Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players

Haruka Kawabata; Takaaki Miyake; Izumi Yoshi; Yutaro Kudo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14

| Peer-Reviewed

Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players

Haruka Kawabata, Takaaki Miyake, Izumi Yoshi, Yutaro Kudo

Published in American Journal of Sports Science (Volume 9, Issue 1)

Received: 17 March 2021 Accepted: 2 April 2021 Published: 16 April 2021

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the COP (center of foot pressure) control ability of junior soccer players between the kicking foot and the supporting foot using the COP control test. The participants were 40 junior soccer players (133.6±5.4 cm, 28.8±3.4 kg, 9.1±0.6 years old, soccer history: 3.8±1.3 years) belonging to a local soccer team. The COP control test was carried out using the COP trajectory measuring instrument T.K.K5810 and COP adjustment software 1.1.0 (Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) to examine the lower right and left lower limb differences in the COP control ability. Of the 40 participants, 35 who kicked the ball with their right foot according to the questionnaire took part in the COP control test. The target-tracking COP control test tracks the target that moves regularly on the monitor with the COP and measures the total error over time. Each participant randomly practiced one standing position on both feet and one standing position (kicking foot and supporting foot), took a 30-second break between trials, and then performed two trials. The evaluation variable was total COP errors made in 30 s with the moving target. Of the two trials, for each player, the data with the best record were included for analysis. The mean COP control test scores when standing on one leg were 602.8±163.2 cm for the kicking leg and 561.6±159.1 cm for the supporting leg. The COP control test score with both feet standing was 487.0±146.2 cm. The scores of one-foot standing (kicking foot and supporting foot) were significantly higher than those for participants standing on both feet (p < 0.05), and many participants had better scores for their supporting foot than their kicking foot. However, there was no significant difference in the mean value of the kicking foot and the supporting foot and of the symmetry index, the effect size was also small. The results indicate that the COP control ability of junior soccer players does not differ between their kicking foot and their supporting foot.

Published in	American Journal of Sports Science (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14
Page(s)	27-31
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Balance, COP, Junior Soccer Players, Laterality

References

[1]	Yoshida T, Oda M, Takahashi H, Sasaki S, Yamamoto M, Takenouchi J. (1996). The Relationship for Target and Tracking of the Body Tracking Test (BTT) The Test Condition for the BTT-No.1. Equilib Res. 55, 4, 343-348.
[2]	Yoshida T, Oda M, Osafune H, Miyaji M, Yamamoto M. (1997) The Evaluation of Tracking Ability by the Body Tracking Test (BTT). Equilib Res. 56, 1, 39-44.
[3]	Kawabata H, Uchiyama M, Demura S, Takahashi K. (2013). Relations among dynamic balance tests and a coordination test using center of pressure to pursue a randomly moving target. Percept Mot Skills. 117, 3, 811-820.
[4]	Kawabata H, Demura S, Uchiyama M. (2012). Reliability and Sex Differences in a Coordination Test of a Tracking moving target with the Center of Foot Pressure. Adv Phys Educ, 02, 03, 77-81.
[5]	Huurnink A, Fransz DP, Kingma I, Hupperets MDW, Van Dieën JH. (2014). The effect of leg preference on postural stability in healthy athletes. J Biomech, 47, 1, 308-312.
[6]	Burnie J, Brodie DA. Isokinetic measurement in preadolescent males. (1986). Int J Sports Med, 07, 4, 205-209.
[7]	Neumann DA, Soderberg GL, Cook TM. (1988). Comparison of maximal isometric hip abductor muscle torques between hip sides. Phys Ther, 68, 4, 496-502.
[8]	Demura S, Sato S, Sugiura H. (2010). Lower limb laterality characteristics based on the relationship between activities and individual laterality. Gazz Medica Ital Arch per le Sci Mediche, 169, 5, 181-191.
[9]	Elias LJ, Bryden MP, Bulman-Fleming MB. (1998). Footedness is a better predictor than is handedness of emotional lateralization. Neuropsychologia, 36, 1, 37-43.
[10]	Schiltz M, Lehance C, Maquet D, Bury T, Crielaard JM, Croisier JL. (2009). Explosive strength imbalances in professional basketball players. J Athl Train, 44, 1, 39-47.
[11]	Noyes FR, Barber SD, Mooar LA. (1989). A rationale for assessing sports activity levels and limitations in knee disorders. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 246, 238-249.
[12]	Gentry V, Gabbard C. (1995). Foot-preference behavior: A developmental perspective. J Gen Psychol, 122, 1, 37-27.
[13]	Gabbard C, Iteya M. (1996). Foot laterality in children, adolescents, and adults. Laterality, 1, 3, 199-206.
[14]	Coren S. (1993). The lateral preference inventory for measurement of handedness, footedness, eyedness, and earedness: Norms for young adults. Bull Psychon Soc, 31, 1, 1-3.
[15]	Peters M. (1988). Footedness: Asymmetries in Foot Preference and Skill and Neuropsychological Assessment of Foot Movement. Psychol Bull, 103, 2, 179-192.
[16]	Kawabata H, Demura S, Kitabayashi T, Shin S, Sato S. (2012). Gender and the laterality of various coordination tests. Gazz Medica Ital Arch per le Sci Mediche, 171, 2, 135-141.
[17]	Noguchi T, Demura S, Nagasawa Y, Uchiyama M. (2009). Influence of measurement order by dominant and nondominant hands on performance of a pursuit-rotor task. Percept Mot Skills, 108, 3, 905-914.
[18]	Roy EA, Bryden P, Cavill S. (2003). Hand differences in pegboard performance through development. Brain Cogn, 53, 2, 315-317.
[19]	Bell J, Gabbard C. (2005). Foot preference changes through adulthood. Laterality, 5, 1, 63-68.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Haruka Kawabata, Takaaki Miyake, Izumi Yoshi, Yutaro Kudo. (2021). Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players. American Journal of Sports Science, 9(1), 27-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Haruka Kawabata; Takaaki Miyake; Izumi Yoshi; Yutaro Kudo. Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players. Am. J. Sports Sci. 2021, 9(1), 27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Haruka Kawabata, Takaaki Miyake, Izumi Yoshi, Yutaro Kudo. Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players. Am J Sports Sci. 2021;9(1):27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14,
  author = {Haruka Kawabata and Takaaki Miyake and Izumi Yoshi and Yutaro Kudo},
  title = {Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players},
  journal = {American Journal of Sports Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajss.20210901.14},
  abstract = {This study aimed to compare the COP (center of foot pressure) control ability of junior soccer players between the kicking foot and the supporting foot using the COP control test. The participants were 40 junior soccer players (133.6±5.4 cm, 28.8±3.4 kg, 9.1±0.6 years old, soccer history: 3.8±1.3 years) belonging to a local soccer team. The COP control test was carried out using the COP trajectory measuring instrument T.K.K5810 and COP adjustment software 1.1.0 (Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) to examine the lower right and left lower limb differences in the COP control ability. Of the 40 participants, 35 who kicked the ball with their right foot according to the questionnaire took part in the COP control test. The target-tracking COP control test tracks the target that moves regularly on the monitor with the COP and measures the total error over time. Each participant randomly practiced one standing position on both feet and one standing position (kicking foot and supporting foot), took a 30-second break between trials, and then performed two trials. The evaluation variable was total COP errors made in 30 s with the moving target. Of the two trials, for each player, the data with the best record were included for analysis. The mean COP control test scores when standing on one leg were 602.8±163.2 cm for the kicking leg and 561.6±159.1 cm for the supporting leg. The COP control test score with both feet standing was 487.0±146.2 cm. The scores of one-foot standing (kicking foot and supporting foot) were significantly higher than those for participants standing on both feet (p < 0.05), and many participants had better scores for their supporting foot than their kicking foot. However, there was no significant difference in the mean value of the kicking foot and the supporting foot and of the symmetry index, the effect size was also small. The results indicate that the COP control ability of junior soccer players does not differ between their kicking foot and their supporting foot.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players
AU  - Haruka Kawabata
AU  - Takaaki Miyake
AU  - Izumi Yoshi
AU  - Yutaro Kudo
Y1  - 2021/04/16
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14
T2  - American Journal of Sports Science
JF  - American Journal of Sports Science
JO  - American Journal of Sports Science
SP  - 27
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8540
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14
AB  - This study aimed to compare the COP (center of foot pressure) control ability of junior soccer players between the kicking foot and the supporting foot using the COP control test. The participants were 40 junior soccer players (133.6±5.4 cm, 28.8±3.4 kg, 9.1±0.6 years old, soccer history: 3.8±1.3 years) belonging to a local soccer team. The COP control test was carried out using the COP trajectory measuring instrument T.K.K5810 and COP adjustment software 1.1.0 (Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) to examine the lower right and left lower limb differences in the COP control ability. Of the 40 participants, 35 who kicked the ball with their right foot according to the questionnaire took part in the COP control test. The target-tracking COP control test tracks the target that moves regularly on the monitor with the COP and measures the total error over time. Each participant randomly practiced one standing position on both feet and one standing position (kicking foot and supporting foot), took a 30-second break between trials, and then performed two trials. The evaluation variable was total COP errors made in 30 s with the moving target. Of the two trials, for each player, the data with the best record were included for analysis. The mean COP control test scores when standing on one leg were 602.8±163.2 cm for the kicking leg and 561.6±159.1 cm for the supporting leg. The COP control test score with both feet standing was 487.0±146.2 cm. The scores of one-foot standing (kicking foot and supporting foot) were significantly higher than those for participants standing on both feet (p < 0.05), and many participants had better scores for their supporting foot than their kicking foot. However, there was no significant difference in the mean value of the kicking foot and the supporting foot and of the symmetry index, the effect size was also small. The results indicate that the COP control ability of junior soccer players does not differ between their kicking foot and their supporting foot.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Haruka Kawabata

Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka
Takaaki Miyake

Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka
Izumi Yoshi

Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Osaka
Yutaro Kudo

Undergraduate Department of Human Health, Hachinohe Gakuin University, Hachinohe, Japan

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Haruka Kawabata, Takaaki Miyake, Izumi Yoshi, Yutaro Kudo. (2021). Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players. American Journal of Sports Science, 9(1), 27-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Haruka Kawabata; Takaaki Miyake; Izumi Yoshi; Yutaro Kudo. Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players. Am. J. Sports Sci. 2021, 9(1), 27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Haruka Kawabata, Takaaki Miyake, Izumi Yoshi, Yutaro Kudo. Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players. Am J Sports Sci. 2021;9(1):27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14,
  author = {Haruka Kawabata and Takaaki Miyake and Izumi Yoshi and Yutaro Kudo},
  title = {Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players},
  journal = {American Journal of Sports Science},
  volume = {9},
  number = {1},
  pages = {27-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajss.20210901.14},
  abstract = {This study aimed to compare the COP (center of foot pressure) control ability of junior soccer players between the kicking foot and the supporting foot using the COP control test. The participants were 40 junior soccer players (133.6±5.4 cm, 28.8±3.4 kg, 9.1±0.6 years old, soccer history: 3.8±1.3 years) belonging to a local soccer team. The COP control test was carried out using the COP trajectory measuring instrument T.K.K5810 and COP adjustment software 1.1.0 (Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) to examine the lower right and left lower limb differences in the COP control ability. Of the 40 participants, 35 who kicked the ball with their right foot according to the questionnaire took part in the COP control test. The target-tracking COP control test tracks the target that moves regularly on the monitor with the COP and measures the total error over time. Each participant randomly practiced one standing position on both feet and one standing position (kicking foot and supporting foot), took a 30-second break between trials, and then performed two trials. The evaluation variable was total COP errors made in 30 s with the moving target. Of the two trials, for each player, the data with the best record were included for analysis. The mean COP control test scores when standing on one leg were 602.8±163.2 cm for the kicking leg and 561.6±159.1 cm for the supporting leg. The COP control test score with both feet standing was 487.0±146.2 cm. The scores of one-foot standing (kicking foot and supporting foot) were significantly higher than those for participants standing on both feet (p < 0.05), and many participants had better scores for their supporting foot than their kicking foot. However, there was no significant difference in the mean value of the kicking foot and the supporting foot and of the symmetry index, the effect size was also small. The results indicate that the COP control ability of junior soccer players does not differ between their kicking foot and their supporting foot.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Lower Limb Differences and the Center of Pressure Control Test with Visual Feedback for Junior Soccer Players
AU  - Haruka Kawabata
AU  - Takaaki Miyake
AU  - Izumi Yoshi
AU  - Yutaro Kudo
Y1  - 2021/04/16
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14
T2  - American Journal of Sports Science
JF  - American Journal of Sports Science
JO  - American Journal of Sports Science
SP  - 27
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8540
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajss.20210901.14
AB  - This study aimed to compare the COP (center of foot pressure) control ability of junior soccer players between the kicking foot and the supporting foot using the COP control test. The participants were 40 junior soccer players (133.6±5.4 cm, 28.8±3.4 kg, 9.1±0.6 years old, soccer history: 3.8±1.3 years) belonging to a local soccer team. The COP control test was carried out using the COP trajectory measuring instrument T.K.K5810 and COP adjustment software 1.1.0 (Takei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.) to examine the lower right and left lower limb differences in the COP control ability. Of the 40 participants, 35 who kicked the ball with their right foot according to the questionnaire took part in the COP control test. The target-tracking COP control test tracks the target that moves regularly on the monitor with the COP and measures the total error over time. Each participant randomly practiced one standing position on both feet and one standing position (kicking foot and supporting foot), took a 30-second break between trials, and then performed two trials. The evaluation variable was total COP errors made in 30 s with the moving target. Of the two trials, for each player, the data with the best record were included for analysis. The mean COP control test scores when standing on one leg were 602.8±163.2 cm for the kicking leg and 561.6±159.1 cm for the supporting leg. The COP control test score with both feet standing was 487.0±146.2 cm. The scores of one-foot standing (kicking foot and supporting foot) were significantly higher than those for participants standing on both feet (p < 0.05), and many participants had better scores for their supporting foot than their kicking foot. However, there was no significant difference in the mean value of the kicking foot and the supporting foot and of the symmetry index, the effect size was also small. The results indicate that the COP control ability of junior soccer players does not differ between their kicking foot and their supporting foot.
VL  - 9
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download