Applied Engineering

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Water Disinfection: Ferrate (VI) as the Greenest Chemical – A Review

Received: 15 November 2019    Accepted: 29 November 2019    Published: 06 December 2019
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Abstract

Water shortage pushed water treatment specialists to search for green technology and chemicals for better drinking water quality. Based on iron, a healthy element, ferrate (VI) has known some successful applications through the lab-scale and industrial level. Simultaneously as a disinfectant, oxidant, and coagulant, this eco-friendly chemical merits more attention to enlarging its worldwide acceptance. This work focuses on its recent usages mainly as killing agent. During the last decade, an appreciable understanding has been summated mostly concerning synthesis, fresh rising microcontaminants, radionuclides, inorganic as well as organic contaminants and the pathway of ferrate role. During sewage remediation, literature established that ferrate (VI) is an outstanding oxidant and a coagulant; it decreased chemical oxygen demand by 30% while killing three orders of magnitude more bacteria than traditional chemicals. Ferrate (VI) injection conducted to algae elimination from lake water thanks to its binary features, i.e., as an oxidant and coagulant. Recent successful application of in-situ ferrate (VI) for enhanced seawater pretreatment promotes its large acceptance. As the greenest chemical used in water treatment, ferrate merits more interest in terms of laboratory research and large-scale application. However, technical problems related to preoxidation effects on decreasing coagulation efficiency and disinfection by-products problems remain to be first taken into account besides to its industrial preparation.

DOI 10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24
Published in Applied Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2019)
Page(s) 171-180
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ferrate, Wastewater Treatment, Drinking Water, Disinfection, Green Technology, Iron

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Author Information
  • Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Blida, Blida, Algeria

  • Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia; Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Gabès (ENIG), Gabès, Tunisia

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    Djamel Ghernaout, Noureddine Elboughdiri. (2019). Water Disinfection: Ferrate (VI) as the Greenest Chemical – A Review. Applied Engineering, 3(2), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24

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    Djamel Ghernaout; Noureddine Elboughdiri. Water Disinfection: Ferrate (VI) as the Greenest Chemical – A Review. Appl. Eng. 2019, 3(2), 171-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24

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    Djamel Ghernaout, Noureddine Elboughdiri. Water Disinfection: Ferrate (VI) as the Greenest Chemical – A Review. Appl Eng. 2019;3(2):171-180. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24,
      author = {Djamel Ghernaout and Noureddine Elboughdiri},
      title = {Water Disinfection: Ferrate (VI) as the Greenest Chemical – A Review},
      journal = {Applied Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {171-180},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ae.20190302.24},
      abstract = {Water shortage pushed water treatment specialists to search for green technology and chemicals for better drinking water quality. Based on iron, a healthy element, ferrate (VI) has known some successful applications through the lab-scale and industrial level. Simultaneously as a disinfectant, oxidant, and coagulant, this eco-friendly chemical merits more attention to enlarging its worldwide acceptance. This work focuses on its recent usages mainly as killing agent. During the last decade, an appreciable understanding has been summated mostly concerning synthesis, fresh rising microcontaminants, radionuclides, inorganic as well as organic contaminants and the pathway of ferrate role. During sewage remediation, literature established that ferrate (VI) is an outstanding oxidant and a coagulant; it decreased chemical oxygen demand by 30% while killing three orders of magnitude more bacteria than traditional chemicals. Ferrate (VI) injection conducted to algae elimination from lake water thanks to its binary features, i.e., as an oxidant and coagulant. Recent successful application of in-situ ferrate (VI) for enhanced seawater pretreatment promotes its large acceptance. As the greenest chemical used in water treatment, ferrate merits more interest in terms of laboratory research and large-scale application. However, technical problems related to preoxidation effects on decreasing coagulation efficiency and disinfection by-products problems remain to be first taken into account besides to its industrial preparation.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Water Disinfection: Ferrate (VI) as the Greenest Chemical – A Review
    AU  - Djamel Ghernaout
    AU  - Noureddine Elboughdiri
    Y1  - 2019/12/06
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24
    T2  - Applied Engineering
    JF  - Applied Engineering
    JO  - Applied Engineering
    SP  - 171
    EP  - 180
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2994-7456
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20190302.24
    AB  - Water shortage pushed water treatment specialists to search for green technology and chemicals for better drinking water quality. Based on iron, a healthy element, ferrate (VI) has known some successful applications through the lab-scale and industrial level. Simultaneously as a disinfectant, oxidant, and coagulant, this eco-friendly chemical merits more attention to enlarging its worldwide acceptance. This work focuses on its recent usages mainly as killing agent. During the last decade, an appreciable understanding has been summated mostly concerning synthesis, fresh rising microcontaminants, radionuclides, inorganic as well as organic contaminants and the pathway of ferrate role. During sewage remediation, literature established that ferrate (VI) is an outstanding oxidant and a coagulant; it decreased chemical oxygen demand by 30% while killing three orders of magnitude more bacteria than traditional chemicals. Ferrate (VI) injection conducted to algae elimination from lake water thanks to its binary features, i.e., as an oxidant and coagulant. Recent successful application of in-situ ferrate (VI) for enhanced seawater pretreatment promotes its large acceptance. As the greenest chemical used in water treatment, ferrate merits more interest in terms of laboratory research and large-scale application. However, technical problems related to preoxidation effects on decreasing coagulation efficiency and disinfection by-products problems remain to be first taken into account besides to its industrial preparation.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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