A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats

Muhamed Faizal; Aijaz Ahmed Khan

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12

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A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats

Muhamed Faizal, Aijaz Ahmed Khan

Published in International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 4)

Received: 31 July 2017 Accepted: 18 August 2017 Published: 26 September 2017

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Abstract

Long standing hyperglycemia is generally associated with a decline in the chemical senses including smell due to its unfavorable destructive effects on the small sized neurons of the Olfactory bulb (OB). Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on OB of albino rats. To detect a possible change on the olfactory bulb during hyperglycemia, 36 albino rats were divided into six groups of six rats each and were designated as control, two week, one month, two month, four month and six month respectively. Diabetes was induced with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ-60 mg/kg, IP). The inductions of diabetes were confirmed by measuring the blood glucose levels in the tail blood with a Glucometer. At the end of each experimental period animals were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia and blood samples were collected by direct puncture of heart for biochemical analysis. Animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. After two days tissue specimen were collected and processed for light microscopic studies. Biochemical analysis of serum revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of OB revealed that the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with noticeable decreased diameter of OB glomeruli, decrease diameter of mitral cells and thickening of supporting connective tissue around the OB and blood vessels. It is concluded that the association of the long-standing hyperglycemia with frequent occurrence of hypercellular glomeruli and misplaced mitral cells, decreased diameter of OB glomeruli and mitral cells, subtle laminar disarray and added deposition of collagen fibers around OB and blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors responsible for the derangement of olfactory function in diabetics.

Published in	International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12
Page(s)	47-56
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Collagen, Diabetes, Glomeruli, Mitral Cells, Olfactory Bulb, STZ-Induced

References

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APA Style

Muhamed Faizal, Aijaz Ahmed Khan. (2017). A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences, 3(4), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12

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ACS Style

Muhamed Faizal; Aijaz Ahmed Khan. A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. Sci. 2017, 3(4), 47-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12

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AMA Style

Muhamed Faizal, Aijaz Ahmed Khan. A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats. Int J Clin Exp Med Sci. 2017;3(4):47-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12,
  author = {Muhamed Faizal and Aijaz Ahmed Khan},
  title = {A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {47-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcems.20170304.12},
  abstract = {Long standing hyperglycemia is generally associated with a decline in the chemical senses including smell due to its unfavorable destructive effects on the small sized neurons of the Olfactory bulb (OB). Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on OB of albino rats. To detect a possible change on the olfactory bulb during hyperglycemia, 36 albino rats were divided into six groups of six rats each and were designated as control, two week, one month, two month, four month and six month respectively. Diabetes was induced with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ-60 mg/kg, IP). The inductions of diabetes were confirmed by measuring the blood glucose levels in the tail blood with a Glucometer. At the end of each experimental period animals were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia and blood samples were collected by direct puncture of heart for biochemical analysis. Animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. After two days tissue specimen were collected and processed for light microscopic studies. Biochemical analysis of serum revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of OB revealed that the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with noticeable decreased diameter of OB glomeruli, decrease diameter of mitral cells and thickening of supporting connective tissue around the OB and blood vessels. It is concluded that the association of the long-standing hyperglycemia with frequent occurrence of hypercellular glomeruli and misplaced mitral cells, decreased diameter of OB glomeruli and mitral cells, subtle laminar disarray and added deposition of collagen fibers around OB and blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors responsible for the derangement of olfactory function in diabetics.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats
AU  - Muhamed Faizal
AU  - Aijaz Ahmed Khan
Y1  - 2017/09/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12
T2  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
SP  - 47
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8032
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12
AB  - Long standing hyperglycemia is generally associated with a decline in the chemical senses including smell due to its unfavorable destructive effects on the small sized neurons of the Olfactory bulb (OB). Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on OB of albino rats. To detect a possible change on the olfactory bulb during hyperglycemia, 36 albino rats were divided into six groups of six rats each and were designated as control, two week, one month, two month, four month and six month respectively. Diabetes was induced with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ-60 mg/kg, IP). The inductions of diabetes were confirmed by measuring the blood glucose levels in the tail blood with a Glucometer. At the end of each experimental period animals were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia and blood samples were collected by direct puncture of heart for biochemical analysis. Animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. After two days tissue specimen were collected and processed for light microscopic studies. Biochemical analysis of serum revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of OB revealed that the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with noticeable decreased diameter of OB glomeruli, decrease diameter of mitral cells and thickening of supporting connective tissue around the OB and blood vessels. It is concluded that the association of the long-standing hyperglycemia with frequent occurrence of hypercellular glomeruli and misplaced mitral cells, decreased diameter of OB glomeruli and mitral cells, subtle laminar disarray and added deposition of collagen fibers around OB and blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors responsible for the derangement of olfactory function in diabetics.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Muhamed Faizal

Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
Aijaz Ahmed Khan

Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

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APA Style

Muhamed Faizal, Aijaz Ahmed Khan. (2017). A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences, 3(4), 47-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12

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ACS Style

Muhamed Faizal; Aijaz Ahmed Khan. A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. Sci. 2017, 3(4), 47-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12

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AMA Style

Muhamed Faizal, Aijaz Ahmed Khan. A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats. Int J Clin Exp Med Sci. 2017;3(4):47-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12,
  author = {Muhamed Faizal and Aijaz Ahmed Khan},
  title = {A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats},
  journal = {International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences},
  volume = {3},
  number = {4},
  pages = {47-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcems.20170304.12},
  abstract = {Long standing hyperglycemia is generally associated with a decline in the chemical senses including smell due to its unfavorable destructive effects on the small sized neurons of the Olfactory bulb (OB). Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on OB of albino rats. To detect a possible change on the olfactory bulb during hyperglycemia, 36 albino rats were divided into six groups of six rats each and were designated as control, two week, one month, two month, four month and six month respectively. Diabetes was induced with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ-60 mg/kg, IP). The inductions of diabetes were confirmed by measuring the blood glucose levels in the tail blood with a Glucometer. At the end of each experimental period animals were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia and blood samples were collected by direct puncture of heart for biochemical analysis. Animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. After two days tissue specimen were collected and processed for light microscopic studies. Biochemical analysis of serum revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of OB revealed that the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with noticeable decreased diameter of OB glomeruli, decrease diameter of mitral cells and thickening of supporting connective tissue around the OB and blood vessels. It is concluded that the association of the long-standing hyperglycemia with frequent occurrence of hypercellular glomeruli and misplaced mitral cells, decreased diameter of OB glomeruli and mitral cells, subtle laminar disarray and added deposition of collagen fibers around OB and blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors responsible for the derangement of olfactory function in diabetics.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Histomorphological Study on the Olfactory Bulb of Diabetic Albino Rats
AU  - Muhamed Faizal
AU  - Aijaz Ahmed Khan
Y1  - 2017/09/26
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12
T2  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medical Sciences
SP  - 47
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2469-8032
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcems.20170304.12
AB  - Long standing hyperglycemia is generally associated with a decline in the chemical senses including smell due to its unfavorable destructive effects on the small sized neurons of the Olfactory bulb (OB). Accordingly, the current study was aimed to analyze the effect of experimental hyperglycemia on OB of albino rats. To detect a possible change on the olfactory bulb during hyperglycemia, 36 albino rats were divided into six groups of six rats each and were designated as control, two week, one month, two month, four month and six month respectively. Diabetes was induced with single dose of streptozotocin (STZ-60 mg/kg, IP). The inductions of diabetes were confirmed by measuring the blood glucose levels in the tail blood with a Glucometer. At the end of each experimental period animals were euthanized by deep ether anesthesia and blood samples were collected by direct puncture of heart for biochemical analysis. Animals were perfused with Karnovsky fixative. After two days tissue specimen were collected and processed for light microscopic studies. Biochemical analysis of serum revealed increased serum creatinine and reduced serum total protein. Histopathology and histomorphometry of OB revealed that the progressively increasing duration of hyperglycemia was associated with noticeable decreased diameter of OB glomeruli, decrease diameter of mitral cells and thickening of supporting connective tissue around the OB and blood vessels. It is concluded that the association of the long-standing hyperglycemia with frequent occurrence of hypercellular glomeruli and misplaced mitral cells, decreased diameter of OB glomeruli and mitral cells, subtle laminar disarray and added deposition of collagen fibers around OB and blood vessels appear to be important contributing factors responsible for the derangement of olfactory function in diabetics.
VL  - 3
IS  - 4
ER  -

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