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Study on Calculation Method of Parameters in Molecular Calculation Model by Pseudo Chemical Potential Method
Jon Yung,
Yun Hak Sung,
Kim Gonu,
Ha Gum Chol,
Choi Sung Il,
Chang Gum Ryong,
Kim Guk Chol,
Yun Ju Gwang,
Kim Tong Il
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
43-50
Received:
6 March 2023
Accepted:
5 May 2023
Published:
5 June 2023
Abstract: There are some parameters in the molecular calculationmodel of the pseudo chemical potential (PCP) method that is a new method that thermodynamic formalization is applied in molecular calculation. These parameters were introduced for decreasing errors caused by hypotheses and approximations during theoretical derivation of calculationmodel and up to now the method for obtaining the parameters was not presented. In this paper, we are going to discuss the determining method of parameters introduced to obtain more correct calculation results. The determining method of these parameters have characters of two categories. One of them is determined by calculating on the basis of ionization energy and electron affinity, and the other is estimated by solving normal equation that makes square of difference of calculation values by ab initio method and PCP method into minimum. In this paper, correctness and reliability of the parameters determined was estimated. By investigating the correlation between the PCP and electronegativity, physical meaning of PCP as the scale of mass migration was confirmed and from this result, the reliability of parameter γα was shown. And by inverse calculation of determining equation of interaction parameter kαβ, the correctness of kαβ was confirmed. Like this, it was shown that the parameters determined can be used enough to PCP method for calculating molecular energy and atomic charge.
Abstract: There are some parameters in the molecular calculationmodel of the pseudo chemical potential (PCP) method that is a new method that thermodynamic formalization is applied in molecular calculation. These parameters were introduced for decreasing errors caused by hypotheses and approximations during theoretical derivation of calculationmodel and up t...
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The Role of Participatory Watershed Management Practice to Ensure Food Security: Case Study in Chenetaly Watershed, Guagusa Shikudad Woreda
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
51-63
Received:
11 November 2022
Accepted:
27 February 2023
Published:
5 June 2023
Abstract: Degradation of natural resources coupled with high rate of population growth and food insecurity are major development problems. The rapid global population growth and increasing impacts of climate change have resulted water and food shortage. Successful management of healthy landscapes helps to protect the balance between the carrying capacity, water utilization and quality, soil health and biodiversity and improve food security. The objective of this study was to investigate the contribution of SLMP initiated watershed management practices for food security in Chenetaly Watershed. The study has focused on the assessment of outcomes of WM intervention in terms of food production (availability) and access to food indicators household levels. The general objective of this study was to analyze participatory watershed management practice and its role on food security among the rural community in Chenetaly Watershed, which is located in Guagusa Shikudad Woreda, Amhara National Regional State he results showed that Chenetaly watershed was severely degraded due to inappropriate cultivation, over grazing, gully formation and deforestation factors before the introduction of watershed management practices. Due to the presence of high watershed degradation, the agricultural productivity of this area was very low and about 60% of the sample households did not able to cover their annual food demand from their own production. To overcome this problem, watershed management program was introduced in Chenetaly Watershed and many physical and biological conservation measures were implemented to reduce soil erosion, rehabilitate gully formation and decrease loss of soil fertility. The results of this study confirmed that the introduction of watershed management has brought some important changes in local ecosystem. Some of the major ecological changes include decrease in soil erosion, increase soil fertility and agricultural productivity, increase forest cover and firewood availability; increase the availability of grass and other livestock fodder. The food security outcomes of watershed management intervention achieved through improved crop and livestock’s productivities diversify sources of incomes, increases availability of food and increase food access. It is concluded that watershed management can play significant role to improve ecology and food security condition of the local people. The result of this study indicated that effective watershed management intervention has been undertaken in Chenetaly Watershed such best practices should extend to neighboring watersheds.
Abstract: Degradation of natural resources coupled with high rate of population growth and food insecurity are major development problems. The rapid global population growth and increasing impacts of climate change have resulted water and food shortage. Successful management of healthy landscapes helps to protect the balance between the carrying capacity, wa...
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Determination of Appropriate Furrow Length and Flow Rate for Furrow Irrigation Practice Under Semi-Arid Climate Condition at Middle Awash, Ethiopia
Fikadu Robi,
Jemal Mohammed,
Kebede Nanesa,
Nigussie Abebe,
Tesema Mitiku,
Wondimu Tolcha,
Melese Mulu
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
64-71
Received:
2 June 2022
Accepted:
4 July 2022
Published:
9 June 2023
Abstract: This article explains how to determine appropriate furrow length and flow rate for furrow irrigation system that is accurate and simple to use in semi-arid climates with clay soils. The experiment was carried out from April to November 2019 and April to November 2021. Cotton was grown in Middle Awash, werer, Ethiopia, thus field tests were conducted there. According to the analysis of variance, flow rate had a significant impact on crop water productivity (p ≤ 0.01). Furrow length had a significant (P≤ 0.05) impact on crop water productivity. The combine analysis of flow rate shows that had a significant (P≤0.05) effect on water productivity of cotton. The yield and water productivity were significantly affected by the interaction of the two elements. Furrow length of 50 m combined with (1.2 lit/sec) flow rate for 35.6 minutes produced the highest water application efficiency (65.0%), water productivity (1.37 kg/m3), and lint yield (6.86 ton/ha). The lowest water application efficiency (38.3%), with flow rate (1.6 lit/sec) for 9.75 minutes, and water productivity (0.85 kg/m3) were achieved from 10 m furrow length. The result concludes that as the furrow length increases the water productivity increases this in turn increase the yield of cotton and decreases water loss.
Abstract: This article explains how to determine appropriate furrow length and flow rate for furrow irrigation system that is accurate and simple to use in semi-arid climates with clay soils. The experiment was carried out from April to November 2019 and April to November 2021. Cotton was grown in Middle Awash, werer, Ethiopia, thus field tests were conducte...
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A Novel Approach of Performance Measurement of Shipbuilding Supply Chain by AHP-FCE Model
Yongjun Wu,
Niansheng Chu,
Jiang Xu,
Jianyang Guo
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
72-79
Received:
20 May 2023
Accepted:
6 June 2023
Published:
20 June 2023
Abstract: As an ETO industry of shipbuilding, supply chain management is very important in a shipyard. Based on the analysis of shipbuilding production mode, the characteristics of shipbuilding supply chain management, the real problems, and the operation requirement of supply chain in a shipyard, this paper generally introduces the performance measurement driven lean supply chain management system and its mechanism of circulating for perfection of the same team’s previous study. This study carries out further research on the methodology of the performance measurement of supply chain in shipbuilding and proposes a novel method to evaluate the performance of supply chain in shipbuilding by the model combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) based on the operation of lean supply chain management system. The AHP-FCE model for the supply chain performance measurement (SCPM) in shipbuilding is achieved by the steps of the indexes analysis, deciding the relative weights by the AHP method, and then evaluating the effectiveness of these indexes with the input of experts’ opinion and calculation accordingly. The calculation results show that these performance indexes and their weight work functionally and properly, and the performance measurement driven lean supply chain management system can be self-improved based on functionally operation and circulation for perfection.
Abstract: As an ETO industry of shipbuilding, supply chain management is very important in a shipyard. Based on the analysis of shipbuilding production mode, the characteristics of shipbuilding supply chain management, the real problems, and the operation requirement of supply chain in a shipyard, this paper generally introduces the performance measurement d...
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Manually Improved Milk Churning in Yabello Town and Around Area, Borana Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
80-86
Received:
19 May 2023
Accepted:
12 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: A formal survey was carried out from March 2021 to October 2021 in Yabello town and around area, Borana Zone of Oromia regional state using open and closed questionnaires. A semi structured questioner form was used to interview specific group of people about their habits, knowledge, and about milking and milk churning practices. Milking and churning were practiced in the study area using locally made resources. During the demonstration, the interviewed households stated that Okolee (calabash) and Gorfaa are used for milking and holding the collected items. According to the current study, cultural milk processing was solely the responsibility of females, and time spent processing dairy products was covered by women. Furthermore, traditional churning practices of most Ethiopian community have been adopting to give low yield butter per unit of sour milk and require high labor input. As a result, the currently implemented technology concisely explains the barrier of the community problem and finds a solution. The currently modified churning equipment is firmly attached to metal pillars that are 70 cm off the ground. At each churning cycle, it can handle about 25 liters of milk. So maintaining milk quality is enjoyable, and churning has evolved to be comfortable. The churning can revolve favorably because of the moderate height above the floor and the total amount of milk it able to hold at one time to agitating is auspicious to rotate. That is normally how it is mediated by human power in order to operate it. In addition, all members of the family, especially those who are disabled and children are welcome to participate. The present study sought to reduce the enormous workload placed on women. The main objective was to manipulating technologically improved manual milk churning with low effort in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities to produce high-quality butter.
Abstract: A formal survey was carried out from March 2021 to October 2021 in Yabello town and around area, Borana Zone of Oromia regional state using open and closed questionnaires. A semi structured questioner form was used to interview specific group of people about their habits, knowledge, and about milking and milk churning practices. Milking and churnin...
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