American Journal of Health Research

| Peer-Reviewed |

Attitude and Practice Towards Exclusive Breast Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Mothers in Southern Ethiopia

Received: 11 March 2015    Accepted: 19 March 2015    Published: 24 March 2015
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Introduction: The controversy between the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk and the life saving benefits of breastfeeding remains to be a dilemma faced by HIV positive mothers. Cognizant of this, World Health Organization recommends avoidance of all breastfeeding by HIV positive mothers when replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe. Otherwise, exclusive breast feeding is recommended during the first 6 months of life. Despite this effort, exclusive breast feeding is uncommon practice among HIV infected women. The aim of this study was to assess attitude and practice towards exclusive breast feeding and its associated factors among HIV positive mothers attending public hospitals of southern Ethiopia, 2013. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1 to September 15, 2013. A total of 436 HIV positive mothers were recruited in the study. Pretested and structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Data were entered to EpiInfo and exported to SPSS for further analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to see the association of different variables. Odds ratios and 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the presence and strength of association. Results: More than half (56.7%) of mothers had favorable attitude towards exclusive breast feeding and nearly half (48.2%) mothers exclusively breast feed their infants. Mother’s education, occupation, house hold income, antenatal care attendance, counseling and HIV disclosure to spouse/family members were found to be associated with attitude and practice towards exclusive breast feeding. Conclusion: The attitude and prevalence of exclusive breast feeding practice were found to be very low. Therefore, HIV positive women opting to breastfeed should be encouraged to exclusively breast feed their infants and need to be promoted by policy makers and implementers.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18
Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 3, Issue 2, March 2015)
Page(s) 105-115
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Exclusive Breast Feeding, Ethiopia, HIV Positive Mothers

References
[1] Young SL, Israel- Ballard KA, Dantzer EA, Ngonyani MM, Nyambo M,Ash DM, Chantry CJ: Infant feeding practices among HIV-positive women in Dares Salaam, Tanzania, indicate a need for more intensive infant feeding counseling. Public Health Nutrition 2010, 13(12):2027–2033.
[2] Ogundele MO, Coulter JB: HIV transmission through breastfeeding: problems and prevention. Ann Trop. Paediatr 2003, 23(2):91-106.
[3] FHAPCO/FMOH: Guidelines for Pediatrics HIV/AIDS care and Treatment in Ethiopia: FHAPCO/FMOH; 2008.
[4] Muluye D, Woldeyohannes D, Gizachew M, Tiruneh M: Infant feeding practice and associated factors of HIV positive mothers attending prevention of mother to child transmission and antiretroviral therapy clinics in Gondar Town health institutions. BMC public health 2012, 12: 240.
[5] Federal Ministry of Health: National strategy for Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF). Ethiopia: Federal Ministry of Health, Family Health Department; 2004.
[6] Fletcher FE, Ndebele P, Kelley MC: Infant feeding and HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa, what lies beneath the dilemma?. Theor Med Bioeth 2008, 29 (5):307-30.
[7] Introduction to HIV and breastfeeding. http://www.avert.org/hiv-and-breastfeeding.htm(07/03/2015).
[8] U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women’s Health. Your Guide to breast feeding, 2011.
[9] Doherty T, Sanders D, Goga A, Jackson D: Implications of the new WHO guidelines on HIV and infant feeding for child survival in South Africa. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2011, 89(1):62-67.
[10] Nkala TE, Msuya SE: Prevalence and predictors of EBF among HIV positive women in Kigoma region, Western Tanzania. Int. Breastfeed J 2011,6(1):17
[11] Pool R, Nyanzi S, Whitworth JA: Breastfeeding practices and attitudes relevant to the vertical transmission of HIV in rural south-west Uganda. Ann.Trop.Paediatr 2001,21(2):119-25.
[12] Dop MC: Breastfeeding in Africa: will positive trends be challenged by the AIDS epidemic. Santé 2002, 12(1):64-72.
[13] Nakunda J, Tumwine J, Nankabiwa V, Tylleskar T: “She would sit with me” mothers experience, of individual peer support for exclusive breastfeeding in Uganda. Int Breastfeeding Journal 2010, 5(16):1-13.
[14] Federal Ministry of Health, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute: Report on the 2007 Round ANC Sentinel HIV surveillance in Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Federal Ministry of Health, Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Research Institute; 2010.
[15] Belachew T, Jira C: Awareness about feeding options for infants born to HIV positive mothers and mother to child transmission of HIV in Gurage zone, South Ethiopia. Ethiop. J. Health Dev 2007, 21(1):40-47.
[16] Yeo EA, Béquet L, Ekouévi DK, Krawinkel M: Attitudes towards exclusive breastfeeding and other infant feeding options--a study from Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. J Trop Pediatr 2005, 51(4):223-6.
[17] Brown BJ. Oldakun RE, Osinusi K: Situation analysis of the existing infant feeding pattern at the commencement of the prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV programme in Ibadan. Nigerian journal of clinical practice 2009, 12(4):421-8.
[18] Petri K. Schmidt D. Schwarz E: Knowledge, attitudes and practices of women regarding the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programme at the Vanguard Community Health Centre, Tygerberg. SAJCN 2007, 20(2):71.
[19] Seid AM, Yesuf ME, Koye DN: Prevalence of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices and associated factors among mothers in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study. Int Breastfeed J 2013, 8: 14.
[20] Shi L, Zhang J, Wang Y, Guyer B: Breast feeding in rural China: Association between knowledge, attitudes, and practices. J Hum. Lact 2008, 24(4):377-85
[21] Phadke MA, Gadgil B, Bharucha KE, Shrotri AN, Sastry J, Gupte NA, Brookmeyer R, Paranjape RS, Bulakh PM, Pisal H, Suryavanshi N, Shankar AV, Propper L, Joshi PL Bollinger RC: Replacement-fed infants born to HIV-infected mothers in India has a high early postpartum rate of hospitalization. Journal Nutr 2003, 133(10):3153-7.
[22] Ladizani R, Peltzer K, Motlatso G.Mlambo, Phaweni K: Infant-feeding practices and associated factors of HIV-positive mothers at Gert Sibande South Africa. Human Science research council of South Africa 2010,11(11):1651-2227.
[23] Mohammed A, Shehu A, Aliyu A, Zoaka A: Infant feeding options, Practices and determinants of feeding practice among HIV positive mothers in Abuja, Nigeria. Niger Med. J 2010, 51(1): 14-17.
[24] Omari AA, Luo C, Kankasa C, Bhat GJ, Bunn J: Infant-feeding practices of mothers of known HIV status in Lusaka, Zambia. Health Policy Plan 2003, 18(2):156-62.
[25] Babirye J N, Nuwaha F, Grulich A E: Adherence to feeding guidelines among HIV-infected and HIV uninfected mothers in a rural district in Uganda. East African medical journal 2009, 86(7):337-43.
[26] Oche MO, Umar AS: Breastfeeding practices of mothers in a rural community of Sokoto, Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J 2008, 15 (2):101-4.
[27] Maru Y, Haidar J: Infant feeding practice of HIV positive mothers and its determinants in selected health institutions of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Ethiop. J. Health Dev 2009,23 (2):107-114
[28] Ingunn MS Engebretsen, Wamani H, Karamagi C, Semiyaga N, Tumwine J, Tylleskar T: Low adherence to exclusive breastfeeding in Eastern Uganda: A community- based cross- sectional study. BMC Pediatrics 2007, 7:10
[29] Becquet R, Leroy V, Ekouevi DK: Complementary feeding adequacy in relation to nutritional status among early weaned breastfed children who are born to HIV-infected mothers: Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. Pediatrics 2006, 117(4):701-10.
[30] Kishore MS, Kumar P, Aggarwal AK: Breastfeeding knowledge and practices amongst mothers in North India. J Trop Pediatr 2009, 55(3):183-8
Author Information
  • Southern Nation, Nationalities and People’s regional Health Bureau, Hawassa, Ethiopia

  • School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kassa Eshetu Modjo, Negash Wakgari Amanta. (2015). Attitude and Practice Towards Exclusive Breast Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Mothers in Southern Ethiopia. American Journal of Health Research, 3(2), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Kassa Eshetu Modjo; Negash Wakgari Amanta. Attitude and Practice Towards Exclusive Breast Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Mothers in Southern Ethiopia. Am. J. Health Res. 2015, 3(2), 105-115. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Kassa Eshetu Modjo, Negash Wakgari Amanta. Attitude and Practice Towards Exclusive Breast Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Mothers in Southern Ethiopia. Am J Health Res. 2015;3(2):105-115. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18,
      author = {Kassa Eshetu Modjo and Negash Wakgari Amanta},
      title = {Attitude and Practice Towards Exclusive Breast Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Mothers in Southern Ethiopia},
      journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {105-115},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20150302.18},
      abstract = {Introduction: The controversy between the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk and the life saving benefits of breastfeeding remains to be a dilemma faced by HIV positive mothers. Cognizant of this, World Health Organization recommends avoidance of all breastfeeding by HIV positive mothers when replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe. Otherwise, exclusive breast feeding is recommended during the first 6 months of life. Despite this effort, exclusive breast feeding is uncommon practice among HIV infected women. The aim of this study was to assess attitude and practice towards exclusive breast feeding and its associated factors among HIV positive mothers attending public hospitals of southern Ethiopia, 2013. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1 to September 15, 2013. A total of 436 HIV positive mothers were recruited in the study. Pretested and structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Data were entered to EpiInfo and exported to SPSS for further analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to see the association of different variables. Odds ratios and 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the presence and strength of association. Results: More than half (56.7%) of mothers had favorable attitude towards exclusive breast feeding and nearly half (48.2%) mothers exclusively breast feed their infants. Mother’s education, occupation, house hold income, antenatal care attendance, counseling and HIV disclosure to spouse/family members were found to be associated with attitude and practice towards exclusive breast feeding. Conclusion: The attitude and prevalence of exclusive breast feeding practice were found to be very low. Therefore, HIV positive women opting to breastfeed should be encouraged to exclusively breast feed their infants and need to be promoted by policy makers and implementers.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Attitude and Practice Towards Exclusive Breast Feeding and Its Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Mothers in Southern Ethiopia
    AU  - Kassa Eshetu Modjo
    AU  - Negash Wakgari Amanta
    Y1  - 2015/03/24
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18
    T2  - American Journal of Health Research
    JF  - American Journal of Health Research
    JO  - American Journal of Health Research
    SP  - 105
    EP  - 115
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8796
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20150302.18
    AB  - Introduction: The controversy between the risk of HIV transmission through breast milk and the life saving benefits of breastfeeding remains to be a dilemma faced by HIV positive mothers. Cognizant of this, World Health Organization recommends avoidance of all breastfeeding by HIV positive mothers when replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe. Otherwise, exclusive breast feeding is recommended during the first 6 months of life. Despite this effort, exclusive breast feeding is uncommon practice among HIV infected women. The aim of this study was to assess attitude and practice towards exclusive breast feeding and its associated factors among HIV positive mothers attending public hospitals of southern Ethiopia, 2013. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1 to September 15, 2013. A total of 436 HIV positive mothers were recruited in the study. Pretested and structured interviewer administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Data were entered to EpiInfo and exported to SPSS for further analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to see the association of different variables. Odds ratios and 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the presence and strength of association. Results: More than half (56.7%) of mothers had favorable attitude towards exclusive breast feeding and nearly half (48.2%) mothers exclusively breast feed their infants. Mother’s education, occupation, house hold income, antenatal care attendance, counseling and HIV disclosure to spouse/family members were found to be associated with attitude and practice towards exclusive breast feeding. Conclusion: The attitude and prevalence of exclusive breast feeding practice were found to be very low. Therefore, HIV positive women opting to breastfeed should be encouraged to exclusively breast feed their infants and need to be promoted by policy makers and implementers.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections