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Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Accidents with Exposure to Blood Among Health Professionals in Two Hospitals in the North of Togo

Received: 24 June 2019    Accepted: 14 October 2019    Published: 05 December 2019
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Abstract

Accidents with exposure to blood (AEBs) remain a reality in healthcare settings and are, by their frequency, a major concern for health professionals. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of AEBs history, to identify the types, circumstances and mechanisms of occurrence and to describe the practices of health professionals with respect to AEBs. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of two (02) months (September-October 2018) in two hospitals, the Kara’s teaching hospital and Kara’s regional hospital, both located in the north, 418 kilometers from Lomé, economic capital of Togo. The study population was represented by health professionals practicing in the district pediatrics, surgery, gynecology-obstetrics, emergencies and laboratories of the said centers. Were included in the study health professionals presents and available in the above-mentioned services at the time of the survey. Hospital staff not directly involved in patient care (administrative, mortuary staff, vigils, pharmacy salesmen) were excluded from the study. This research was a descriptive-analytical technique using interviews and questionnaires anonymized and adapted in such a way that it meets our objectives. Methods of data analysis were made using the Sphinx V5 software version 5.1.0.2. The Chi-square statistical test was used to compare the proportions with a significance threshold of 5%. The prevalence of AEBs was estimated at 67.6%. The results show that AEBs were frequent among men compared to women (72.7% vs 58.3%), without significant difference. Age, occupational qualification and seniority in the medical profession were significantly associated to AEBs. The most common mechanism of occurrence was the skin break (89.1%). The equipment or sharp objects handled at the time of the accident were a hollow needle (58.8%), and the most incriminated body fluid was blood (71.7%). AEBs are a reality in health care in Togo with a very high prevalence and concern daily all socio-professional categories especially the nurses and the midwives during the care tasks. Exposure is roughly daily, however, the amount of vaccination coverage in these two hospitals is low. In addition, for health care workers to some dangerous actions, such as disposal of used needles, lack of attention to wearing PPE will be accepted in certain circumstances without risk, it is observed.

DOI 10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11
Published in Journal of Health and Environmental Research (Volume 5, Issue 4, December 2019)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Lack of Education in the Field of Health and Environment in Undeveloped Countries

Page(s) 95-100
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Accident with Exposure to Blood, Prevalence, Healthcare, Togo

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Medicine and Specialties, University of Lome, Lome, Togo; Occupational Health Research and Expertise Unit, Occupational Health Consulting, Lome, Togo

  • Department of Medicine and Specialties, University of Kara, Kara, Togo

  • Department of Medicine and Specialties, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

  • Department of Medicine and Specialties, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

  • Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Lome, Lome, Togo

  • Training and Research Unit in Medical Sciences, University of Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

  • Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

  • Training and Research Unit in Medical Sciences, University of Felix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

  • Faculty of Medicine and Odonto Stomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Wasungu Bassokla Ditorguena, Djalogue Prisca, Agbobli Yawo Apelete, Dadjo Soukouna Francis, Sidy Dia, et al. (2019). Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Accidents with Exposure to Blood Among Health Professionals in Two Hospitals in the North of Togo. Journal of Health and Environmental Research, 5(4), 95-100. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11

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    ACS Style

    Wasungu Bassokla Ditorguena; Djalogue Prisca; Agbobli Yawo Apelete; Dadjo Soukouna Francis; Sidy Dia, et al. Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Accidents with Exposure to Blood Among Health Professionals in Two Hospitals in the North of Togo. J. Health Environ. Res. 2019, 5(4), 95-100. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11

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    AMA Style

    Wasungu Bassokla Ditorguena, Djalogue Prisca, Agbobli Yawo Apelete, Dadjo Soukouna Francis, Sidy Dia, et al. Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Accidents with Exposure to Blood Among Health Professionals in Two Hospitals in the North of Togo. J Health Environ Res. 2019;5(4):95-100. doi: 10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11,
      author = {Wasungu Bassokla Ditorguena and Djalogue Prisca and Agbobli Yawo Apelete and Dadjo Soukouna Francis and Sidy Dia and Mame Coumba Gaye Fall and Ekouevi Koumavi Didier and Wognin Sangah and Ndiaye Mor and Bonny Jean-Sylvain and Sow Mamadou Lamine},
      title = {Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Accidents with Exposure to Blood Among Health Professionals in Two Hospitals in the North of Togo},
      journal = {Journal of Health and Environmental Research},
      volume = {5},
      number = {4},
      pages = {95-100},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jher.20190504.11},
      abstract = {Accidents with exposure to blood (AEBs) remain a reality in healthcare settings and are, by their frequency, a major concern for health professionals. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of AEBs history, to identify the types, circumstances and mechanisms of occurrence and to describe the practices of health professionals with respect to AEBs. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of two (02) months (September-October 2018) in two hospitals, the Kara’s teaching hospital and Kara’s regional hospital, both located in the north, 418 kilometers from Lomé, economic capital of Togo. The study population was represented by health professionals practicing in the district pediatrics, surgery, gynecology-obstetrics, emergencies and laboratories of the said centers. Were included in the study health professionals presents and available in the above-mentioned services at the time of the survey. Hospital staff not directly involved in patient care (administrative, mortuary staff, vigils, pharmacy salesmen) were excluded from the study. This research was a descriptive-analytical technique using interviews and questionnaires anonymized and adapted in such a way that it meets our objectives. Methods of data analysis were made using the Sphinx V5 software version 5.1.0.2. The Chi-square statistical test was used to compare the proportions with a significance threshold of 5%. The prevalence of AEBs was estimated at 67.6%. The results show that AEBs were frequent among men compared to women (72.7% vs 58.3%), without significant difference. Age, occupational qualification and seniority in the medical profession were significantly associated to AEBs. The most common mechanism of occurrence was the skin break (89.1%). The equipment or sharp objects handled at the time of the accident were a hollow needle (58.8%), and the most incriminated body fluid was blood (71.7%). AEBs are a reality in health care in Togo with a very high prevalence and concern daily all socio-professional categories especially the nurses and the midwives during the care tasks. Exposure is roughly daily, however, the amount of vaccination coverage in these two hospitals is low. In addition, for health care workers to some dangerous actions, such as disposal of used needles, lack of attention to wearing PPE will be accepted in certain circumstances without risk, it is observed.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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    T1  - Prevalence and Epidemiological Profile of Accidents with Exposure to Blood Among Health Professionals in Two Hospitals in the North of Togo
    AU  - Wasungu Bassokla Ditorguena
    AU  - Djalogue Prisca
    AU  - Agbobli Yawo Apelete
    AU  - Dadjo Soukouna Francis
    AU  - Sidy Dia
    AU  - Mame Coumba Gaye Fall
    AU  - Ekouevi Koumavi Didier
    AU  - Wognin Sangah
    AU  - Ndiaye Mor
    AU  - Bonny Jean-Sylvain
    AU  - Sow Mamadou Lamine
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11
    T2  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
    JF  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
    JO  - Journal of Health and Environmental Research
    SP  - 95
    EP  - 100
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2472-3592
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jher.20190504.11
    AB  - Accidents with exposure to blood (AEBs) remain a reality in healthcare settings and are, by their frequency, a major concern for health professionals. This study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of AEBs history, to identify the types, circumstances and mechanisms of occurrence and to describe the practices of health professionals with respect to AEBs. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of two (02) months (September-October 2018) in two hospitals, the Kara’s teaching hospital and Kara’s regional hospital, both located in the north, 418 kilometers from Lomé, economic capital of Togo. The study population was represented by health professionals practicing in the district pediatrics, surgery, gynecology-obstetrics, emergencies and laboratories of the said centers. Were included in the study health professionals presents and available in the above-mentioned services at the time of the survey. Hospital staff not directly involved in patient care (administrative, mortuary staff, vigils, pharmacy salesmen) were excluded from the study. This research was a descriptive-analytical technique using interviews and questionnaires anonymized and adapted in such a way that it meets our objectives. Methods of data analysis were made using the Sphinx V5 software version 5.1.0.2. The Chi-square statistical test was used to compare the proportions with a significance threshold of 5%. The prevalence of AEBs was estimated at 67.6%. The results show that AEBs were frequent among men compared to women (72.7% vs 58.3%), without significant difference. Age, occupational qualification and seniority in the medical profession were significantly associated to AEBs. The most common mechanism of occurrence was the skin break (89.1%). The equipment or sharp objects handled at the time of the accident were a hollow needle (58.8%), and the most incriminated body fluid was blood (71.7%). AEBs are a reality in health care in Togo with a very high prevalence and concern daily all socio-professional categories especially the nurses and the midwives during the care tasks. Exposure is roughly daily, however, the amount of vaccination coverage in these two hospitals is low. In addition, for health care workers to some dangerous actions, such as disposal of used needles, lack of attention to wearing PPE will be accepted in certain circumstances without risk, it is observed.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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