Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot <i>(Allium cepa L. aggregatum) </i>Seed

Bekele Gemechu; Aderawu Turuaynet

doi:doi:10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20

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Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed

Bekele Gemechu, Aderawu Turuaynet

Published in Advances (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 27 June 2022 Accepted: 8 August 2022 Published: 17 August 2022

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Abstract

The experiment was conducted in the laboratory at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center in two phases with the objectives of to identify the best germination media to conduct proper germination and to optimize germination test procedure for shallot seed. In the first phase the experiment consisted of 6 treatments of three germination media (Top of paper, Between paper and sand) and two shallot varieties (DZSHT-91-2B and DZSHT-157-1B). The second experiment consisted of 27 treatments as three water application times (24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hour), three germination papers (filter paper, grade paper and kitchen paper), and three amount of water to be applied (2.5ml, 5ml and 7.5ml of distilled water). The treatments were arranged in both phases in factorial combination with complete randomized design (CRD) in four replications. The analysis of variance showed significant variation for shallot seed germination on different germination media. The highest mean values were obtained on DZSHT-91-2B on Top of Paper (86%) and the lowest mean value was recorded for DZSHT-157-1B on sand (60.5%). In addition highest mean value of speed of germination was obtained from top of Paper (7.9), and the lowest mean value was observed from shallot seed sown in between Paper (4.5). Therefore top of paper is the best germination media as compared to sand and in between paper to have the maximum germination for shallot seed. With regard to optimization of germination test procedure as both the main effect and the interaction effect of the seed physiological quality parameters indicated that the highest mean values were recorded when shallot seed was planted on Kitchen paper with 5ml water application once for twenty four hour for three times during the whole germination period.

Published in	Advances (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20
Page(s)	111-116
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Shallot, Germination Paper, Seed Quality, Optimization, Germination Media

References

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[2]	Berhanu, M. A. and Berhanu, G. A., 2014. Constraints of Onion (Alluim cepa. Var. cepa L.) Yield Production and Food Preference to Shallot (Alluim cepa. Var. aggregatum) in the Case of Bibugn Woreda, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Constraints, 32.
[3]	Finch-Savage WE, Bassel GW. Seed vigour and crop establishment: extending performance beyond adaptation. Epub 2015 Nov 19. PMID: 26585226.
[4]	Fritsch R. M. and Friesen, N., 2002. Evolution, domestication and taxonomy. Allium crop science: recent advances, pp. 5-30.
[5]	George, R. A. T. 1999. Vegetable Seed Production 2nd edition. CABI Publishing 10E 40th Street Suite 3203, New York, USA.
[6]	Hanelt, P., Hammer, K. and Knupffer, H., 1992. The genus Allium-taxonomic problems and genetic resources; Proceedings of. In International Symposium on the Genus Allium-Taxonomic Problems and Genetic Resources (No. RESEARCH). Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research.
[7]	International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), 2014. International Rules for seed testing. Published by international seed testing Association Zurichstr, Switzerland.
[8]	K. Kusena, R. Wynberg, C. Mujaju. Do smallholder farmer-led seed systems have the capacity to supply good-quality, fungal-free sorghum seed? Agric & Food Secur. 6, 52 (2017).
[9]	Mohammed, W., Woldetsadik, K. and Kebede, B., 2018 Registration of a new “Improved Huruta” shallot variety with true seed production potential. East African Journal of Sciences, 12 (1), pp. 77-82.
[10]	Nikus, O. and Mulugeta, F., 2010. Onion seed productiontechniques. A Manual for Extension Agents and Seed Producers. FAO. Crop Diversification and Marketing Development Project. Asella, Ethiopia.
[11]	Rabinowitch, H. D., 2018. Physiology of flowering. In Onions and allied crops (pp. 113-134). CRC Press.
[12]	Tabor, G., 2018. Development of seed propagated shallot (Allium cepa L var. aggregatum) varieties in Ethiopia. Scientia horticulturae, 240, pp. 89-93.
[13]	Shimeles, A. 2014. The performance of true seed shallot lines under different environments of Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 59 (2), 129-139.
[14]	S. Simatupang, T. Sipahutar, & Sutanto. Kajian usahatani bawang merah dengan paket teknologi good agriculture practices’, J. Pengkajian dan Pengemb. Tek. Pert. 20, 1 (2017).

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APA Style

Bekele Gemechu, Aderawu Turuaynet. (2022). Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed. Advances, 3(3), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20

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ACS Style

Bekele Gemechu; Aderawu Turuaynet. Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed. Advances. 2022, 3(3), 111-116. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20

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Bekele Gemechu, Aderawu Turuaynet. Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed. Advances. 2022;3(3):111-116. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20

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@article{10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20,
  author = {Bekele Gemechu and Aderawu Turuaynet},
  title = {Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {111-116},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20220303.20},
  abstract = {The experiment was conducted in the laboratory at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center in two phases with the objectives of to identify the best germination media to conduct proper germination and to optimize germination test procedure for shallot seed. In the first phase the experiment consisted of 6 treatments of three germination media (Top of paper, Between paper and sand) and two shallot varieties (DZSHT-91-2B and DZSHT-157-1B). The second experiment consisted of 27 treatments as three water application times (24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hour), three germination papers (filter paper, grade paper and kitchen paper), and three amount of water to be applied (2.5ml, 5ml and 7.5ml of distilled water). The treatments were arranged in both phases in factorial combination with complete randomized design (CRD) in four replications. The analysis of variance showed significant variation for shallot seed germination on different germination media. The highest mean values were obtained on DZSHT-91-2B on Top of Paper (86%) and the lowest mean value was recorded for DZSHT-157-1B on sand (60.5%). In addition highest mean value of speed of germination was obtained from top of Paper (7.9), and the lowest mean value was observed from shallot seed sown in between Paper (4.5). Therefore top of paper is the best germination media as compared to sand and in between paper to have the maximum germination for shallot seed. With regard to optimization of germination test procedure as both the main effect and the interaction effect of the seed physiological quality parameters indicated that the highest mean values were recorded when shallot seed was planted on Kitchen paper with 5ml water application once for twenty four hour for three times during the whole germination period.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed
AU  - Bekele Gemechu
AU  - Aderawu Turuaynet
Y1  - 2022/08/17
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20
DO  - 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20
T2  - Advances
JF  - Advances
JO  - Advances
SP  - 111
EP  - 116
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7200
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20
AB  - The experiment was conducted in the laboratory at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center in two phases with the objectives of to identify the best germination media to conduct proper germination and to optimize germination test procedure for shallot seed. In the first phase the experiment consisted of 6 treatments of three germination media (Top of paper, Between paper and sand) and two shallot varieties (DZSHT-91-2B and DZSHT-157-1B). The second experiment consisted of 27 treatments as three water application times (24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hour), three germination papers (filter paper, grade paper and kitchen paper), and three amount of water to be applied (2.5ml, 5ml and 7.5ml of distilled water). The treatments were arranged in both phases in factorial combination with complete randomized design (CRD) in four replications. The analysis of variance showed significant variation for shallot seed germination on different germination media. The highest mean values were obtained on DZSHT-91-2B on Top of Paper (86%) and the lowest mean value was recorded for DZSHT-157-1B on sand (60.5%). In addition highest mean value of speed of germination was obtained from top of Paper (7.9), and the lowest mean value was observed from shallot seed sown in between Paper (4.5). Therefore top of paper is the best germination media as compared to sand and in between paper to have the maximum germination for shallot seed. With regard to optimization of germination test procedure as both the main effect and the interaction effect of the seed physiological quality parameters indicated that the highest mean values were recorded when shallot seed was planted on Kitchen paper with 5ml water application once for twenty four hour for three times during the whole germination period.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Bekele Gemechu

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Bishoftu, Ethiopia
Aderawu Turuaynet

Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Bishoftu, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Bekele Gemechu, Aderawu Turuaynet. (2022). Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed. Advances, 3(3), 111-116. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20

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ACS Style

Bekele Gemechu; Aderawu Turuaynet. Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed. Advances. 2022, 3(3), 111-116. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20

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AMA Style

Bekele Gemechu, Aderawu Turuaynet. Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed. Advances. 2022;3(3):111-116. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20

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@article{10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20,
  author = {Bekele Gemechu and Aderawu Turuaynet},
  title = {Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed},
  journal = {Advances},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {111-116},
  doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20220303.20},
  abstract = {The experiment was conducted in the laboratory at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center in two phases with the objectives of to identify the best germination media to conduct proper germination and to optimize germination test procedure for shallot seed. In the first phase the experiment consisted of 6 treatments of three germination media (Top of paper, Between paper and sand) and two shallot varieties (DZSHT-91-2B and DZSHT-157-1B). The second experiment consisted of 27 treatments as three water application times (24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hour), three germination papers (filter paper, grade paper and kitchen paper), and three amount of water to be applied (2.5ml, 5ml and 7.5ml of distilled water). The treatments were arranged in both phases in factorial combination with complete randomized design (CRD) in four replications. The analysis of variance showed significant variation for shallot seed germination on different germination media. The highest mean values were obtained on DZSHT-91-2B on Top of Paper (86%) and the lowest mean value was recorded for DZSHT-157-1B on sand (60.5%). In addition highest mean value of speed of germination was obtained from top of Paper (7.9), and the lowest mean value was observed from shallot seed sown in between Paper (4.5). Therefore top of paper is the best germination media as compared to sand and in between paper to have the maximum germination for shallot seed. With regard to optimization of germination test procedure as both the main effect and the interaction effect of the seed physiological quality parameters indicated that the highest mean values were recorded when shallot seed was planted on Kitchen paper with 5ml water application once for twenty four hour for three times during the whole germination period.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluation of Suitable Germination Media and Germination Test Procedure for Shallot (Allium cepa L. aggregatum) Seed
AU  - Bekele Gemechu
AU  - Aderawu Turuaynet
Y1  - 2022/08/17
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20
DO  - 10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20
T2  - Advances
JF  - Advances
JO  - Advances
SP  - 111
EP  - 116
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2994-7200
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20220303.20
AB  - The experiment was conducted in the laboratory at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center in two phases with the objectives of to identify the best germination media to conduct proper germination and to optimize germination test procedure for shallot seed. In the first phase the experiment consisted of 6 treatments of three germination media (Top of paper, Between paper and sand) and two shallot varieties (DZSHT-91-2B and DZSHT-157-1B). The second experiment consisted of 27 treatments as three water application times (24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hour), three germination papers (filter paper, grade paper and kitchen paper), and three amount of water to be applied (2.5ml, 5ml and 7.5ml of distilled water). The treatments were arranged in both phases in factorial combination with complete randomized design (CRD) in four replications. The analysis of variance showed significant variation for shallot seed germination on different germination media. The highest mean values were obtained on DZSHT-91-2B on Top of Paper (86%) and the lowest mean value was recorded for DZSHT-157-1B on sand (60.5%). In addition highest mean value of speed of germination was obtained from top of Paper (7.9), and the lowest mean value was observed from shallot seed sown in between Paper (4.5). Therefore top of paper is the best germination media as compared to sand and in between paper to have the maximum germination for shallot seed. With regard to optimization of germination test procedure as both the main effect and the interaction effect of the seed physiological quality parameters indicated that the highest mean values were recorded when shallot seed was planted on Kitchen paper with 5ml water application once for twenty four hour for three times during the whole germination period.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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