Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils

Samuel Jonah Abbey; Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo; Samson Ngambi; Eyo Umo Eyo; Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12

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Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils

Samuel Jonah Abbey, Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo, Samson Ngambi, Eyo Umo Eyo, Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke

Published in Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 31 May 2019 Accepted: 1 July 2019 Published: 12 July 2019

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Abstract

This paper presents a laboratory and statistical study on swell and undrained shear strength of cemented organic clays blended with eco-friendly (by-product) cementitious materials such as ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and cement kiln dust (CKD). The presence of organic matter in soils can be very problematic especially during construction of infrastructures such as roads and foundations. Therefore, experimental and statistical investigations are crucial to further understand the effect of organic matter on swell and strength performance of soils treated with by-product materials (GGBS and CKD). Five artificially synthesised organic clays with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% organic matters were mixed with 20% cement during the first phase of mixing. In the second phase, cement content was reduced to 4% and blended with 12% GGBS and 4% CKD respectively. All mixed samples were cured up to 56days and subjected to undrained triaxial test and one-dimensional oedometer swell test. The undrained shear strength of the untreated soils decreases from 22.47kPa to 15.6kPa upon increase in organic matter from 0-20%. While the swell increases from 1.17% to 3.83% for the same range of 0-20% organic matter. The results also show improvement on strength and swell upon addition of 20% cement for all investigated samples. For samples treated with 4% cement and inclusion of 12% GGBS and 4% CKD, the treated soils showed better performance in terms of swell potential due to reduction in plasticity compared to the plasticity of soils treated with 20% cement. Undrained shear strength increases from 632kPa to 804.9kPa and from 549.8kPa to 724.4kPa with reduction in organic matter upon addition of 20% CEM and 4% CEM: 12% GGBS: 4% CKD after 56days. The results obtained show that the inclusion of GGBS and CKD reduced swell and increases undrained shear strength irrespective of the percentage of organic materials due to cementation effect. However, results of the statistical studies show that the presence of organic matter influences the extent of performance of the cement, GGBS and CKD treated soils.

Published in	Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12
Page(s)	48-58
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Stabilised Soils, Expansive Soils, Organic Matter, Undrained Strength, Swell Capacity, GGBS, Cement, CKD

References

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Samuel Jonah Abbey, Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo, Samson Ngambi, Eyo Umo Eyo, Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke. (2019). Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils. Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, 4(2), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12

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Samuel Jonah Abbey; Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo; Samson Ngambi; Eyo Umo Eyo; Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke. Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils. J. Civ. Constr. Environ. Eng. 2019, 4(2), 48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12

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AMA Style

Samuel Jonah Abbey, Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo, Samson Ngambi, Eyo Umo Eyo, Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke. Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils. J Civ Constr Environ Eng. 2019;4(2):48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12,
  author = {Samuel Jonah Abbey and Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo and Samson Ngambi and Eyo Umo Eyo and Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke},
  title = {Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils},
  journal = {Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {48-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jccee.20190402.12},
  abstract = {This paper presents a laboratory and statistical study on swell and undrained shear strength of cemented organic clays blended with eco-friendly (by-product) cementitious materials such as ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and cement kiln dust (CKD). The presence of organic matter in soils can be very problematic especially during construction of infrastructures such as roads and foundations. Therefore, experimental and statistical investigations are crucial to further understand the effect of organic matter on swell and strength performance of soils treated with by-product materials (GGBS and CKD). Five artificially synthesised organic clays with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% organic matters were mixed with 20% cement during the first phase of mixing. In the second phase, cement content was reduced to 4% and blended with 12% GGBS and 4% CKD respectively. All mixed samples were cured up to 56days and subjected to undrained triaxial test and one-dimensional oedometer swell test. The undrained shear strength of the untreated soils decreases from 22.47kPa to 15.6kPa upon increase in organic matter from 0-20%. While the swell increases from 1.17% to 3.83% for the same range of 0-20% organic matter. The results also show improvement on strength and swell upon addition of 20% cement for all investigated samples. For samples treated with 4% cement and inclusion of 12% GGBS and 4% CKD, the treated soils showed better performance in terms of swell potential due to reduction in plasticity compared to the plasticity of soils treated with 20% cement. Undrained shear strength increases from 632kPa to 804.9kPa and from 549.8kPa to 724.4kPa with reduction in organic matter upon addition of 20% CEM and 4% CEM: 12% GGBS: 4% CKD after 56days. The results obtained show that the inclusion of GGBS and CKD reduced swell and increases undrained shear strength irrespective of the percentage of organic materials due to cementation effect. However, results of the statistical studies show that the presence of organic matter influences the extent of performance of the cement, GGBS and CKD treated soils.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils
AU  - Samuel Jonah Abbey
AU  - Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo
AU  - Samson Ngambi
AU  - Eyo Umo Eyo
AU  - Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke
Y1  - 2019/07/12
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12
T2  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JO  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
SP  - 48
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-3890
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12
AB  - This paper presents a laboratory and statistical study on swell and undrained shear strength of cemented organic clays blended with eco-friendly (by-product) cementitious materials such as ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and cement kiln dust (CKD). The presence of organic matter in soils can be very problematic especially during construction of infrastructures such as roads and foundations. Therefore, experimental and statistical investigations are crucial to further understand the effect of organic matter on swell and strength performance of soils treated with by-product materials (GGBS and CKD). Five artificially synthesised organic clays with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% organic matters were mixed with 20% cement during the first phase of mixing. In the second phase, cement content was reduced to 4% and blended with 12% GGBS and 4% CKD respectively. All mixed samples were cured up to 56days and subjected to undrained triaxial test and one-dimensional oedometer swell test. The undrained shear strength of the untreated soils decreases from 22.47kPa to 15.6kPa upon increase in organic matter from 0-20%. While the swell increases from 1.17% to 3.83% for the same range of 0-20% organic matter. The results also show improvement on strength and swell upon addition of 20% cement for all investigated samples. For samples treated with 4% cement and inclusion of 12% GGBS and 4% CKD, the treated soils showed better performance in terms of swell potential due to reduction in plasticity compared to the plasticity of soils treated with 20% cement. Undrained shear strength increases from 632kPa to 804.9kPa and from 549.8kPa to 724.4kPa with reduction in organic matter upon addition of 20% CEM and 4% CEM: 12% GGBS: 4% CKD after 56days. The results obtained show that the inclusion of GGBS and CKD reduced swell and increases undrained shear strength irrespective of the percentage of organic materials due to cementation effect. However, results of the statistical studies show that the presence of organic matter influences the extent of performance of the cement, GGBS and CKD treated soils.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Samuel Jonah Abbey

Civil Engineering Cluster, Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo

School of Energy, Construction and Environment, Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
Samson Ngambi

School of Energy, Construction and Environment, Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
Eyo Umo Eyo

School of Energy, Construction and Environment, Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke

Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Science, University of South Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom

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APA Style

Samuel Jonah Abbey, Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo, Samson Ngambi, Eyo Umo Eyo, Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke. (2019). Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils. Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, 4(2), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12

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ACS Style

Samuel Jonah Abbey; Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo; Samson Ngambi; Eyo Umo Eyo; Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke. Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils. J. Civ. Constr. Environ. Eng. 2019, 4(2), 48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12

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AMA Style

Samuel Jonah Abbey, Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo, Samson Ngambi, Eyo Umo Eyo, Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke. Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils. J Civ Constr Environ Eng. 2019;4(2):48-58. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12,
  author = {Samuel Jonah Abbey and Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo and Samson Ngambi and Eyo Umo Eyo and Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke},
  title = {Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils},
  journal = {Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {48-58},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jccee.20190402.12},
  abstract = {This paper presents a laboratory and statistical study on swell and undrained shear strength of cemented organic clays blended with eco-friendly (by-product) cementitious materials such as ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and cement kiln dust (CKD). The presence of organic matter in soils can be very problematic especially during construction of infrastructures such as roads and foundations. Therefore, experimental and statistical investigations are crucial to further understand the effect of organic matter on swell and strength performance of soils treated with by-product materials (GGBS and CKD). Five artificially synthesised organic clays with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% organic matters were mixed with 20% cement during the first phase of mixing. In the second phase, cement content was reduced to 4% and blended with 12% GGBS and 4% CKD respectively. All mixed samples were cured up to 56days and subjected to undrained triaxial test and one-dimensional oedometer swell test. The undrained shear strength of the untreated soils decreases from 22.47kPa to 15.6kPa upon increase in organic matter from 0-20%. While the swell increases from 1.17% to 3.83% for the same range of 0-20% organic matter. The results also show improvement on strength and swell upon addition of 20% cement for all investigated samples. For samples treated with 4% cement and inclusion of 12% GGBS and 4% CKD, the treated soils showed better performance in terms of swell potential due to reduction in plasticity compared to the plasticity of soils treated with 20% cement. Undrained shear strength increases from 632kPa to 804.9kPa and from 549.8kPa to 724.4kPa with reduction in organic matter upon addition of 20% CEM and 4% CEM: 12% GGBS: 4% CKD after 56days. The results obtained show that the inclusion of GGBS and CKD reduced swell and increases undrained shear strength irrespective of the percentage of organic materials due to cementation effect. However, results of the statistical studies show that the presence of organic matter influences the extent of performance of the cement, GGBS and CKD treated soils.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Effect of Organic Matter on Swell and Undrained Shear Strength of Treated Soils
AU  - Samuel Jonah Abbey
AU  - Adegoke Omotayo Olubanwo
AU  - Samson Ngambi
AU  - Eyo Umo Eyo
AU  - Blessing Oluwaseun Adeleke
Y1  - 2019/07/12
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12
T2  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JO  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
SP  - 48
EP  - 58
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-3890
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20190402.12
AB  - This paper presents a laboratory and statistical study on swell and undrained shear strength of cemented organic clays blended with eco-friendly (by-product) cementitious materials such as ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) and cement kiln dust (CKD). The presence of organic matter in soils can be very problematic especially during construction of infrastructures such as roads and foundations. Therefore, experimental and statistical investigations are crucial to further understand the effect of organic matter on swell and strength performance of soils treated with by-product materials (GGBS and CKD). Five artificially synthesised organic clays with 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% organic matters were mixed with 20% cement during the first phase of mixing. In the second phase, cement content was reduced to 4% and blended with 12% GGBS and 4% CKD respectively. All mixed samples were cured up to 56days and subjected to undrained triaxial test and one-dimensional oedometer swell test. The undrained shear strength of the untreated soils decreases from 22.47kPa to 15.6kPa upon increase in organic matter from 0-20%. While the swell increases from 1.17% to 3.83% for the same range of 0-20% organic matter. The results also show improvement on strength and swell upon addition of 20% cement for all investigated samples. For samples treated with 4% cement and inclusion of 12% GGBS and 4% CKD, the treated soils showed better performance in terms of swell potential due to reduction in plasticity compared to the plasticity of soils treated with 20% cement. Undrained shear strength increases from 632kPa to 804.9kPa and from 549.8kPa to 724.4kPa with reduction in organic matter upon addition of 20% CEM and 4% CEM: 12% GGBS: 4% CKD after 56days. The results obtained show that the inclusion of GGBS and CKD reduced swell and increases undrained shear strength irrespective of the percentage of organic materials due to cementation effect. However, results of the statistical studies show that the presence of organic matter influences the extent of performance of the cement, GGBS and CKD treated soils.
VL  - 4
IS  - 2
ER  -

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