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Measurement of Financial Statements Information in the Context of Harmonization of the Accounting Systems
Irina Golochalova
,
Viorel Tsurcanu
Issue: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages: 48-58
Received: 19 December 2019
Accepted: 07 February 2020
Published: 18 February 2020
DOI:
10.11648/j.jfa.20200801.16
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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to establish the ability to assess the quality of financial statements presented by organizations in a particular jurisdiction. The preparation of useful financial statements is possible based on the imperativeness of the concept of qualitative characteristics. An analysis of the composition and grouping of qualitative characteristics outlined in the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting, Directive 2013/34/EU and the Law of the Republic of Moldova (RM) “On Accounting and Financial Reporting” made it possible to choose a method for developing a unified methodology for assessing quality of financial reporting in relation to accounting systems, both Anglo-Saxon and continental, as well as individual jurisdictions. A statement of the leading role of reliability and relevance in determining the usefulness of information, while maintaining the value of qualitative characteristics that increase the usefulness of information (in particular, comparability and timeliness), provided the opportunity to build a rational methodology for measuring the quality of financial statements. The proposed methodology is considered as the basis for assessing the quality of reporting, in the framework of which the value of the indicator of useful information is postulated. Based on mathematical modeling, a formula has been developed for calculating the indicator of the usefulness of information, with perfectly prepared financial statements, the value of which is 1. The use of the method of abstraction and logical thinking allowed us to determine the value of each qualitative characteristic in the quality indicator. It has been established that deviations from this indicator can be the result of either non-compliance with the information quality requirements by the reporting compiler, or ignoring the conceptual platform for presenting useful financial statements. Countries associated with the EU, including the RM, are forced to use a mixed system of accounting and qualitative characteristics (according to International Financial Reporting Standards and Directive 2013/34/EU). The implementation of the recommended methodology for measuring the quality of reporting, using the qualitative characteristics provided for in the legislative framework of the RM, proves the inefficiency of convergence of the two accounting systems in the absence of a special methodology. In general, the study demonstrated that the effective use of the concept of qualitative characteristics: is aimed at promoting the harmonization of accounting systems; serves as a reliable basis for assessing the quality of financial statements; contributes to solving the problem of improving the quality of information in the future.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to establish the ability to assess the quality of financial statements presented by organizations in a particular jurisdiction. The preparation of useful financial statements is possible based on the imperativeness of the concept of qualitative characteristics. An analysis of the composition and grouping of qualitative ...
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Impacts of Human Capital Development on Real Sectors Growth in Nigeria
Obasanmi Jude Omokugbo
,
Idogun Henry Imogiemhe
Issue: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages: 24-33
Received: 03 December 2019
Accepted: 10 January 2020
Published: 14 February 2020
DOI:
10.11648/j.jfa.20200801.14
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Abstract: Human capital is an important factor used in converting all resources to mankind’s use and benefit. In an attempt to examine the nexus between human capital development and real sector growth indicators (Agriculture and Petroleum and Natural Gas), this study investigated the relationship between human capital development and real sector growth in Nigeria. Annual time series data from 1990 to 2018 was employed. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF), Johansen-Cointegration, and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) were employed in the study. The result indicated long run relationship between human capital development and output growth in the two sectors investigated. The result revealed that current public expenditure on education and health translated in increase in output for Petroleum & Natural Gas in Nigeria but not in the Agricultural sector. Also, expenditure in research and development (R&D) had significant impact on output growth in the two sectors. It was recommended that the federal government should endeavor to increase their expenditure on education to boost quality education infrastructure needed in schools.
Abstract: Human capital is an important factor used in converting all resources to mankind’s use and benefit. In an attempt to examine the nexus between human capital development and real sector growth indicators (Agriculture and Petroleum and Natural Gas), this study investigated the relationship between human capital development and real sector growth in N...
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Cashless Policy in Nigeria: Effects, Challenges and Prospects
Obasanmi Jude Omokugbo
,
Imasuen Osasere Festus
Issue: Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020
Pages: 18-23
Received: 03 December 2019
Accepted: 13 January 2020
Published: 10 February 2020
DOI:
10.11648/j.jfa.20200801.13
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Abstract: This study is to investigate the effects, challenges and prospects of cashless policy on the Nigerian Economy. The objectives of the study are to examine: the effects of cashless policy, the challenges of cashless policy and the prospects of cashless policy on the Nigerian economy. The hypotheses of the study are: there are no significant effects of cashless policy on the Nigerian economy: there are no significant challenges of cashless policy on the Nigerian economy, and there are no significant prospects of cashless policy on the Nigerian economy. In carrying out the study, primary data was used which was sourced through questionnaire. A total of one thousand, two hundred questionnaires were passed and after careful monitoring and supervision, there was hundred percent retrieval and used for the analyses. In analyzing the result, simple frequencies, percentages and t-statistics were used to analyze the research hypotheses. From the analyses, it was found that cashless policy has positive effect on the growth of Nigerian economy. Also, respondents were of the opinion that the introduction of cashless banking in Nigeria has increased the cost of e-payment transactions as well as the normal bank charges as they are required to pay for various e-cards aside from indirect payment for technologies acquired to run cashless business venture by the banks. It was concluded that, in as much as the policy is good, there should be a conscious efforts at improving on information and communication infrastructure that will enhance speed in service delivery, internet security framework to check online fraud so that the public can be assured and protected against cyber attacks and fraud.
Abstract: This study is to investigate the effects, challenges and prospects of cashless policy on the Nigerian Economy. The objectives of the study are to examine: the effects of cashless policy, the challenges of cashless policy and the prospects of cashless policy on the Nigerian economy. The hypotheses of the study are: there are no significant effects o...
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Public Accounts Committee (PAC) Practices and Financial Performance: Analysis of Local Administrative Entities in Rwanda
Issue: Volume 7, Issue 5, September 2019
Pages: 153-160
Received: 19 August 2019
Accepted: 29 September 2019
Published: 20 October 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.jfa.20190705.14
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Abstract: The study entitled PAC practices and financial performance: Analysis of local administrative entities in Rwanda was about assessing the contribution of PAC in raising the financial standards of local entities in terms of performance. This study considered the objectives of assess the recommendations raised by PAC based OAG observations in study area, monitoring and evaluating the progressive implementation of PAC and OAG recommendations in study area, weighting the indicators of performance in study area, finding out the correlation between the performance of local administrative entities and recommendations raised by PAC based OAG in study area. The researcher used qualitative and quantitative approaches as the study was descriptive. The considered target population were 23 in period of 2015-2018. The universal population was taken as sample size and the data collection instrument which been used were questionnaires where the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Referring to objective one, it is obvious that; in table 1 the researcher sought to know the recommendations raised by PAC basing on OAG observations and how are being implemented; in fact, it was revealed that PAC involves in regular analysis of OAG report as reported by 69.6%% of respondent who agreed to this statement. The second objective revealed that the time of implementation of PAC recommendations based OAG observation and how they are executed; actually, it was revealed that regular time to carry out monthly PFM meeting is planned as strongly reported by 56.5 and agreed by 43.5% of respondents. The third objective revealed that table 3 the indicators of performance among local administrative entities due to implementation of recommendation raised by PAC; actually, it was revealed that the district performed in, Social, health, agriculture, education, infrastructures and other entities as reported by 100% of respondent who agreed to this statement; 65.2% of respondents pointed out that Local administrative entities executed PAC recommendations. This was also supported by R square of 0.787 which implied that the predictor variables (Recommendations raised by PAC and follow up of recommendations) can explain the performance of local administrative entities at 78.7%.
Abstract: The study entitled PAC practices and financial performance: Analysis of local administrative entities in Rwanda was about assessing the contribution of PAC in raising the financial standards of local entities in terms of performance. This study considered the objectives of assess the recommendations raised by PAC based OAG observations in study are...
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An Empirical Evaluation of Different Electronic Payment Channels in Nigeria
Fidelis Onyemaechi Nedozi
,
Chris Ikponmwen Omoregie
Issue: Volume 7, Issue 5, September 2019
Pages: 146-152
Received: 30 August 2019
Accepted: 17 September 2019
Published: 29 September 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.jfa.20190705.13
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Abstract: Payments system plays a very crucial role in any economy, being the channel through which financial resources flow from one segment of the economy to the other. This study has tried to empirically evaluate the electronic-payment channels and their penetration level in Nigeria from 2012 to first quarter of 2019. The main research objective was to determine given the technology revolution the level of e-payment penetration in Nigeria. Concepts of e-payment, E-payment in Nigeria and the different E-payment platforms were reviewed. The data were obtained from the secondary sources like CBN, journals, and commercial banks quarterly bulletins. The study employed descriptive statistics to ascertain the level of penetration E-payment in Nigeria. The data were analyzed using percentages. From the study, it was found that ATM dominated the penetration of E-payment in terms of volume in Nigeria from 2011 to first quarter of 2019. In terms of value NEFT dominated in 2012 and 2013 while NIP dominated from 2014 to first quarter of 2019. It is recommended that more electronic channels should be open to deepen the electronic transactions in the economy to fast tract transaction as the world move into tech revolution. Also, the issue of fraud emanating from electronic transaction should be checked and reduce to give trust to consumers of such transactions.
Abstract: Payments system plays a very crucial role in any economy, being the channel through which financial resources flow from one segment of the economy to the other. This study has tried to empirically evaluate the electronic-payment channels and their penetration level in Nigeria from 2012 to first quarter of 2019. The main research objective was to de...
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