American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering

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A Practical Approach for Validation of Aptitude of Sized Carbon Fibers for the In-Mould -Impregnation Process

Received: 07 January 2019    Accepted: 19 February 2019    Published: 14 March 2019
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Abstract

As a new and innovative processing method for carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites, the In-Mould-Impregnation process (IMI) adopts carbon fibers as a heating element by electrical conduction. During heating of the dry carbon fibers in the production process, temperatures up to over 500°C can occur. However, the surface properties of carbon fibers and sizing may change under such conditions and thus affect the resulting composite. The present study is a practical approach to validate the suitability of sized carbon fibers for the IMI. The influence of a thermal treatment according to the parameters of the IMI-Process on carbon fiber-thermoplastic matrix interfacial adhesion was investigated by means of micromechanical and optical test methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the thermal treatment of carbon fibers causes a reduction of tensile strength of single fibers. It does not show an influence on the micromechanical breaking behavior in a PA 6 composite but the surface tension of carbon fibers changes. The change in surface tension can affect the wettability of the carbon fiber with a thermoplastic matrix.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12
Published in American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019)
Page(s) 11-19
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

In-Mould-Impregnation, Interfacial Shear Strength, Single Fiber Fragmentation Test, Thermal Treatment, Fiber-Matrix Adhesion

References
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Author Information
  • Institute of Polymer Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

  • Institute of Polymer Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

  • Institute of Polymer Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

  • Institute of Polymer Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

  • Institute of Polymer Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany

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    Andre Ullmer, Tobias Kleffel, Zhanyu Zhai, Tobias Mattner, Dietmar Drummer. (2019). A Practical Approach for Validation of Aptitude of Sized Carbon Fibers for the In-Mould -Impregnation Process. American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, 3(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12

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    ACS Style

    Andre Ullmer; Tobias Kleffel; Zhanyu Zhai; Tobias Mattner; Dietmar Drummer. A Practical Approach for Validation of Aptitude of Sized Carbon Fibers for the In-Mould -Impregnation Process. Am. J. Mech. Mater. Eng. 2019, 3(1), 11-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12

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    AMA Style

    Andre Ullmer, Tobias Kleffel, Zhanyu Zhai, Tobias Mattner, Dietmar Drummer. A Practical Approach for Validation of Aptitude of Sized Carbon Fibers for the In-Mould -Impregnation Process. Am J Mech Mater Eng. 2019;3(1):11-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12,
      author = {Andre Ullmer and Tobias Kleffel and Zhanyu Zhai and Tobias Mattner and Dietmar Drummer},
      title = {A Practical Approach for Validation of Aptitude of Sized Carbon Fibers for the In-Mould -Impregnation Process},
      journal = {American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1},
      pages = {11-19},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajmme.20190301.12},
      abstract = {As a new and innovative processing method for carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites, the In-Mould-Impregnation process (IMI) adopts carbon fibers as a heating element by electrical conduction. During heating of the dry carbon fibers in the production process, temperatures up to over 500°C can occur. However, the surface properties of carbon fibers and sizing may change under such conditions and thus affect the resulting composite. The present study is a practical approach to validate the suitability of sized carbon fibers for the IMI. The influence of a thermal treatment according to the parameters of the IMI-Process on carbon fiber-thermoplastic matrix interfacial adhesion was investigated by means of micromechanical and optical test methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the thermal treatment of carbon fibers causes a reduction of tensile strength of single fibers. It does not show an influence on the micromechanical breaking behavior in a PA 6 composite but the surface tension of carbon fibers changes. The change in surface tension can affect the wettability of the carbon fiber with a thermoplastic matrix.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A Practical Approach for Validation of Aptitude of Sized Carbon Fibers for the In-Mould -Impregnation Process
    AU  - Andre Ullmer
    AU  - Tobias Kleffel
    AU  - Zhanyu Zhai
    AU  - Tobias Mattner
    AU  - Dietmar Drummer
    Y1  - 2019/03/14
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12
    T2  - American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
    SP  - 11
    EP  - 19
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2639-9652
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajmme.20190301.12
    AB  - As a new and innovative processing method for carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites, the In-Mould-Impregnation process (IMI) adopts carbon fibers as a heating element by electrical conduction. During heating of the dry carbon fibers in the production process, temperatures up to over 500°C can occur. However, the surface properties of carbon fibers and sizing may change under such conditions and thus affect the resulting composite. The present study is a practical approach to validate the suitability of sized carbon fibers for the IMI. The influence of a thermal treatment according to the parameters of the IMI-Process on carbon fiber-thermoplastic matrix interfacial adhesion was investigated by means of micromechanical and optical test methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the thermal treatment of carbon fibers causes a reduction of tensile strength of single fibers. It does not show an influence on the micromechanical breaking behavior in a PA 6 composite but the surface tension of carbon fibers changes. The change in surface tension can affect the wettability of the carbon fiber with a thermoplastic matrix.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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