The discharge of synthetic dyes such as Chrysoidine Y and Malachite Green into aquatic ecosystems poses significant environmental and health hazards due to their toxicity, persistence, and non-biodegradability. Researchers have adopted different technologies to remediate wastewater, among which adsorption has gained much importance. In pursuit of eco-friendly and cost-effective wastewater treatment strategies, this study explores the potential of Raw Saccharum munja, an abundantly available lignocellulosic biomass, as a biosorbent for the removal of these hazardous dyes. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of operational parameters such as pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent dosage on the removal efficiency. Further, the kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics of the adsorption process were evaluated with the help of various models. Moreover, the synergistic or antagonistic interactions of dyes was studied in binary system using modified Langmuir Isotherm model. Regeneration studies confirmed the reusability of the biosorbent with minimal loss in efficiency over multiple cycles. These findings highlight Saccharum munja as a sustainable, low-cost, and efficient biosorbent for dye removal from wastewater, offering a promising solution for environmental remediation in textile and dyeing industries.

Malachite Green, Saccharum munja, Wastewater Treatment, Adsorption, Regeneration