Nano-hydroxyapatite Use in Oral Medicine: A Review
Si-Yu Tao,
Fei-Fei Wang,
Kashaf Naz,
Xue-Jing Lin,
Xin-Hui Xu,
Yong-Chao Zhao,
Xu-Cheng Hu,
Bin Liu,
Sheng-Ping Cao,
Zhu-Ling Guo
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2022
Pages:
62-65
Received:
24 May 2022
Accepted:
7 June 2022
Published:
14 June 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmsa.20221103.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) are fine particles, and its crystal structure is similar to the inorganic composition of natural bone, similar to ordinary hydroxyapatite, nHA has higher solubility biocompatibility and excellent osteogenicity, especially in repair of bone defects. In recent years, nHA as a new oral material is widely used in various fields of stomatology. The application of nano-hydroxyapatite in dental pulp, Periodontal field, maxillofacial surgery and oral health care is discussed in this paper. We describe by this article that nHA as root canal paste filling is anti-inflammatory and promote the closure of apical foramen. nHA can promote regeneration of alveolar bone cementum and periodontal membrane to form healthy periodontal tissue. nHA can also be widely used in the repair of oral bone tissue defects such as periodontal bone defect, alveolar bone reconstruction and jaw cyst. Besides, in the field of surgery, nHA can be used in defected bone area caused by surgery, it can promote bone union. In the field of oral health care, nHA can inhibit the formation of dental plaque, promote enamel remineralization, whiten teeth and relieve dentin sensitivity when applied to toothpaste, mouthwash and oral spray. The aim of this study is to provide a broad understanding of nHA and promote the use of nHA materials in the treatment of oral disease.
Abstract: Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) are fine particles, and its crystal structure is similar to the inorganic composition of natural bone, similar to ordinary hydroxyapatite, nHA has higher solubility biocompatibility and excellent osteogenicity, especially in repair of bone defects. In recent years, nHA as a new oral material is widely used in various field...
Show More
A Sustainable Approach for the Recovery of Manganese from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries via Photocatalytic Oxidation
Eva Gerold,
Helmut Antrekowitsch
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2022
Pages:
66-75
Received:
25 July 2022
Accepted:
9 August 2022
Published:
29 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmsa.20221103.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The need to recycle critical materials from spent lithium-ion batteries is undisputed. However, non-critical and currently low-cost elements such as manganese are often neglected. Looking at the development of this technology, however, it is evident that the demand for high-purity manganese for battery production will also increase enormously. The tendency towards active materials with higher manganese contents leads to the conclusion that this element should already be taken into consideration at this stage of the development of recycling processes. This evolution is based on the lower costs per kWh for the active material used and is therefore a highly probable scenario, especially with regard to the cost situation for battery materials. The recovery of manganese from active materials has so far been carried out in the research work mainly by means of solvent extraction, whereby this process entails many technological prerequisites in addition to the high price of the technique itself. When classical precipitation methods using sodium hydroxide or carbonate were used alternatively, only an inconsistent product with a high content of impurities could be obtained. This research work therefore deals with the selective recovery of manganese by means of photocatalytic oxidation. It makes utilization of the natural oxidation cycle of manganese, which is strongly dependent on the pH value, and shows that the efficiencies of this process are quite promising for the application in the field of battery recycling.
Abstract: The need to recycle critical materials from spent lithium-ion batteries is undisputed. However, non-critical and currently low-cost elements such as manganese are often neglected. Looking at the development of this technology, however, it is evident that the demand for high-purity manganese for battery production will also increase enormously. The ...
Show More
Study of Piezoelectric Properties of Barium Titanate for Energy Harvesting System Using COMSOL
Basuki Nath Mishra,
Shuchitangshu Chatterjee
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2022
Pages:
76-83
Received:
27 May 2022
Accepted:
21 June 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijmsa.20221103.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The conversion of mechanical energy created by environmental vibrations into electrical energy is the main advantage of piezoelectric materials. An energy harvester with the help of photoelectric sensor using non-toxic Barium titanate is studied and a model of energy harvester unit is simulated in COMSOL multiphysics software package. This simulation of piezoelectric sensor to detect environmental vibration through rolling noise are investigated and compared for different frequency. In common practices, the rolling noise induces sound wave in the railway track. This rolling noise is a wave which is useless in nature. But, this unwanted rolling noise may be used in a transducer to convert the unwanted form of energy to useful electrical form of energy. In the new era of science, the new ideas about induction of new form energy without harming the environment are needed. This paper is dedicated to use of non- toxic Barium titanate in place of toxic lead zirconate titanate (PZT). In order to improve the performances of the energy harvester, the geometry of the model has to be properly designed. Different geometries were investigated using simulation. The results of simulations are used to find optimum geometry and size of Barium titanate used to develop the main unit of energy harvester. The rail wheel interaction results rolling noise in the railway track. This rolling noise is dynamic in nature. These sound waves can move in the railway track with high speed. The piezoelectric transducers receive the wave and induce electric current. This induced electrical energy can be stored for future use with the help of batteries. These induced electrical energy as well as stored electrical energy may be used to operate various electrical and electronics equipment in the absence of conventional electrical energy.
Abstract: The conversion of mechanical energy created by environmental vibrations into electrical energy is the main advantage of piezoelectric materials. An energy harvester with the help of photoelectric sensor using non-toxic Barium titanate is studied and a model of energy harvester unit is simulated in COMSOL multiphysics software package. This simulati...
Show More
