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Asymptomatic Uropathogenic Bacteriuria Among Pregnant and Non-pregnant Women at St Luke’s Hospital Anua, Offot Ukwa District Uyo: A Reassessment Case-Control Approach
Nseobong Godwin Akpan,
Anthony John Umoyen,
Thomas Tentishe Luka,
Ifeanyi Abraham Onwuezobe,
Ukponobong Effiong Antia,
Abraham Solomon Okon
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2019
Pages:
1-10
Received:
16 January 2019
Accepted:
19 February 2019
Published:
18 March 2019
Abstract: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the presence of multiplying bacteria in the absence of any symptoms. The relevance of ASB lies in the insight it provides into symptomatic infections. Physiological and anatomical alterations during pregnancy make women more predisposed to urinary tract infection. This study seeks to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and bacteria profile among pregnant and non-pregnant women. A total of 230 pregnant women and 100 age-matched non-pregnant women were recruited. All pregnant women were recruited from individuals attending antenatal clinic and the controls recruited within the same hospital. Clean catch mid-stream urines ample was collected and microbial analysis done immediately. Significant ASB was identified and antibiotic sensitivity determined by conventional protocols. The overall prevalence of ASB in this study was 29.1% and 15% among pregnant and non-pregnant women respectively. The mean age was 25.3±5.2 and 24.2±5.6years for pregnant and non-pregnant women. Based on their parity among pregnant women, 112 (48.7%), 61(26.5%) and 57 (24.8%) were nulliparous, monoparous and multiparous respectively. Also, 37(16.1%), 70(30.4%) and 123(53.5%) of the pregnant women were in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester. Sixty-seven (29.1%), 125 (54.3%) and 37 (16.1%) pregnant subjects were housewives, self-employed and civil servants in their occupation. Trimester was a risk factor for asymptomatic bacteriuria in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. There was association between age, parity, trimester and ASB. The most common isolate in this study was Escherichia coli (28.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (23.9%). The Escherichia coli and other uropathogens isolates were multiple drug sensitive between 50-100%. Previous bacteriuria treatment seeking pattern among the pregnant women was 138(60%), 42(18.3%), 32(13.9%) and 1(0.4%) for individuals who had sought treatments in hospitals, patent drug dealers (chemists), multi-centres and traditionally respectively. It is recommended that routine urine culture screening be conducted for all pregnant women at least in the second and third trimesters and positive ASB promptly treated.
Abstract: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the presence of multiplying bacteria in the absence of any symptoms. The relevance of ASB lies in the insight it provides into symptomatic infections. Physiological and anatomical alterations during pregnancy make women more predisposed to urinary tract infection. This study seeks to determine the prevalence, risk factor...
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Effect of Vitamin D deficiency on Lipid Profile
Nabil Ahmad Bashir,
Adnan Ahmad Mohammad Bashir,
Hani Adnan Bashir
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2019
Pages:
11-18
Received:
12 December 2018
Accepted:
27 December 2018
Published:
25 March 2019
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin D deficiency on lipid parameters; cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). Serum level of vitamin D and the lipid parameters were determined in 127 subjects attending private community lab in eastern Amman province, using commercially available kits. Deficiency and insufficiency of vitamin D were 36.2%, 29.9%, respectively. Serum level of cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL in deficient and insufficient vitamin D subjects were significantly increased, while HDL level was decreased, P-value <0.05. Serum levels of lipid profile and vitamin D in each of the control, insufficient , and deficient groups were all normally distributed due to the fact that P-value is greater than 0.05. Interval plot analysis and One-way ANOVA analysis revealed a significant effect of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency on serum level of cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL and increases the levels more than the double. Two samples T-test for every lipid parameter analysis related to subjects in the sufficient, insufficient and deficient vitamin D groups confirm our hypothesis on the effect of vitamin D deficiency on increasing the levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL and decreasing the level of HDL.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of vitamin D deficiency on lipid parameters; cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). Serum level of vitamin D and the lipid parameters were determined in 127 subjects attending private community lab in eastern Amman province, using commerci...
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Hematological Malignancies: Epidemiological, Clinical, Biological, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects
Mouhib Hanane,
Zahir Hanane,
Mouayche Ikhlas,
Yahyaoui Hicham,
Ait Ameur Mustapha,
Chakour Mohammed
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2019
Pages:
19-23
Received:
10 February 2019
Accepted:
12 March 2019
Published:
13 April 2019
Abstract: Hematological malignancies are diseases, which include all cancers of blood and lymphoid organs. They result from a proliferation of mature blood cells or immature blood cells. However, in all cases, these blood cells escape the normal regulation. This work aims to determine the types and frequencies of diagnosed malignancies. It’s supported by the clinical hematological department of the Military Hospital Avicenna in Marrakech. We conducted a retrospective study over a period of 4 years from January, 1st 2012 to December, 31st 2015. We used an operating record, which includes epidemiological, clinical, biological, therapeutic and evolutionary criteria. During this period, we found that 70 cases were diagnosed and treated in the clinical hematological department of the HMA. We recorded 26 cases of multiple myeloma (37%), 23 cases of leukemia (33%), 19 cases of lymphoma (including 15 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (21.4%) and 4 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma 5.7 %), 1 case of myelodysplastic syndrome (1.4%) and 1 case of polycythemia vera (1.4%). This work allowed us to note a significant increase in malignancies in this study. Hence the importance of raising the awareness of health professionals and raising awareness on a larger scale of the general population to improve the time of care and indirectly improve the prognosis of these diseases.
Abstract: Hematological malignancies are diseases, which include all cancers of blood and lymphoid organs. They result from a proliferation of mature blood cells or immature blood cells. However, in all cases, these blood cells escape the normal regulation. This work aims to determine the types and frequencies of diagnosed malignancies. It’s supported by the...
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Serum Uric Acid and Plasma Glucose Levels in Normal Pregnancy
Agbecha Ayu,
Anwana Ubong Isaac
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2019
Pages:
24-30
Received:
3 February 2019
Accepted:
7 March 2019
Published:
18 April 2019
Abstract: There are existing reports of an association of uric acid with glucose metabolism and their impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hyperuricemia is linked to glucose homeostasis and basically to all components of the metabolic syndrome in the general population. Based on this premise, our study aimed at determining the level of serum uric acid and plasma glucose in second and third-trimester normal pregnancies with a view of establishing cut off values in Makurdi, Nigeria. The hospital-based case-control study involved a total of 103 participants aged 18-35 years attending the antenatal and the general health check up clinics. The participants comprised of 81 normal pregnant females in their second and third trimesters compared with 22 non pregnant controls. Their fasting plasma glucose and serum uric acid levels were compared among age-matched non-pregnant women (n=22), second (n=38), and third (n=43) trimester pregnancies. Serum uric acid level in second (5.89±0.85mg/dl) and third (6.23±1.30mg/dl) trimester pregnancies were significantly (p=0.000) higher than the non-pregnant controls (3.80±1.11mg/dl). A significant (p<0.01) increase in plasma glucose was observed in third-trimester pregnancies (5.19±0.64mmol/l) compared to second-trimester pregnancies (4.87±0.79mmol/l) and controls (4.65±0.51mmol/l). The study provided cut-off values for uric acid, glucose, and further points the need for prenatal care in terms of screening and diagnosis of pregnancy complications in all pregnant women including those considered at low risk.
Abstract: There are existing reports of an association of uric acid with glucose metabolism and their impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes. Hyperuricemia is linked to glucose homeostasis and basically to all components of the metabolic syndrome in the general population. Based on this premise, our study aimed at determining the level of serum uric acid and p...
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