Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach

Jeremiah Kiingati; Samuel Mwalili; Anthony Waititu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13

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Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach

Jeremiah Kiingati, Samuel Mwalili, Anthony Waititu

Published in International Journal of Data Science and Analysis (Volume 6, Issue 4)

Received: 17 August 2020 Accepted: 5 September 2020 Published: 19 September 2020

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Abstract

In this paper we apply sequential Bayesian approach to compare the outcome of the presidential polls in Kenya. We use the previous polls to form the prior for the current polls. Even though several authors have used non-Bayesian models for countrywide polling data to forecast the outcome of the presidential race we propose a Bayesian approach in this case. As such the question of how to treat the previous and current pre-election polls data is inevitable. Some researchers consider only the most recent poll others Combine all previous polls up the present time and treat it as a single sample, weighting only by sample size, while others Combine all previous polls but adjust the sample size according to a weight function depending on the day the poll is taken. In this paper we apply a sequential Bayesian model (as an advancement of the latter which is time sensitive) where the previous measure is used as the prior of the current measure. Our concern is to model the proportion of votes between two candidates, incumbent and challenger. A Bayesian model of our binomial variable of interest will be applied sequentially to the Kenya opinion poll data sets in order to arrive at a posterior probability statement. The simulation results show that the eventual winner must lead consistently and constantly in at least 60% of the opinions polls. In addition, a candidate demonstrating high variability is more likely to lose the polls.

Published in	International Journal of Data Science and Analysis (Volume 6, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13
Page(s)	113-119
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Sequential Bayesian Analysis, Bernoulli Opinion Polls, Election Forecasting, Simulation-Approach

References

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APA Style

Jeremiah Kiingati, Samuel Mwalili, Anthony Waititu. (2020). Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach. International Journal of Data Science and Analysis, 6(4), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13

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ACS Style

Jeremiah Kiingati; Samuel Mwalili; Anthony Waititu. Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach. Int. J. Data Sci. Anal. 2020, 6(4), 113-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13

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AMA Style

Jeremiah Kiingati, Samuel Mwalili, Anthony Waititu. Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach. Int J Data Sci Anal. 2020;6(4):113-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13,
  author = {Jeremiah Kiingati and Samuel Mwalili and Anthony Waititu},
  title = {Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach},
  journal = {International Journal of Data Science and Analysis},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {113-119},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijdsa.20200604.13},
  abstract = {In this paper we apply sequential Bayesian approach to compare the outcome of the presidential polls in Kenya. We use the previous polls to form the prior for the current polls. Even though several authors have used non-Bayesian models for countrywide polling data to forecast the outcome of the presidential race we propose a Bayesian approach in this case. As such the question of how to treat the previous and current pre-election polls data is inevitable. Some researchers consider only the most recent poll others Combine all previous polls up the present time and treat it as a single sample, weighting only by sample size, while others Combine all previous polls but adjust the sample size according to a weight function depending on the day the poll is taken. In this paper we apply a sequential Bayesian model (as an advancement of the latter which is time sensitive) where the previous measure is used as the prior of the current measure. Our concern is to model the proportion of votes between two candidates, incumbent and challenger. A Bayesian model of our binomial variable of interest will be applied sequentially to the Kenya opinion poll data sets in order to arrive at a posterior probability statement. The simulation results show that the eventual winner must lead consistently and constantly in at least 60% of the opinions polls. In addition, a candidate demonstrating high variability is more likely to lose the polls.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach
AU  - Jeremiah Kiingati
AU  - Samuel Mwalili
AU  - Anthony Waititu
Y1  - 2020/09/19
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13
T2  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
SP  - 113
EP  - 119
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1891
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13
AB  - In this paper we apply sequential Bayesian approach to compare the outcome of the presidential polls in Kenya. We use the previous polls to form the prior for the current polls. Even though several authors have used non-Bayesian models for countrywide polling data to forecast the outcome of the presidential race we propose a Bayesian approach in this case. As such the question of how to treat the previous and current pre-election polls data is inevitable. Some researchers consider only the most recent poll others Combine all previous polls up the present time and treat it as a single sample, weighting only by sample size, while others Combine all previous polls but adjust the sample size according to a weight function depending on the day the poll is taken. In this paper we apply a sequential Bayesian model (as an advancement of the latter which is time sensitive) where the previous measure is used as the prior of the current measure. Our concern is to model the proportion of votes between two candidates, incumbent and challenger. A Bayesian model of our binomial variable of interest will be applied sequentially to the Kenya opinion poll data sets in order to arrive at a posterior probability statement. The simulation results show that the eventual winner must lead consistently and constantly in at least 60% of the opinions polls. In addition, a candidate demonstrating high variability is more likely to lose the polls.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Jeremiah Kiingati

Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Samuel Mwalili

Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Anthony Waititu

Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya

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APA Style

Jeremiah Kiingati, Samuel Mwalili, Anthony Waititu. (2020). Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach. International Journal of Data Science and Analysis, 6(4), 113-119. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13

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ACS Style

Jeremiah Kiingati; Samuel Mwalili; Anthony Waititu. Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach. Int. J. Data Sci. Anal. 2020, 6(4), 113-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13

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AMA Style

Jeremiah Kiingati, Samuel Mwalili, Anthony Waititu. Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach. Int J Data Sci Anal. 2020;6(4):113-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13,
  author = {Jeremiah Kiingati and Samuel Mwalili and Anthony Waititu},
  title = {Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach},
  journal = {International Journal of Data Science and Analysis},
  volume = {6},
  number = {4},
  pages = {113-119},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijdsa.20200604.13},
  abstract = {In this paper we apply sequential Bayesian approach to compare the outcome of the presidential polls in Kenya. We use the previous polls to form the prior for the current polls. Even though several authors have used non-Bayesian models for countrywide polling data to forecast the outcome of the presidential race we propose a Bayesian approach in this case. As such the question of how to treat the previous and current pre-election polls data is inevitable. Some researchers consider only the most recent poll others Combine all previous polls up the present time and treat it as a single sample, weighting only by sample size, while others Combine all previous polls but adjust the sample size according to a weight function depending on the day the poll is taken. In this paper we apply a sequential Bayesian model (as an advancement of the latter which is time sensitive) where the previous measure is used as the prior of the current measure. Our concern is to model the proportion of votes between two candidates, incumbent and challenger. A Bayesian model of our binomial variable of interest will be applied sequentially to the Kenya opinion poll data sets in order to arrive at a posterior probability statement. The simulation results show that the eventual winner must lead consistently and constantly in at least 60% of the opinions polls. In addition, a candidate demonstrating high variability is more likely to lose the polls.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Sequential Bayesian Analysis of Bernoulli Opinion Polls; a Simulation-Based Approach
AU  - Jeremiah Kiingati
AU  - Samuel Mwalili
AU  - Anthony Waititu
Y1  - 2020/09/19
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13
T2  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Data Science and Analysis
SP  - 113
EP  - 119
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1891
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijdsa.20200604.13
AB  - In this paper we apply sequential Bayesian approach to compare the outcome of the presidential polls in Kenya. We use the previous polls to form the prior for the current polls. Even though several authors have used non-Bayesian models for countrywide polling data to forecast the outcome of the presidential race we propose a Bayesian approach in this case. As such the question of how to treat the previous and current pre-election polls data is inevitable. Some researchers consider only the most recent poll others Combine all previous polls up the present time and treat it as a single sample, weighting only by sample size, while others Combine all previous polls but adjust the sample size according to a weight function depending on the day the poll is taken. In this paper we apply a sequential Bayesian model (as an advancement of the latter which is time sensitive) where the previous measure is used as the prior of the current measure. Our concern is to model the proportion of votes between two candidates, incumbent and challenger. A Bayesian model of our binomial variable of interest will be applied sequentially to the Kenya opinion poll data sets in order to arrive at a posterior probability statement. The simulation results show that the eventual winner must lead consistently and constantly in at least 60% of the opinions polls. In addition, a candidate demonstrating high variability is more likely to lose the polls.
VL  - 6
IS  - 4
ER  -

Copy | Download