American Journal of Life Sciences

Special Issue

Role of Combination Between Bioagents and Solarization on Management of Crown-and Stem-Rot of Egyptian Clover

  • Submission Deadline: 30 December 2014
  • Status: Submission Closed
  • Lead Guest Editor: Khairy Abdel-Maksoud Mohamed Abada
About This Special Issue
The aim of science in the twenty first century, arguably, is to enhance the depend on safe methods of disease management rather than pesticides in order to obtain safe plant products.

Egyptian clover is the most perennial forage crop grown in Egypt and diseases are the most important constrains. Clover rot is the important disease all over the world including Egypt. The disease infects the crown and roots causing crown and stem-rot and the new growth wilts, dies, and may be covered with fungus growth. Hard, black, fungus bodies (sclerotia) are produced in diseased tissue. The disease, generally, appears in the beginning of December and become severe during January and February in northern governorates. The infection originates from the ascospores realed from the apothecia. The heavily infected leaves become grayish brown, wither and become over run with white mycelium which spreads to the crown and roots. Later on crown and basal parts of young stem show brown soft rot, which extends downward to the root. Field observations reveal that in dry areas and years, the disease is out of sight and mind.

The fungus has a wide host range, including many species in the composite and crucifer families, which makes control more difficult.

Culture filtrate of Bacillus and Trichoderma isolates resulted in different degrees of reduction to the growth of S.sclerotiorum and the fungus failed to grow on the concentration of 75 and 100 %, respectively.

All the tested bioagents resulted in significant reduction to the germinated sclerotia of S.sclerotiorum and the tested Trichoderma isolates were more efficient (more three times) in reducing the viability of sclerotia than Bacillus isolates.

The tested bioagents, i.e. B.thuringiensis-1 and T.harzianum-3 as well as soil solarization resulted in significant reduction to the severity of clover crown and stem-rot with significant increase to the green forage yield compared with control treatment. In addition, T.harzianum-3 was more efficient than B.thuringiensis-1 and solarization, when each of them was applied alone. However, the combination between solarization and any of the tested bioagents was more efficient in reducing both crown and stem-rot severity and increasing the green forage yield than when each of them was used alone. Moreover, the combination among B.thuringiensis-1 + T.harzianum-3 + solarization was the most efficient in this regard, which no apparent infection by crown and stem-rot were observed and the highest green forage yield was obtained.
Lead Guest Editor
  • Khairy Abdel-Maksoud Mohamed Abada

    Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

Published Articles
  • Effect of Combination among Bioagents, Compost and Soil Solarization on Management of Strawberry Fusarium Wilt

    Abada K. A. , Faten M. Abd-El-Latif , Hala A.M. El-Dakar

    Issue: Volume 2, Issue 6-2, December 2014
    Pages: 39-46
    Received: 17 December 2014
    Accepted: 25 December 2014
    Published: 01 February 2015
    DOI: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2014020602.16
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    Abstract: Isolation trials from strawberry plants showing mainly wilt symptoms grown at Behera, Ismailia, Kalubia and Giza governorates yielded Fusarium oxysporum , F.solani , Macrophomina phaseolina , Pythium ultimum , Phytophthora cactorum , Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii . Pathogenicity test of the four isolates of F.oxysporum revealed that the... Show More
  • Controlling of Mango Powdery Mildew by some Salts, Growth Regulators and the Biofungicide AQ10 Compared with Punch Fungicide in Egypt

    Azza M. K. Azmy

    Issue: Volume 2, Issue 6-2, December 2014
    Pages: 33-38
    Received: 24 December 2014
    Accepted: 28 December 2014
    Published: 10 January 2015
    DOI: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2014020602.15
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    Abstract: Two experiments on 10 years old mango trees, Saddeka cv. (high susceptible cultivar) were conducted under field condition during 2012 and 2013 growing seasons for management of powdery mildew at El Adleia district, Belbees county, El-Sharkia governorate. In these trials, mango trees were sprayed with two potassium phosphate salts , calcium chloride... Show More
  • Effect of Combination between Bioagents and Antioxidants on Management of Tomato Powdery Mildew

    Abada K. A. , M. A. Ahmed

    Issue: Volume 2, Issue 6-2, December 2014
    Pages: 26-32
    Received: 18 November 2014
    Accepted: 21 November 2014
    Published: 25 November 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2014020602.14
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    Abstract: Isolation of microorganisms occurring on the phyllopane of tomato leaves yielded many Basillus and Trichoderma strains. The isolated Bacillus spp. were purified and identified as B. chitinosporus, B. megaterium, B. pumilus, B. subtilis and B. thuringiensis and the isolated Trichoderma spp. were, T. album, T. hamatum, T. koningii, T. harzianum and T... Show More
  • Management Fusarium Wilt of Sweet Pepper by Bacillus Strains

    Abada K. A. , M. A. Ahmed

    Issue: Volume 2, Issue 6-2, December 2014
    Pages: 19-25
    Received: 07 November 2014
    Accepted: 12 November 2014
    Published: 25 November 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2014020602.13
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    Abstract: Isolation trials from the roots of wilted sweet pepper plants yielded Alternaria spp., Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium spp., Rhizontonia solani , Sclerotium rolfsii and Trichoderma spp. The isolates of the fungus F. oxysporum were selected to test their pathogenicity and Kalubia isolate was the most virulent one. The fungus was virulent to sweet pepper... Show More
  • Effect of Volatile and Non-Volatile Compounds of Trichoderma spp. on Botrytis Fabae the Causative Agent of Faba Bean Chocolate Spot

    Barakat F. M. , Abada K. A. , Abou-Zeid N. M. , El-Gammal Y. H. E.

    Issue: Volume 2, Issue 6-2, December 2014
    Pages: 11-18
    Received: 20 August 2014
    Accepted: 25 August 2014
    Published: 05 September 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2014020602.12
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    Abstract: Antagonistic fungi naturally occurring on faba bean leaf surface were isolated and evaluated for their activity as bioagents for Botrytis fabae the causative agent of chocolate spot disease. Thirty isolates were purified and identified as 26 isolates of Trichoderma species (Trichoderma album, T. aureoviride , T. hamatum, T. harzianum and T. viride)... Show More
  • A Protocol Suggested for Management of Cantaloupe Downy Mildew

    Abada , K. A. , Kh. E. Eid

    Issue: Volume 2, Issue 6-2, December 2014
    Pages: 1-10
    Received: 20 August 2014
    Accepted: 25 August 2014
    Published: 05 September 2014
    DOI: 10.11648/j.ajls.s.2014020602.11
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    Abstract: The inhibitory effect of the fungicides Acrobat copper, Previcure-N and Unilax, the inducer resistance chemicals (IRCs) bion, chitosan, salicylic acid and zinc sulphate and the bioagents Bacillus polymyxa, B. subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens on sporangial germination of fungus like Pseudoperonospora cubensis, the causal of cantaloupe downy mild... Show More