, The superluminous transient ASASSN-15lh as a tidal disruption event from a Kerr black hole, arXiv: 1609.02927v2 [astro-ph. HE] 11 Dec 2016.
[8] Nemmen, R. S., Georganopoulos, M., Guiriec, S., Meyer, E. T., Gehrels, N., Sambruna, R. M. (2012) A universal scaling for the energetics of relativistic jets from black hole systems, Science, 338, 1445.
[9] See for example, Eyring, H., Walter, J., and Kimball, E. M. (1944) Quantum Chemistry, Wiley, New York p. 86.
[10] Aartsen, M. G. et al (the Ice Cube collaboration) (2013) First observation of PeV-energy neutrinos with Ice Cube, Phys. Rev. Lett., 111 (2), 021103.
[11] Phillips, L. F. (2015) Black holes as a source of high-energy neutrinos, App. Phys. Research, 7 (4), 1.
[12] Guth, A. H. (1993) Inflation, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 90 (11), 4871-7.
[13] Magueijo, J. (2003) Faster than the speed of light, Arrow Books, London.
[14] Hughes, S. A. (2005) 33rd SLAC Summer Institute on Particle Physics.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Leon Francis Phillips. (2017). On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics, 5(1), 6-9. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Leon Francis Phillips. On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. Am. J. Astron. Astrophys. 2017, 5(1), 6-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Leon Francis Phillips. On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes. Am J Astron Astrophys. 2017;5(1):6-9. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12,
      author = {Leon Francis Phillips},
      title = {On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes},
      journal = {American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {6-9},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaa.20170501.12},
      abstract = {Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - On Hybrid Wave Functions, Tidal Forces and Black Holes
    AU  - Leon Francis Phillips
    Y1  - 2017/03/02
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
    T2  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
    JF  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
    JO  - American Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
    SP  - 6
    EP  - 9
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-4686
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaa.20170501.12
    AB  - Interesting questions that arise in connection with the physics of black holes include the existence or non-existence of mathematical singularities in the physical universe, the rate at which an incoming particle can be observed to cross a black hole’s event horizon, the quantum mechanics of small particles inside a gravitational potential well, the rate of absorption of an incoming particle into the core of a black hole, the mechanism by which very high-energy particles can be emitted from a black hole’s potential well, and the nature of the interface between quantum mechanics and general relativity. The purpose of this Note is to suggest plausible answers to some of these questions. The discussion focuses on basic physics rather than mathematics, and quantum mechanics and general relativity are regarded as equally fundamental.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

  • Sections