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Evaluation of Some Technological Treatments on Juice Quality of Both Sugar Cane and Sweet Sorghum as Fresh Bever or Raw Material for Syrup (Black Honey) Production
Rokaia Ramadan Abdelsalam,
Waled Mohamed Abdel-Aleem,
Hussein Ferweez
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
95-103
Received:
8 May 2020
Accepted:
27 May 2020
Published:
17 July 2020
Abstract: The juice of either sugarcane (CJ) or sweet sorghum (SJ) is used as a raw material for the production of syrup (black honey). So far, no quality standards are reported for sugarcane juice or sweet sorghum as a fresh drink or raw material for the production of syrup. Therefore, this research was designed to study the quality of juice for each of them by replacing the sugarcane juice with sweet sorghum juice in proportions (25, 50 and 75%). The physic-chemical properties represented in TSS, pH, percentage of purity as their highest values in sugarcane juice (A1) and the lowest values for them in sweet sorghum juice (A5), while the highest degree of color unit was recorded in sweet sorghum juice (A5) and the lowest value for color unit in sugarcane juice (A1). Significant differences were found in the physical, chemical and sensory properties as a result of the different treatments with increase of replacement percentage. The reducing sugars, acidity, protein and color values were increased, while the decrement were found in TSS, percentage of purity, total sugars, fats, ash, and minerals (potassium-sodium-calcium-magnesium-iron). Citric acid (B3) treatment resulted in obtaining a light-colored juice with a higher content of reducing sugars compared with the other treatments, and the pre-heating (B2) to 80±0.5°C was improved the sensory properties and general acceptance. It could be concluded that the replacing rate of 25% (A2) with the pre-heating (B2) recorded the best sensory properties and is recommended for the production of canned juice or could be used as a raw material for the production of honey with a subsequent study of its production as a natural energy drink characterized for its long preservation period.
Abstract: The juice of either sugarcane (CJ) or sweet sorghum (SJ) is used as a raw material for the production of syrup (black honey). So far, no quality standards are reported for sugarcane juice or sweet sorghum as a fresh drink or raw material for the production of syrup. Therefore, this research was designed to study the quality of juice for each of the...
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Toxicological Effects of Sudan III Azo Dye in Palm Oil on Liver Enzyme and Non Enzyme Markers of Albino Rat
Nwachoko Ndidi,
Odinga Tamuno-boma,
Akuru Udiomine Brantley,
Ibanibo Tamunomiebam Emmanuel
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
104-111
Received:
16 June 2020
Accepted:
1 July 2020
Published:
30 July 2020
Abstract: The economic and nutritional value of palm oil has made its utilization to be on the increase especially in Nigeria, thereby making it expensive, hence the temptation to adulterate it by bulk buyers with the wrong assertion of retaining the quality. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the effect of adulterated palm oil on the activity of liver enzymes and non-liver enzymes markers of albino rats. Twenty rats divided into five groups of four rats each were used for this investigation for fourteen (14) days. At the end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Biochemical indices of liver enzymes makers and non-liver markers were determined. Liver enzymes ALP and ALT concentrations showed significant increase (p<0.05) when compared with group 1 and 2, also non-liver markers albumin, conjugated and total bilirubin showed significant increase (p<0.05) when compared to group 1 and 2. Histopathological examination showed mild inflammation of the liver for group 3, while histological features for groups (4 & 5) administered with higher dosage showed intense periportal and intraparenchymal inflammations. A compromise in liver function in rats administered with adulterated palm oil was observed.
Abstract: The economic and nutritional value of palm oil has made its utilization to be on the increase especially in Nigeria, thereby making it expensive, hence the temptation to adulterate it by bulk buyers with the wrong assertion of retaining the quality. This study was therefore undertaken to evaluate the effect of adulterated palm oil on the activity o...
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Proximate, Elemental and Anti-nutrients Composition of Pumpkin Seed (cucurbita maxima duch ex lam) Obtained from Duvu Mubi South Adamawa State, Nigeria
Ezekiel Tagwi Williams,
Mohammed Abubakar,
Nachana’a Timothy
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
112-117
Received:
3 July 2020
Accepted:
15 July 2020
Published:
30 July 2020
Abstract: In this study the proximate composition, elemental and anti-nutrients composition of pumpkin seed (cucurbita maxima duch ex lam) obtained from Duvu were determined using standard methods. The proximate composition of pumpkin seed showed protein (5.63 ± 0.01%), fats/lipids (2.65± 0.00%), fibre (49.83± 0.01%), ash (2.50± 0.00%), moisture (9.00 ± 0.00%) and carbohydrate (26.46±0.02%) for peels only while protein (35.46 ± 0.01%), fats/lipids (2.20 ± 0.00%), fibre (17.63± 0.01%) ash (4.49± 0.01%), moisture (10.5 ± 0.00%) and carbohydrate (6.08 ± 0.02%) for the unpeeled seeds flour, and protein (33.80 ± 0.01%), fats/lipds (43.15±0.00%), fibre (1.86±0.01%), ash (5.23±0.01%), moisture (10.30 ±0.00%) and carbohydrate (5.65 ±0.03%) for the peeled seed kernel flour. The elemental analysis carried out showed Ca (42.16± 0.01 mg/100 g), Fe (2.72±0.01 mg/100 g), P (124.14 ±0.02mg/100 g), K (177.34 ±0.02mg/100g), Na (41.35 ±0.01mg/100g), Mg (64.84 ±0.02mg/100 g) and Zn (8.42 ±0.01mg/100 g) for the peels only and that of unpeeled seed flour showed Ca (128.67 ±0.02mg/100 g), Fe (10.49 ±0.02mg/100 g), P (875.63 ±0.01mg/100 g), K (511.43 ±0.01mg/100 g), Na (68.26 ±0.02 mg/100 g), Mg (284.54 ±0.01mg/100 g) and Zn (6.44 ±0.02mg/10 g) while Ca (145.30±0.02 mg/100 g), Fe (13.59 ±0.01mg/100 g), P (124.35 ± 0.00 mg/100 g), K (752.64 ±0.02mg/100 g), Na (51.23 ± 0.01mg/100 g), Mg (351.63 ±0.01mg/100 g) and Zn (1.76 ± 0.01mg/100 g) for the peeled seed kernel. The anti-nutrient analysis showed tannin (2.15 ± 0.01%), cyanide (0.026 ± 0.00%), phytate (6.26 ± 0.01%) and oxalate (3.74 ± 0.02%) for the peels only while tannin (3.14 ±0.02%), cyanide (0.062±0.00%), phytate (4.54 ± 0.02%) and oxalate (2.92 ±0.01%) for the unpeeled seed and tannin (0.86 ± 0.01%), phytate (0.86±0.01%) and oxalate (1.96 ± 0.01%) for the peeled seed kernel while cyanide was not detected. The fats, protein and fibre were higher in the sample while moisture, ash and carbohydrate were low. Phosphorus, K and Ca showed higher concentration with Zn been the least in all the samples. Peeled seed kernel showed higher concentration of Ca, Fe, P, K and Mg in all the samples. Unpeeled seed showed higher concentration of phytate than in the peels and peeled seed kernel. The result of this research will be useful in nutritional, pharmaceutical and oil industry.
Abstract: In this study the proximate composition, elemental and anti-nutrients composition of pumpkin seed (cucurbita maxima duch ex lam) obtained from Duvu were determined using standard methods. The proximate composition of pumpkin seed showed protein (5.63 ± 0.01%), fats/lipids (2.65± 0.00%), fibre (49.83± 0.01%), ash (2.50± 0.00%), moisture (9.00 ± 0.00...
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Health Benefits of Fish Consumption and Its Contribution to Poverty Alleviation and Food Security in Ethiopia: A Review
Tamiru Yazew,
Diribe Kumsa,
Agama Daba
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 4, July 2020
Pages:
118-124
Received:
3 August 2020
Accepted:
14 August 2020
Published:
25 August 2020
Abstract: Food insecurity and malnutrition remains a public health threat in developing countries including Ethiopia, as millions of people continue to suffer from these problems. Therefore, fish consumption is one of the most important sources of micro and macronutrients for human health and overcome food insecurity and malnutrition problems. Ethiopia is endowed with lakes, reservoirs and rivers, which could be the potential resources for fisheries production and consumption. However, their exploitation and contribution to food security and poverty alleviation in the country was scarce. Therefore, this review was designed to provide the current information concerning the health benefits of fish consumption and its contribution to poverty alleviation and food security issues in Ethiopia. Peer-reviewed articles, gray literature, key reports from national and international organizations, research findings in developed and developing countries were used to collect information for this work. Fish is a source of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals and vitamins, which could prevent non-communicable diseases. However, access to road infrastructure, pond management level, water sources, fish feed status, location of ponds and consumption habits were factors affecting fish production and consumption. Other factors which could affect fish production were climate change and variability, low fish supply, lack of awareness, lack of support, lack of facilities, low profit, and distance from market place. Therefore, a strategic partnership and collaboration of all responsible bodies should determine the long term impacts of fisheries production and consumption patterns on the poverty alleviation, food and nutrition security in the country.
Abstract: Food insecurity and malnutrition remains a public health threat in developing countries including Ethiopia, as millions of people continue to suffer from these problems. Therefore, fish consumption is one of the most important sources of micro and macronutrients for human health and overcome food insecurity and malnutrition problems. Ethiopia is en...
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