Applied Engineering

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Electrocoagulation and Electrooxidation for Disinfecting Water: New Breakthroughs and Implied Mechanisms

Received: 23 August 2019    Accepted: 05 September 2019    Published: 19 September 2019
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Abstract

Electrochemical technology may present an option of treating water since they have proved some benefits over conventional techniques, like decreased handling and storage of chemicals and cost-effectiveness. Consecutive electrochemical techniques have yet to be tried for removing Escherichia coli in potable waters. In this review, a brief discussion of the work of Lynn [1] is presented. Lynn [1] studied electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO) employing two model surface waters and two model groundwaters to define the performance of consecutive EC-EO for removing E. coli. At a current density of 1.67 mA/cm2 for 1 min, bench-scale EO alone attained 4-logs reduction of E. coli in the model shallow aquifer. Elevating the EO current density to 6.67 mA/cm2 for 1 min presented similar levels of E. coli reduction in the model deep aquifer. Employing a current density of 10 mA/cm2 for 5 min EC attained 1-log or bigger E. coli removal in all model waters. No supplementary reduction beyond EC alone was reached employing consecutive EC-EO. Diminutions in the initial pH of the surface waters in order to reach bigger natural organic matter elimination did not improve E. coli cells killing with EC-EO comparatively with EC alone. De facto, around 64% of NOM was eliminated regardless of the variation in pH, which possibly restricted E. coli removal. More causes for the shortage of enhancement in E. coli disinfection may have comprised the existence of iron after EC or deficient EO current density. Diminishing the initial water pH did enhance E. coli reduction employing EO when pretreated via EC compared to the baseline water matrix pH. Despite the breakthroughs obtained throughout the Lynn [1] research in both EC and EO processes for disinfecting water in terms of mechanisms and optimization, great research remains to be accomplished with a view to largely accept these electrochemical techniques in the water treatment industry. Finding the correct hybridization and appropriate combination of such methods, and probably introduce other physical techniques like adsorption and magnetic treatment, would open large perspectives in implementing electrochemical engineering in water treatment.

DOI 10.11648/j.ae.20190302.18
Published in Applied Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 2, December 2019)
Page(s) 125-133
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Electrocoagulation (EC), Electrooxidation (EO), Disinfection, Electric Field, Electrodes, Microorganisms

References
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Author Information
  • Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Blida, Blida Algeria

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    Djamel Ghernaout. (2019). Electrocoagulation and Electrooxidation for Disinfecting Water: New Breakthroughs and Implied Mechanisms. Applied Engineering, 3(2), 125-133. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20190302.18

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    Djamel Ghernaout. Electrocoagulation and Electrooxidation for Disinfecting Water: New Breakthroughs and Implied Mechanisms. Appl. Eng. 2019, 3(2), 125-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20190302.18

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    AMA Style

    Djamel Ghernaout. Electrocoagulation and Electrooxidation for Disinfecting Water: New Breakthroughs and Implied Mechanisms. Appl Eng. 2019;3(2):125-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20190302.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ae.20190302.18,
      author = {Djamel Ghernaout},
      title = {Electrocoagulation and Electrooxidation for Disinfecting Water: New Breakthroughs and Implied Mechanisms},
      journal = {Applied Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2},
      pages = {125-133},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ae.20190302.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20190302.18},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ae.20190302.18},
      abstract = {Electrochemical technology may present an option of treating water since they have proved some benefits over conventional techniques, like decreased handling and storage of chemicals and cost-effectiveness. Consecutive electrochemical techniques have yet to be tried for removing Escherichia coli in potable waters. In this review, a brief discussion of the work of Lynn [1] is presented. Lynn [1] studied electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO) employing two model surface waters and two model groundwaters to define the performance of consecutive EC-EO for removing E. coli. At a current density of 1.67 mA/cm2 for 1 min, bench-scale EO alone attained 4-logs reduction of E. coli in the model shallow aquifer. Elevating the EO current density to 6.67 mA/cm2 for 1 min presented similar levels of E. coli reduction in the model deep aquifer. Employing a current density of 10 mA/cm2 for 5 min EC attained 1-log or bigger E. coli removal in all model waters. No supplementary reduction beyond EC alone was reached employing consecutive EC-EO. Diminutions in the initial pH of the surface waters in order to reach bigger natural organic matter elimination did not improve E. coli cells killing with EC-EO comparatively with EC alone. De facto, around 64% of NOM was eliminated regardless of the variation in pH, which possibly restricted E. coli removal. More causes for the shortage of enhancement in E. coli disinfection may have comprised the existence of iron after EC or deficient EO current density. Diminishing the initial water pH did enhance E. coli reduction employing EO when pretreated via EC compared to the baseline water matrix pH. Despite the breakthroughs obtained throughout the Lynn [1] research in both EC and EO processes for disinfecting water in terms of mechanisms and optimization, great research remains to be accomplished with a view to largely accept these electrochemical techniques in the water treatment industry. Finding the correct hybridization and appropriate combination of such methods, and probably introduce other physical techniques like adsorption and magnetic treatment, would open large perspectives in implementing electrochemical engineering in water treatment.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    AB  - Electrochemical technology may present an option of treating water since they have proved some benefits over conventional techniques, like decreased handling and storage of chemicals and cost-effectiveness. Consecutive electrochemical techniques have yet to be tried for removing Escherichia coli in potable waters. In this review, a brief discussion of the work of Lynn [1] is presented. Lynn [1] studied electrocoagulation (EC) and electrooxidation (EO) employing two model surface waters and two model groundwaters to define the performance of consecutive EC-EO for removing E. coli. At a current density of 1.67 mA/cm2 for 1 min, bench-scale EO alone attained 4-logs reduction of E. coli in the model shallow aquifer. Elevating the EO current density to 6.67 mA/cm2 for 1 min presented similar levels of E. coli reduction in the model deep aquifer. Employing a current density of 10 mA/cm2 for 5 min EC attained 1-log or bigger E. coli removal in all model waters. No supplementary reduction beyond EC alone was reached employing consecutive EC-EO. Diminutions in the initial pH of the surface waters in order to reach bigger natural organic matter elimination did not improve E. coli cells killing with EC-EO comparatively with EC alone. De facto, around 64% of NOM was eliminated regardless of the variation in pH, which possibly restricted E. coli removal. More causes for the shortage of enhancement in E. coli disinfection may have comprised the existence of iron after EC or deficient EO current density. Diminishing the initial water pH did enhance E. coli reduction employing EO when pretreated via EC compared to the baseline water matrix pH. Despite the breakthroughs obtained throughout the Lynn [1] research in both EC and EO processes for disinfecting water in terms of mechanisms and optimization, great research remains to be accomplished with a view to largely accept these electrochemical techniques in the water treatment industry. Finding the correct hybridization and appropriate combination of such methods, and probably introduce other physical techniques like adsorption and magnetic treatment, would open large perspectives in implementing electrochemical engineering in water treatment.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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