Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density

Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel; Mballa Amougou Jean Claude; Mbede Maggy; Atanwo Dongmo Lise Nita; Obono Ekamena Mariane; Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12

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Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density

Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel^*

, Mballa Amougou Jean Claude

, Mbede Maggy

, Atanwo Dongmo Lise Nita

, Obono Ekamena Mariane

, Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne

Published in Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 13, Issue 2)

Received: 22 April 2025 Accepted: 30 April 2025 Published: 29 May 2025

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Abstract

Introduction-Mandibular bone healing is a complex and crucial process in maxillofacial surgery. This study aims to explore the relevance of serum biochemical markers in monitoring mandibular bone healing in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods-An experimental study was carried out in 24 Wistar rats for three months, from February to April 2024, to demonstrate the relevance of serum biochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in monitoring mandibular bone healing. Biochemical assays were performed weekly and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were taken every two weeks. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 software, and correlation was assessed using Pearson's coefficient (r). Results-In female rats with dental extraction, alkaline phosphatase showed a strong positive correlation with dental BMD (r=1.0 at week 4), while phosphorus exhibited a perfect negative correlation (r=-1.0) at the same timepoint. In males, alkaline phosphatase and calcium demonstrated strong positive correlations with dental BMD (r=0.8 and r=0.9 respectively during week 4). In rats with symphyseal drill holes, both genders showed moderate to strong positive correlations between alkaline phosphatase/calcium and symphyseal BMD (r=0.6-0.8), with phosphorus showing variable correlations across weeks. Conclusion-Biochemical markers such as alkaline phosphatase and calcium, together with bone mineral density measurements, offer effective monitoring of bone healing and could optimize clinical protocols for patients with bone problems.

Published in	Advances in Biochemistry (Volume 13, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12
Page(s)	23-29
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mandibular Bone Healing, Serum Biochemical Markers, Surface Bone Mineral Density, Wistar Rat, Evaluation

References

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[3]	Schliephake H. Bone regeneration in the mandible. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018; 47(1): 12-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2017.03.033
[4]	Seibel MJ. Biochemical markers of bone turnover part I: theoretical concepts and clinical use. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 30(2): 63-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tem.2018.09.003
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[6]	Bouxsein ML. Bone quality: where do we go from here? Osteoporos Int. 2012; 23 Suppl 8: S11-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-011-1815-7
[7]	Morgan EF, Unnikrisnan GU, Herderick EE. Bone fracture healing: overview of cellular concepts and imaging modalities. Eur J Radiol. 2018; 98: 172-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrad.2017.10.030
[8]	Zheng LW, Zhang ZY, Yang Y, et al. The effect of calcium phosphate cement on bone regeneration in rabbit mandibular defects. J Biomater Appl. 2021; 36(3): 421-432. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885328220962915
[9]	Kim SH, Kim YS, Lee JY, et al. Effects of simvastatin on bone regeneration in rat mandibular defects. J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2020; 50(5): 308-319. https://doi.org/10.5051/jpis.2000420220
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APA Style

Daniel, N. T. F., Claude, M. A. J., Maggy, M., Nita, A. D. L., Mariane, O. E., et al. (2025). Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density. Advances in Biochemistry, 13(2), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12

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ACS Style

Daniel, N. T. F.; Claude, M. A. J.; Maggy, M.; Nita, A. D. L.; Mariane, O. E., et al. Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density. Adv. Biochem. 2025, 13(2), 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12

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AMA Style

Daniel NTF, Claude MAJ, Maggy M, Nita ADL, Mariane OE, et al. Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density. Adv Biochem. 2025;13(2):23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12,
  author = {Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel and Mballa Amougou Jean Claude and Mbede Maggy and Atanwo Dongmo Lise Nita and Obono Ekamena Mariane and Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne},
  title = {Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density
},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20251302.12},
  abstract = {Introduction-Mandibular bone healing is a complex and crucial process in maxillofacial surgery. This study aims to explore the relevance of serum biochemical markers in monitoring mandibular bone healing in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods-An experimental study was carried out in 24 Wistar rats for three months, from February to April 2024, to demonstrate the relevance of serum biochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in monitoring mandibular bone healing. Biochemical assays were performed weekly and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were taken every two weeks. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 software, and correlation was assessed using Pearson's coefficient (r). Results-In female rats with dental extraction, alkaline phosphatase showed a strong positive correlation with dental BMD (r=1.0 at week 4), while phosphorus exhibited a perfect negative correlation (r=-1.0) at the same timepoint. In males, alkaline phosphatase and calcium demonstrated strong positive correlations with dental BMD (r=0.8 and r=0.9 respectively during week 4). In rats with symphyseal drill holes, both genders showed moderate to strong positive correlations between alkaline phosphatase/calcium and symphyseal BMD (r=0.6-0.8), with phosphorus showing variable correlations across weeks. Conclusion-Biochemical markers such as alkaline phosphatase and calcium, together with bone mineral density measurements, offer effective monitoring of bone healing and could optimize clinical protocols for patients with bone problems.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density

AU  - Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel
AU  - Mballa Amougou Jean Claude
AU  - Mbede Maggy
AU  - Atanwo Dongmo Lise Nita
AU  - Obono Ekamena Mariane
AU  - Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne
Y1  - 2025/05/29
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 23
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12
AB  - Introduction-Mandibular bone healing is a complex and crucial process in maxillofacial surgery. This study aims to explore the relevance of serum biochemical markers in monitoring mandibular bone healing in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods-An experimental study was carried out in 24 Wistar rats for three months, from February to April 2024, to demonstrate the relevance of serum biochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in monitoring mandibular bone healing. Biochemical assays were performed weekly and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were taken every two weeks. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 software, and correlation was assessed using Pearson's coefficient (r). Results-In female rats with dental extraction, alkaline phosphatase showed a strong positive correlation with dental BMD (r=1.0 at week 4), while phosphorus exhibited a perfect negative correlation (r=-1.0) at the same timepoint. In males, alkaline phosphatase and calcium demonstrated strong positive correlations with dental BMD (r=0.8 and r=0.9 respectively during week 4). In rats with symphyseal drill holes, both genders showed moderate to strong positive correlations between alkaline phosphatase/calcium and symphyseal BMD (r=0.6-0.8), with phosphorus showing variable correlations across weeks. Conclusion-Biochemical markers such as alkaline phosphatase and calcium, together with bone mineral density measurements, offer effective monitoring of bone healing and could optimize clinical protocols for patients with bone problems.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel

Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0000-9101-7008
Mballa Amougou Jean Claude

Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, University Hospital Center of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5638-6884
Mbede Maggy

Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, Central Hospital, Yaounde, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5538-9699
Atanwo Dongmo Lise Nita

Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0000-6925-8681
Obono Ekamena Mariane

Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0003-3361-0956
Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1984-103X

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Daniel, N. T. F., Claude, M. A. J., Maggy, M., Nita, A. D. L., Mariane, O. E., et al. (2025). Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density. Advances in Biochemistry, 13(2), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12

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ACS Style

Daniel, N. T. F.; Claude, M. A. J.; Maggy, M.; Nita, A. D. L.; Mariane, O. E., et al. Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density. Adv. Biochem. 2025, 13(2), 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12

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AMA Style

Daniel NTF, Claude MAJ, Maggy M, Nita ADL, Mariane OE, et al. Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density. Adv Biochem. 2025;13(2):23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12,
  author = {Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel and Mballa Amougou Jean Claude and Mbede Maggy and Atanwo Dongmo Lise Nita and Obono Ekamena Mariane and Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne},
  title = {Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density
},
  journal = {Advances in Biochemistry},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {23-29},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ab.20251302.12},
  abstract = {Introduction-Mandibular bone healing is a complex and crucial process in maxillofacial surgery. This study aims to explore the relevance of serum biochemical markers in monitoring mandibular bone healing in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods-An experimental study was carried out in 24 Wistar rats for three months, from February to April 2024, to demonstrate the relevance of serum biochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in monitoring mandibular bone healing. Biochemical assays were performed weekly and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were taken every two weeks. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 software, and correlation was assessed using Pearson's coefficient (r). Results-In female rats with dental extraction, alkaline phosphatase showed a strong positive correlation with dental BMD (r=1.0 at week 4), while phosphorus exhibited a perfect negative correlation (r=-1.0) at the same timepoint. In males, alkaline phosphatase and calcium demonstrated strong positive correlations with dental BMD (r=0.8 and r=0.9 respectively during week 4). In rats with symphyseal drill holes, both genders showed moderate to strong positive correlations between alkaline phosphatase/calcium and symphyseal BMD (r=0.6-0.8), with phosphorus showing variable correlations across weeks. Conclusion-Biochemical markers such as alkaline phosphatase and calcium, together with bone mineral density measurements, offer effective monitoring of bone healing and could optimize clinical protocols for patients with bone problems.
},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Healing in Wistar Rat: Relevance of Serum Biochemical Markers and Surface Bone Mineral Density

AU  - Nkolo Tolo Francis Daniel
AU  - Mballa Amougou Jean Claude
AU  - Mbede Maggy
AU  - Atanwo Dongmo Lise Nita
AU  - Obono Ekamena Mariane
AU  - Ama Moor Vicky Jocelyne
Y1  - 2025/05/29
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12
T2  - Advances in Biochemistry
JF  - Advances in Biochemistry
JO  - Advances in Biochemistry
SP  - 23
EP  - 29
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ab.20251302.12
AB  - Introduction-Mandibular bone healing is a complex and crucial process in maxillofacial surgery. This study aims to explore the relevance of serum biochemical markers in monitoring mandibular bone healing in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods-An experimental study was carried out in 24 Wistar rats for three months, from February to April 2024, to demonstrate the relevance of serum biochemical markers (alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus) in monitoring mandibular bone healing. Biochemical assays were performed weekly and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were taken every two weeks. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 software, and correlation was assessed using Pearson's coefficient (r). Results-In female rats with dental extraction, alkaline phosphatase showed a strong positive correlation with dental BMD (r=1.0 at week 4), while phosphorus exhibited a perfect negative correlation (r=-1.0) at the same timepoint. In males, alkaline phosphatase and calcium demonstrated strong positive correlations with dental BMD (r=0.8 and r=0.9 respectively during week 4). In rats with symphyseal drill holes, both genders showed moderate to strong positive correlations between alkaline phosphatase/calcium and symphyseal BMD (r=0.6-0.8), with phosphorus showing variable correlations across weeks. Conclusion-Biochemical markers such as alkaline phosphatase and calcium, together with bone mineral density measurements, offer effective monitoring of bone healing and could optimize clinical protocols for patients with bone problems.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

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