Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a vital food legume globally. Low productivity, often due to suboptimal soil fertility management, is a major constraint in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effects of different phosphorus (P) fertilizer rates on faba bean growth and yield components and to identify an optimum P rate. The field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture Research Farm, Ethiopia, in 2020 during the off-season under irrigation. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications and four P fertilizer levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg P/ha). Each plot (1.6m2) contained four rows. Data on yield components were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that P application significantly (P<0.05) influenced the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight. The highest values for these parameters were recorded with the application of 150 kg P/ha. Based on these yield components, applying 150 kg P/ha appeared promising for enhancing faba bean productivity in the study area. Further investigation across different localities is recommended to provide a broader recommendation for optimum P fertilization in faba bean production.
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Faba Bean, Vicia Faba L., Phosphorus Fertilization, Yield Components, Pods per Plant, Seeds per Pod
1. Introduction
1.1. Background and Justification
The faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the world's earliest domesticated food legumes, with its center of origin suggested to be between the Oriental Mediterranean and Afghanistan
[1]
Cubero, J. I. 1973. Evolutionary trends in Vicia faba. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 43: 59-65.
[1]
. It is a diploid species (2 n=12) with various botanical varieties differentiated by seed weight and use, including var. minor and equina (mainly for animal feed) and var. major (for human nutrition)
[2]
Girm, G. (2008). [You need to find the full citation for "Girm, 2008" and "Arm 2006" mentioned in your original introduction. If these are book chapters or specific sections from larger works like Bond et al., 1985 or Duke, 1981, cite them appropriately.]
[2]
. Faba bean seeds possess a high protein content, averaging 30%
[3]
Arm, A. (2006). [Full citation needed]
[3]
, and the plant contributes to soil fertility through symbiotic nitrogen fixation, reducing the need for synthetic nitrogen inputs
[4]
Giller KE (2001). Nitrogen Fixation in Tropical Cropping systems, 2nd ed. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. 448 p.
[4]
. Globally, faba bean is extensively cultivated, particularly in North Africa and Asia [2, Query source for area statistics if different from Girm, 2008]. In Ethiopia, faba bean is a major pulse crop, covering a significant area
[5]
Sergim (2000). [Full citation needed, might be within a larger report or needs proper referencing. BPEDORS 2000 might be related or a different source for similar Ethiopian stats.]
[5]
and serving as a key protein source in rural diets and for income generation
[6]
Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia (CSA). 2012/13. Agricultural Sample Survey. Volume I: Report on Area and Production of Major Crops. Statistical Bulletin 532, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[6]
.
Despite its importance, faba bean productivity in Ethiopia (average 1.5 tons/ha
[6]
Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia (CSA). 2012/13. Agricultural Sample Survey. Volume I: Report on Area and Production of Major Crops. Statistical Bulletin 532, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[6]
) and other developing countries is often constrained by factors including low soil fertility, particularly phosphorus (P) deficiency
[7]
Getachew Agegnehu and Sommar, K. (2000). Optimization of the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer in acid fertile soil of humid tropics. Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources, 2: 63-77.
[8]
Mahler, R. L., Saxena, M. C., and Aschenbach, J. (1988). Soil fertility requirement of pea, lentil, chickpea and faba bean. In: R. J. Summerfield (Ed.), World Crops: Cool Season Food Legumes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 279-289.
[7, 8]
. Phosphorus is crucial for plant health and vigor, influencing root development, stem strength, flower formation, nitrogen-fixing capacity, crop quality, and disease resistance
[9]
[General Plant Physiology or Soils textbook, or a specific review on P functions. Your original text mentions effects of P deficiency – find a source for that. Saraf, 1983 might be relevant here or Pearson, 1975 for soil acidity aspects if P availability is linked.] Saraf, C. S., 1983, Advances in phosphorus management for rain-fed pulses. Fertilizer News, 28(9): 91-98.
[9]
. Inadequate P nutrition leads to retarded growth, poor root systems, premature leaf fall, and impaired fruit setting
[9]
[General Plant Physiology or Soils textbook, or a specific review on P functions. Your original text mentions effects of P deficiency – find a source for that. Saraf, 1983 might be relevant here or Pearson, 1975 for soil acidity aspects if P availability is linked.] Saraf, C. S., 1983, Advances in phosphorus management for rain-fed pulses. Fertilizer News, 28(9): 91-98.
[9]
. While the productivity of crops can be improved with appropriate technologies like recommended fertilizer rates, these rates vary by crop, location, and soil type
[10]
[General agronomy principle – find a suitable citation, perhaps from a fertilizer handbook or review.]
[10]
. Although research has been conducted on faba bean, the specific impact of varying P rates on its performance in the Sidamo Zone has received limited attention. Therefore, this study was initiated to address this gap.
1.2. Objectives
The specific objectives of this study were:
1. To evaluate the effect of different phosphorus fertilizer application rates on the agronomic performance and yield components of faba bean in Hawassa.
2. To determine the optimum phosphorus fertilizer rate for faba bean production under Hawassa conditions.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Description of the Study Area
The experiment was conducted at the Hawassa University, College of Agriculture Research Farm, during the 2020 off-season under irrigation. The site is located in Hawassa city, 273 km south of Addis Ababa, at 7°04'N latitude and 38°31'E longitude, with an altitude of 1670 m above sea level. The area receives an annual rainfall ranging from 900 to 1100 mm. The mean minimum and maximum annual temperatures are 12°C and 27°C, respectively. (Self-correction: Original text had 200 C, likely a typo for 12°C and 27°C as separate min/max).
2.2. Experimental Design and Treatments
The field experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Four levels of phosphorus fertilizer were used as treatments:
T1: 0 kg P/ha (Control)
T2: 50 kg P/ha
T3: 100 kg P/ha
T4: 150 kg P/ha
2.3. Experimental Procedures and Crop Management
The total experimental area was 37.4m2. Each plot was 1.6m2 (e.g., 1.6 m long x 1 m wide, or specify dimensions that give 4 rows). There were four rows per plot. The spacing between rows was 40 cm and between plants within a row was 10 cm. A 1 m space was maintained between blocks and 0.5 m between plots. The experimental field was cleaned, and the land was thoroughly prepared to achieve a fine tilth. (Author: Specify the faba bean variety used). Sowing was done as per the spacing. Irrigation was applied twice a day as needed throughout the crop cycle up to maturity. Other standard agronomic practices, such as weeding, were uniformly applied to all plots as required. Phosphorus fertilizer was applied at sowing as per the treatments
2.4. Data Collection
Data were collected from five randomly selected and tagged plants from the two central rows of each plot, excluding border plants, to avoid edge effects. The following parameters were recorded:
1. Number of pods per plant (NPP): Counted from the five sample plants at maturity and averaged.
2. Number of seeds per pod (SPP): Determined by taking a random sample of 10 pods from the harvested sample plants, counting the total seeds, and dividing by the number of pods, then averaged.
100-seed weight (g): One hundred seeds were randomly taken from the threshed produce of the sample plants from each plot and weighed using a sensitive balance. (Corrected unit to grams, assuming this is standard practice. Please verify.)
(Author: Was grain yield per plot or per hectare measured? This is a critical parameter usually included.)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
The collected data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) appropriate for an RCBD using SAS software (or specify software, e.g., R, GenStat). Treatment means were compared using the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% (α = 0.05) and/or 1% (α = 0.01) levels of significance. The coefficient of variation (CV%) was also calculated.
3. Results
The analysis of variance revealed that phosphorus fertilizer application had a statistically significant effect (P<0.05) on the number of seeds per pod (SPP), number of pods per plant (NPP), and 100-seed weight (Table 1; Appendix Tables A1-A3).
Table 1. Effect of different phosphorus fertilizer rates on yield components of faba bean. Treatment (kg P/ha) | Number of Seeds per Pod (SPP) | Number of Pods per Plant (NPP) | 100-Seed Weight (g)† |.
NO treatment
Treatments kg/ha
Number of seed per pod
Number of pod per plant
100 seed weight g
1
0
2.83c
9.1d
10.5c
2
50
2.893bc
10.4c
12.39b
3
100
2.973b
11.7b
15.03a
4
150
3.17a
12.3a
15.14a
LSD5%
0.13
0.44
0.02
CV%
2.19%
2.o35%
1.391%
Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different at P<0.05 using LSD test.
3.1. Number of Seeds Per Pod (SPP)
The number of seeds per pod was significantly influenced by P application rates (Table 1). The highest SPP (3.17) was recorded from plants that received 150 kg P/ha (T4), which was statistically superior to all other treatments. The lowest SPP (2.83) was observed in control treatment (T1, 0 kg P/ha). There was a general trend of increasing SPP with increasing P fertilizer rates.
3.2. Number of Pods Per Plant (NPP)
Different rates of P fertilizer significantly affected the number of pods per plant (Table 1). The maximum NPP (12.3) was obtained from the application of 150 kg P/ha (T4). This was significantly higher than all other treatments. The minimum NPP (9.1) was recorded in the control treatment (T1). Similar to SPP, NPP increased with each increment in P fertilizer application.
3.3. 100-seed Weight (g)
The 100-seed weight was also significantly affected by P fertilizer rates (Table 1). The highest 100-seed weight (15.14 g) was recorded for the treatment receiving 150 kg P/ha (T4), which was statistically similar to the 100 kg P/ha treatment (15.03 g) but significantly higher than the 50 kg P/ha and control treatments. The lowest 100-seed weight (10.50 g) was observed in the control plots (T1).
4. Discussion
The results of this study demonstrate that phosphorus fertilization significantly enhanced the yield components of faba bean under the experimental conditions in Hawassa. The observed increases in the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight with increasing P application rates up to 150 kg P/ha are consistent with the known roles of phosphorus in plant growth and development.
Phosphorus is vital for energy transfer (ATP), photosynthesis, respiration, and nucleic acid formation
[9]
[General Plant Physiology or Soils textbook, or a specific review on P functions. Your original text mentions effects of P deficiency – find a source for that. Saraf, 1983 might be relevant here or Pearson, 1975 for soil acidity aspects if P availability is linked.] Saraf, C. S., 1983, Advances in phosphorus management for rain-fed pulses. Fertilizer News, 28(9): 91-98.
[9]
. Adequate P nutrition promotes robust root development, which enhances nutrient and water uptake, leading to overall improved plant vigor
[7]
Getachew Agegnehu and Sommar, K. (2000). Optimization of the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer in acid fertile soil of humid tropics. Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources, 2: 63-77.
[11]
Abd Alla, A. M., 2002. Effect of bio- and mineral phosphorus fertilizers on the growth, productivity, and nutritional value of faba bean. Egypt. J. Hort., 29(2): 187-203.
[7, 11]
. This improved vigor can translate into better flower formation, pod set, and seed development, as observed in this study. The increase in NPP with P application could be attributed to enhanced branching, more flower production, and reduced flower/pod abortion due to improved P supply
[12]
El Douby, K. A. and G. A. Samia Mouhamed, 2002. Effect of tillage, phosphorus fertilization, and weed control on faba bean and estimation of the contributions of yield components. Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 80(1): 253-274.
[13]
Soheir, A. Mokhtar, 2001. Response of yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus under two levels of plant stand density. Annals Agric. Sci., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 46(1): 143-154.
[12, 13]
. Similarly, the increase in SPP and 100-seed weight suggests that P availability influenced assimilate partitioning towards developing seeds, leading to more and heavier seeds
[14]
Bond, D. A., Lawes, D. A., Hawtin, G. C., Saxena, M. C., and Stephens, J. S. 1985. Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.). p. 199-265. In: R. J. Summerfield and E. H. Roberts (eds.), Grain Legume Crops. William Collins Sons Co. Ltd., London.
[14]
.
The findings align with previous research. For instance, Salih et al.
[15]
Salih F. A., Ali A. M., and Elmubarak A. A. 1986. Effect of phosphorus application and harvest time on faba bean seed yield and quality. FABIS Newsletter, 15: 32-35.
[15]
reported positive effects of P application on faba bean seed yield and quality. Soheir
[13]
Soheir, A. Mokhtar, 2001. Response of yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus under two levels of plant stand density. Annals Agric. Sci., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 46(1): 143-154.
[13]
also found that increasing P levels enhanced yield components of faba bean. Getachew and Sommar
[7]
Getachew Agegnehu and Sommar, K. (2000). Optimization of the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer in acid fertile soil of humid tropics. Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources, 2: 63-77.
[7]
emphasized the importance of P fertilizer in acidic soils, common in parts of Ethiopia, for improving crop yields. (Author: Find more specific studies from your reference list that show similar trends for NPP, SPP, and 100-seed weight in faba bean or other legumes in response to P and cite them here. E.g., "Similar increases in pods per plant with P application were reported by [Author, Year] and [Author, Year].")
The highest values for yield components were observed at 150 kg P/ha. This suggests that under the conditions of this study (off-season, irrigated, specific soil type of the research farm), faba bean responded positively up to this P level. However, it's important to consider that soil P availability, soil type, and previous cropping history can influence the response to P fertilizer
[10]
[General agronomy principle – find a suitable citation, perhaps from a fertilizer handbook or review.]
[16]
Abou Hussien, E. A., Abou El Fadl, M. A., Radwan, S. A. and Khalil, H. 2002. Response of wheat and broad bean plants to phosphorus under different soil conditions. Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 80(1): 41-55.
[10, 16]
. The soil at the Hawassa University Research Farm might be deficient in P, leading to such a pronounced response.
5. Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1. Conclusion
This study demonstrated that phosphorus fertilizer application significantly improved key yield components of faba bean (number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight) in the Hawassa area during the off-season under irrigation. Increasing rates of P fertilizer generally led to an increase in these parameters, with the 150 kg P/ha application rate resulting in the highest values for the measured yield components.
5.2. Recommendations
Based on the results for yield components:
For faba bean production under conditions similar to this study (Hawassa area, off-season, irrigated), application of phosphorus fertilizer at a rate of 150 kg P/ha can be considered promising for enhancing yield components. (Author: This recommendation would be stronger if based on actual grain yield and an economic analysis).
It is recommended to repeat this study across different locations in the Sidamo Zone and other faba bean growing regions of Ethiopia, encompassing various soil types and rainfall conditions, to develop more comprehensive and site-specific P fertilizer recommendations.
Future research should include an economic analysis to determine the most profitable P rate for farmers.
Investigating the initial soil P status and its relationship with crop response would further refine P fertilizer recommendations.
Acknowledgments
Above all, I thank to my god adebt of praise for his presence with me in all ups and downs. Next I we would like to express my great thanks to hawassa University College of Agriculture and department of plant and horticultural science for preparing such type of learning activity. My special thanks also go to our advisor instructor Mr Melkamu Dugasa for his unreserved advice and frequent supervision in the entire work of our seiner project proposal writing.
Gobena Tsfaye: Data curation, Funding acquisition, Validation
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Appendix
Table A1. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), NSP of Faba bean.
Source of variation
DF
SS
MS
F- test with f-calculated
F –table at 5%
Block
2
0.03647
0.018235
Treatment
3
0.1896
0.0632
14.929
4.76
Error
6
0.0254
0.00423
Total
11
0.25147
0.02286
Table A2. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), NPP of titicale.
Source of variation
DF
SS
MS
F- test with f-calculated
F –table
Block
2
0.3466
0.173
Treatment
3
17.466
5.822
19.111
4.76
Error
6
0.293
0.0488
Total
11
18.10
1.646
Table A3. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) 100 seed weight of faba bean in q/ha.
Source of variation
DF
SS
MS
F- test with f-calculated
F –table
Block
2
0.0369
0.01846
Treatment
3
45.3486
15.1162
444.4
4.76
Error
6
0.2041
0.034
Total
11
45.5896
4.145
References
[1]
Cubero, J. I. 1973. Evolutionary trends in Vicia faba. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 43: 59-65.
[2]
Girm, G. (2008). [You need to find the full citation for "Girm, 2008" and "Arm 2006" mentioned in your original introduction. If these are book chapters or specific sections from larger works like Bond et al., 1985 or Duke, 1981, cite them appropriately.]
[3]
Arm, A. (2006). [Full citation needed]
[4]
Giller KE (2001). Nitrogen Fixation in Tropical Cropping systems, 2nd ed. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK. 448 p.
[5]
Sergim (2000). [Full citation needed, might be within a larger report or needs proper referencing. BPEDORS 2000 might be related or a different source for similar Ethiopian stats.]
[6]
Central Statistics Agency of Ethiopia (CSA). 2012/13. Agricultural Sample Survey. Volume I: Report on Area and Production of Major Crops. Statistical Bulletin 532, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[7]
Getachew Agegnehu and Sommar, K. (2000). Optimization of the efficiency of phosphate fertilizer in acid fertile soil of humid tropics. Ethiopian Journal of Natural Resources, 2: 63-77.
[8]
Mahler, R. L., Saxena, M. C., and Aschenbach, J. (1988). Soil fertility requirement of pea, lentil, chickpea and faba bean. In: R. J. Summerfield (Ed.), World Crops: Cool Season Food Legumes. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp. 279-289.
[9]
[General Plant Physiology or Soils textbook, or a specific review on P functions. Your original text mentions effects of P deficiency – find a source for that. Saraf, 1983 might be relevant here or Pearson, 1975 for soil acidity aspects if P availability is linked.] Saraf, C. S., 1983, Advances in phosphorus management for rain-fed pulses. Fertilizer News, 28(9): 91-98.
[10]
[General agronomy principle – find a suitable citation, perhaps from a fertilizer handbook or review.]
[11]
Abd Alla, A. M., 2002. Effect of bio- and mineral phosphorus fertilizers on the growth, productivity, and nutritional value of faba bean. Egypt. J. Hort., 29(2): 187-203.
[12]
El Douby, K. A. and G. A. Samia Mouhamed, 2002. Effect of tillage, phosphorus fertilization, and weed control on faba bean and estimation of the contributions of yield components. Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 80(1): 253-274.
[13]
Soheir, A. Mokhtar, 2001. Response of yield and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) to increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus under two levels of plant stand density. Annals Agric. Sci., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 46(1): 143-154.
[14]
Bond, D. A., Lawes, D. A., Hawtin, G. C., Saxena, M. C., and Stephens, J. S. 1985. Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.). p. 199-265. In: R. J. Summerfield and E. H. Roberts (eds.), Grain Legume Crops. William Collins Sons Co. Ltd., London.
[15]
Salih F. A., Ali A. M., and Elmubarak A. A. 1986. Effect of phosphorus application and harvest time on faba bean seed yield and quality. FABIS Newsletter, 15: 32-35.
[16]
Abou Hussien, E. A., Abou El Fadl, M. A., Radwan, S. A. and Khalil, H. 2002. Response of wheat and broad bean plants to phosphorus under different soil conditions. Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 80(1): 41-55.
Longale, A., Tesfaye, G. (2025). Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 14(4), 144-148. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
Longale, A.; Tesfaye, G. Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Agric. For. Fish.2025, 14(4), 144-148. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
Longale A, Tesfaye G. Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Agric For Fish. 2025;14(4):144-148. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
@article{10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12,
author = {Adisu Longale and Gobena Tesfaye},
title = {Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia},
journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
pages = {144-148},
doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20251404.12},
abstract = {Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a vital food legume globally. Low productivity, often due to suboptimal soil fertility management, is a major constraint in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effects of different phosphorus (P) fertilizer rates on faba bean growth and yield components and to identify an optimum P rate. The field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture Research Farm, Ethiopia, in 2020 during the off-season under irrigation. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications and four P fertilizer levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg P/ha). Each plot (1.6m2) contained four rows. Data on yield components were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that P application significantly (P<0.05) influenced the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight. The highest values for these parameters were recorded with the application of 150 kg P/ha. Based on these yield components, applying 150 kg P/ha appeared promising for enhancing faba bean productivity in the study area. Further investigation across different localities is recommended to provide a broader recommendation for optimum P fertilization in faba bean production.},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
AU - Adisu Longale
AU - Gobena Tesfaye
Y1 - 2025/07/08
PY - 2025
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
DO - 10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
T2 - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP - 144
EP - 148
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5648
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
AB - Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a vital food legume globally. Low productivity, often due to suboptimal soil fertility management, is a major constraint in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effects of different phosphorus (P) fertilizer rates on faba bean growth and yield components and to identify an optimum P rate. The field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture Research Farm, Ethiopia, in 2020 during the off-season under irrigation. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications and four P fertilizer levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg P/ha). Each plot (1.6m2) contained four rows. Data on yield components were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that P application significantly (P<0.05) influenced the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight. The highest values for these parameters were recorded with the application of 150 kg P/ha. Based on these yield components, applying 150 kg P/ha appeared promising for enhancing faba bean productivity in the study area. Further investigation across different localities is recommended to provide a broader recommendation for optimum P fertilization in faba bean production.
VL - 14
IS - 4
ER -
Longale, A., Tesfaye, G. (2025). Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 14(4), 144-148. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
Longale, A.; Tesfaye, G. Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Agric. For. Fish.2025, 14(4), 144-148. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
Longale A, Tesfaye G. Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Agric For Fish. 2025;14(4):144-148. doi: 10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
@article{10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12,
author = {Adisu Longale and Gobena Tesfaye},
title = {Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia},
journal = {Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
pages = {144-148},
doi = {10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aff.20251404.12},
abstract = {Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a vital food legume globally. Low productivity, often due to suboptimal soil fertility management, is a major constraint in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effects of different phosphorus (P) fertilizer rates on faba bean growth and yield components and to identify an optimum P rate. The field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture Research Farm, Ethiopia, in 2020 during the off-season under irrigation. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications and four P fertilizer levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg P/ha). Each plot (1.6m2) contained four rows. Data on yield components were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that P application significantly (P<0.05) influenced the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight. The highest values for these parameters were recorded with the application of 150 kg P/ha. Based on these yield components, applying 150 kg P/ha appeared promising for enhancing faba bean productivity in the study area. Further investigation across different localities is recommended to provide a broader recommendation for optimum P fertilization in faba bean production.},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Different Rates of Phosphorus Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia Faba L.) at Sidamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
AU - Adisu Longale
AU - Gobena Tesfaye
Y1 - 2025/07/08
PY - 2025
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
DO - 10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
T2 - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JF - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
JO - Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
SP - 144
EP - 148
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-5648
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aff.20251404.12
AB - Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a vital food legume globally. Low productivity, often due to suboptimal soil fertility management, is a major constraint in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the effects of different phosphorus (P) fertilizer rates on faba bean growth and yield components and to identify an optimum P rate. The field experiment was conducted at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture Research Farm, Ethiopia, in 2020 during the off-season under irrigation. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with three replications and four P fertilizer levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg P/ha). Each plot (1.6m2) contained four rows. Data on yield components were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that P application significantly (P<0.05) influenced the number of pods per plant, seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight. The highest values for these parameters were recorded with the application of 150 kg P/ha. Based on these yield components, applying 150 kg P/ha appeared promising for enhancing faba bean productivity in the study area. Further investigation across different localities is recommended to provide a broader recommendation for optimum P fertilization in faba bean production.
VL - 14
IS - 4
ER -
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