Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production

Chika Muhammad; Muhammad Mukhtar; Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin; Musa Usman Dabai; Aliyu Sarkin Baki

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production

Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Mukhtar, Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin, Musa Usman Dabai, Aliyu Sarkin Baki

Received: 23 September 2018 Accepted: 2 January 2019 Published: 29 January 2019

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Abstract

In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm²/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm²/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.

DOI	10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
Published in	American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 1, June 2019)
Page(s)	1-6
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Castor Seed Oil, Soxhlet Extraction, Refining, Physicochemical Properties

References

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APA Style

Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Mukhtar, Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin, Musa Usman Dabai, Aliyu Sarkin Baki. (2019). Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, 3(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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ACS Style

Chika Muhammad; Muhammad Mukhtar; Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin; Musa Usman Dabai; Aliyu Sarkin Baki. Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. Am. J. Chem. Biochem. Eng. 2019, 3(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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AMA Style

Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Mukhtar, Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin, Musa Usman Dabai, Aliyu Sarkin Baki. Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. Am J Chem Biochem Eng. 2019;3(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11,
  author = {Chika Muhammad and Muhammad Mukhtar and Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin and Musa Usman Dabai and Aliyu Sarkin Baki},
  title = {Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
  abstract = {In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm2/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm2/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production
AU  - Chika Muhammad
AU  - Muhammad Mukhtar
AU  - Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin
AU  - Musa Usman Dabai
AU  - Aliyu Sarkin Baki
Y1  - 2019/01/29
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2639-9989
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
AB  - In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm2/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm2/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Chika Muhammad

Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Muhammad Mukhtar

Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
Musa Usman Dabai

Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
Aliyu Sarkin Baki

Department of Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria

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APA Style

Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Mukhtar, Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin, Musa Usman Dabai, Aliyu Sarkin Baki. (2019). Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, 3(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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ACS Style

Chika Muhammad; Muhammad Mukhtar; Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin; Musa Usman Dabai; Aliyu Sarkin Baki. Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. Am. J. Chem. Biochem. Eng. 2019, 3(1), 1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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AMA Style

Chika Muhammad, Muhammad Mukhtar, Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin, Musa Usman Dabai, Aliyu Sarkin Baki. Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production. Am J Chem Biochem Eng. 2019;3(1):1-6. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11,
  author = {Chika Muhammad and Muhammad Mukhtar and Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin and Musa Usman Dabai and Aliyu Sarkin Baki},
  title = {Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production},
  journal = {American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-6},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcbe.20190301.11},
  abstract = {In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm2/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm2/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Assessment of Low Temperature Refining Process of Castor Seed Oil for Biodiesel Production
AU  - Chika Muhammad
AU  - Muhammad Mukhtar
AU  - Muhammad Sabiu Jibrin
AU  - Musa Usman Dabai
AU  - Aliyu Sarkin Baki
Y1  - 2019/01/29
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
T2  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
SP  - 1
EP  - 6
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2639-9989
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcbe.20190301.11
AB  - In recent years research on biodiesel production from non-edible seed oil is receiving more attention to prevent food vs biofuels problems such as starvation in developing countries. Castor seed oil is potential non-edible biodiesel feedstock, but it has high viscosity and high acid value which are among the undesired factors in biodiesel production. The castor seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extraction method, refined using standard analytical methods and its physicochemical properties was determined using ASTM methods. The crude extracts of castor seeds oil which was characterized as high viscous oil, was refined to improve its quality, and physicochemical properties of refined and crude extracts castor seed oil was studies. The crude extracts oil (41.29±1.54%) produce was refined to reduce its high viscosity (233.0±2.00 mm2/s) and acid value (4.488±0.40 mgKOH/g). The viscosity and acid value of the oil significant reduced to 159.0±3.00 mm2/s and 2.805±0.20 mgKOH/g after the refining process. The others physicochemical properties such as flash point, saponification value, iodine value, moisture contents, specific gravity, refractive index, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, pour point and free fatty acids qualities were improved after refining. The study show that refined castor seed oil were more suitable in biodiesel production than crude castor seed oil.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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