Patiala, a historic city known for its rich heritage, has been undergoing rapid land use and land cover (LULC) changes due to urban expansion, economic growth, and increasing population pressure. This transformation has brought both oppor-tunities and challenges for its residents. Using remote sensing and GIS, this study analyzes how built-up areas have ex-panded, replacing agricultural land, water bodies, and green spaces over time. As the city grows, so do its struggles-traffic congestion, waterlogging, deteriorating air quality, and an increasing strain on essential infrastructure. The shrinking green cover has also intensified the urban heat island effect, making summers harsher for residents. Understanding these shifts is crucial for crafting thoughtful urban policies that balance development with environmental sustainability. This study provides insights to help planners and policymakers create a more livable, resilient, and sustainable future for Patiala.

Land Use Change, Urban Growth, Remote Sensing, GIS, Patiala, Environmental Challenges, Sustainable Urban Planning