International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry

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Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants

Received: 28 November 2019    Accepted: 23 December 2019    Published: 06 January 2020
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Abstract

Medicinal plants play an essential role in the development of human life. Medicinal plants are used by local people to cure various diseases. All the plants in this study were biologically active and were used for different ailments. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds obtained from the plant and are widely applied in the traditional herbal medicine. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals is a valuable step in the detection of bioactive principles present in medicinal plants and may lead to novel environmentally friendly drug discovery. The objective of the study was to screen such phytochemicals in selected Nigerian medicinal plants. Fresh plant material (leaves) were collected and processed prior to phytochemical screening. Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponin, tannin, steroids, phenols and protein distribution in six medicinal plants belonging to different families were assessed and compared using aqueous and ethanolic leave extract. The medicinal plants investigated were Parkia biglobosa, Boswellia dalzielli, Carica papaya, Bridelia feruginea, Acalypha wilkesinia and Anogeissus leiocarpus. It was observed that almost all the plant leave extract (aqueous and ethanolic) contains the important phytochemicals like alkaloids, saponin, tannin and phenol. It was concluded that the plants studied were rich in phytochemicals with significant pharmacological and medicinal applications. Hence, the use of the medicinal plant should be encouraged.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11
Published in International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2020)
Page(s) 1-4
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Phytochemical, Medicinal Plants, Extract

References
[1] Prashant, T., Bimlesh, K., Mandeep, K., Curpreet, K. and Harleen, K (2011). Phytochemical Screening and Extraction: A Review. International Pharmaceutica Sciencia 1 (1): 98-106.
[2] Fatemeh, J. K., Zahra, L and Hossein, A. K (2018). Medicinal Plamts; Past and Future Perspective. Journal of Herbal Pharmacology 7 (1): 1-7.
[3] Basile, A., Giordanes, S., Lopez-Sazez, J. A and Cobianchi, R. C (1999). Antibacterial Activity of Pura Flavoniods Isolated from mosses. Phytochemistry 52: 1479-1482.
[4] Edeogo, H. O., Okwu, D. E and Mbaebie, B. O (2005). Phytochemical Constituents of some Nigerian Medicinal plants. African Journal of Biotechnology 4 (7): 685-688.
[5] Ndam, L. M., Mig, A. M., Fongod, A. G. M., Tening, A. S., Tonjock, R. K., Enang, T. E. and Fujii, Y (2014). Phytochemical screening of the bioactive compounds in twenty Camarronian medicinal plants. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 3 (12): 768-778.
[6] Bobbarala, V., Katikala, P. K, Naidu, K. C. and Penumajji, S (2009). Antifungal activity of selected plant extracts against phytopaathogenic fungi Aspergillus niger. Indian Journal of Science Technology 2: 2-35
[7] Osuntakun, O. I. and Oluwafoise, B, O (2015). Phytochemical Screening of Ten Nigerian Medicinal Plants. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development 2 (4): 390-396.
[8] Okach, D. O., Nyunja, A. R. O. and Opande, G (2013). Phytochemical Screening of some Wild plants from Lamiaceae and their role in Traditional Medicine in Uriri District, Kenya. International Journal of Herbal Medicine 1 (5): 135-143.
[9] Barry A. L. and Thornsberry C. (1991). Susceptibility tests: Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 5th ed. Washinghton: America Society for Microbiology.
[10] Sofowara. A, (1993). Medicinal plants and Traditional medicine in Africa. Spectrum Books Ltd, Ibadan, Nigeria. p. 289.
[11] Trease, G. E, & Evans, M. C. (1983). Textbook of Pharmacognosy (12th ed.) London: Bailiere, Tindal. pp. 343-383.
[12] Uzama, D., Gbubele, J. D, Bwai, M. D and kabir, M, G (2015). Phytochemical, Nutritional and Antimicrobial Screening of Hexane, Ethyl Acetate and Ethanolic Extracts of Boswellia dalzielli leaves and bark. American Journal of Bioscience and bioengineering 3 (5): 76-79.
[13] Usman, Y., Samiratu, A. and Aminu, S. (2019). Antifungal Activity of Parkia biglobosa Extract on Pathogenic Strain of Candida albicans. Journal of Applied Sciences 19: 235- 240.
[14] Snigdha, S., Ravish, M., Narayau, G., Manisha, N., Nilotpol, K and Kishore, D (2019). Phytochemical Analysis of Papaya leaf extract; Screening Test. E-Dental Science 18 (3): 485- 490.
[15] Madziga, H. A., Sanni, S and Sandabe, U. K. (2010). Phytochemical and Elemental Analysis of Acalypha wilkesinia. Journal of American Science 6 (11): 510-514.
[16] Dayok, O., Dawang, N. and Da’am, C. E (2018). Antimicrobial Activity of leaf extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus on some selected clinical isolate. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 13: 36-40.
[17] Temitayo, O. k., Bukola, C. A, Abimbola, O. A (2017). The phytochemical and Antimicrobial Potentials of the Crude Extract of Bridelia ferruginea and the Extra Cellular Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles. Journal of advances in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14 (3). 1-13.
Author Information
  • Shelterbelt Research Station, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Kano, Nigeria

  • Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

  • Yahaya Hamza Institute of Technology, Mando-Afaka, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Trial Afforestation Research Station, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Kaduna, Nigeria

  • Department of Botany, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

  • Shelterbelt Research Station, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Kano, Nigeria

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Usman Yahaya, Maryam Sani Lawal, Samiratu Abubakar, Suleiman Rafiu Adeyemi, Raihana Abdullahi Idris, et al. (2020). Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants. International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11

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    ACS Style

    Usman Yahaya; Maryam Sani Lawal; Samiratu Abubakar; Suleiman Rafiu Adeyemi; Raihana Abdullahi Idris, et al. Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants. Int. J. Bioorg. Chem. 2020, 5(1), 1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11

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    AMA Style

    Usman Yahaya, Maryam Sani Lawal, Samiratu Abubakar, Suleiman Rafiu Adeyemi, Raihana Abdullahi Idris, et al. Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants. Int J Bioorg Chem. 2020;5(1):1-4. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11,
      author = {Usman Yahaya and Maryam Sani Lawal and Samiratu Abubakar and Suleiman Rafiu Adeyemi and Raihana Abdullahi Idris and Faiza Ibrahim Saad},
      title = {Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants},
      journal = {International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-4},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbc.20200501.11},
      abstract = {Medicinal plants play an essential role in the development of human life. Medicinal plants are used by local people to cure various diseases. All the plants in this study were biologically active and were used for different ailments. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds obtained from the plant and are widely applied in the traditional herbal medicine. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals is a valuable step in the detection of bioactive principles present in medicinal plants and may lead to novel environmentally friendly drug discovery. The objective of the study was to screen such phytochemicals in selected Nigerian medicinal plants. Fresh plant material (leaves) were collected and processed prior to phytochemical screening. Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponin, tannin, steroids, phenols and protein distribution in six medicinal plants belonging to different families were assessed and compared using aqueous and ethanolic leave extract. The medicinal plants investigated were Parkia biglobosa, Boswellia dalzielli, Carica papaya, Bridelia feruginea, Acalypha wilkesinia and Anogeissus leiocarpus. It was observed that almost all the plant leave extract (aqueous and ethanolic) contains the important phytochemicals like alkaloids, saponin, tannin and phenol. It was concluded that the plants studied were rich in phytochemicals with significant pharmacological and medicinal applications. Hence, the use of the medicinal plant should be encouraged.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Phytochemical Screening of Some Selected Nigerian Medicinal Plants
    AU  - Usman Yahaya
    AU  - Maryam Sani Lawal
    AU  - Samiratu Abubakar
    AU  - Suleiman Rafiu Adeyemi
    AU  - Raihana Abdullahi Idris
    AU  - Faiza Ibrahim Saad
    Y1  - 2020/01/06
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11
    T2  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
    JF  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
    JO  - International Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 4
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-9392
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbc.20200501.11
    AB  - Medicinal plants play an essential role in the development of human life. Medicinal plants are used by local people to cure various diseases. All the plants in this study were biologically active and were used for different ailments. Phytochemicals are bioactive compounds obtained from the plant and are widely applied in the traditional herbal medicine. Preliminary screening of phytochemicals is a valuable step in the detection of bioactive principles present in medicinal plants and may lead to novel environmentally friendly drug discovery. The objective of the study was to screen such phytochemicals in selected Nigerian medicinal plants. Fresh plant material (leaves) were collected and processed prior to phytochemical screening. Alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponin, tannin, steroids, phenols and protein distribution in six medicinal plants belonging to different families were assessed and compared using aqueous and ethanolic leave extract. The medicinal plants investigated were Parkia biglobosa, Boswellia dalzielli, Carica papaya, Bridelia feruginea, Acalypha wilkesinia and Anogeissus leiocarpus. It was observed that almost all the plant leave extract (aqueous and ethanolic) contains the important phytochemicals like alkaloids, saponin, tannin and phenol. It was concluded that the plants studied were rich in phytochemicals with significant pharmacological and medicinal applications. Hence, the use of the medicinal plant should be encouraged.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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