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Empowerment Strategies and Poverty Reduction in Bayelsa State: A Non-Parametric Approach

Received: 22 December 2017    Accepted: 15 January 2018    Published: 21 March 2018
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Abstract

The incidence of poverty in Nigeria is rising despite a plethora of anti-poverty programmes and huge public expenditure. The objective of this study is to evaluate the extent and impact of three major empowerment strategies in the war against poverty namely social mobilization, skill development and capital formation in Bayelsa State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey of Bayelsa State using structured and semi-structured questionnaire to collect primary data from 380 indigenous adult spread across 40 communities. The data was measured on the basis of the modified four points Likert scale and analysed using percentage and mean. The results depicted that social mobilization as a strategy is not used in reaching the poor. The implication is that to a great extent the impact of anti-poverty interventions do not get to the poor. The skill development programme although relevant and practical in approach has benefited only a limited number of people due mainly to hoarding of information, urban-biased, and nepotism. The participants are rarely supported with starter pack, tools, or finance. Procedure and requirement for obtaining business loan are tedious and fraught with nepotism. The empowerment programme has not resulted in capital formation and has not enhanced income of beneficiaries. It concluded that not sufficient resources are committed to these strategies. Therefore, increased use of the empowerment strategies will reduce poverty in Bayelsa State and Nigeria at large.

Published in American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11
Page(s) 1-5
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Poverty, Empowerment, Social Mobilization, Skill Development, Capital Formation

References
[1] Tamuno, S. O. (2013). A Collection of Selected Works on Development Issues in Nigeria. Port Harcourt: Havey Publications Coy.
[2] Obadan, M. I. (2003). Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: The Way Forward. CBN Economic Review, Vol. 39, No. 4.
[3] Odigwe, W. D. (2002). Poverty Alleviation: The Nigerian Experience and the Way Forward. Management in Nigeria, Journal of NIM, Vol. 38 No. 3: pp 14–22.
[4] Ibru C. A. O. Poverty Alleviation From The Grassroots: Modalities, Prospects And Problems A paper presented at the 6th Bankers’ Conference Organised by the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria. September 2000.
[5] Mankiw, N. G. (2009). Principles of Economics. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning.
[6] Mankiw, N. G. (2009). Principles of Economics. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning.
[7] Murthy R. B, Raju K. & Kamath A. (2003). Towards Women Empowerment and Poverty Reduction: Lessons from the participatory Impact Assessment of South Asian Poverty Alleviation Programme in Andhra Pradesh, India.
[8] Oladeji, S. I. (2012). Lecturer Note on Definition of Measurement of Poverty. Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolawo University Ile-ife.
[9] Todaro, M. P. (1982). Economics for a Developing World. Longman Group Limited, Essex, UK.
[10] Nwosu, E. J. (2002). The Challenge of Poverty in Africa. Owerri: Skillmark Media Ltd.
[11] Tamuno, S. O. (2013). A Collection of Selected Works on Development Issues in Nigeria. Port Harcourt: Havey Publications Coy.
[12] Sachs, J. D. (2005). The End of Poverty. London: Penguin Books.
[13] Murthy R. B, Raju K. & Kamath A. (2003). Towards Women Empowerment and Poverty Reduction: Lessons from the participatory Impact Assessment of South Asian Poverty Alleviation Programme in Andhra Pradesh, India.
[14] Rappaport, J. (1981). In Praise of Paradox. A Social Policy of Empowerment over Prevention. American Journal of Community Psychology, Vol. 9 (1), 1–25 (13).
[15] Murthy R. B, Raju K. & Kamath A. (2003). Towards Women Empowerment and Poverty Reduction: Lessons from the participatory Impact Assessment of South Asian Poverty Alleviation Programme in Andhra Pradesh, India.
[16] www.unicef.org.
[17] Sindh Rural Support Organisation (SRSO) (2003). www.srso.org.pk.
[18] Business: The Ultimate Resource (2006). Basic Books, A & C Black Publishers Ltd.
[19] Mankiw, N. G. (2009). Principles of Economics. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning.
[20] Hall, R. E & Lieberman (2005). Microeconomics: Principles and Applications. Thomson: South- Western.
[21] Wonnacott, P. & Wonnacott, R. (1983). Economics. Mc Graw- Hill, Inc. Auckland.
[22] Naanen, B. B. (2015), The Prosperity and Poverty of Nations: Using Global Models to Explain and Mitigate Underdevelopment in Nigeria. University of Port Harcourt. Inaugural Lecture Series. No. 119.
[23] Mankiw, N. G. (2009). Principles of Economics. Mason: South-Western Cengage Learning.
[24] Ikegwu E. M, Ajiboye Y. O, Aromolaran A. D, Ayodeji A. A. & Okorafor U. (2014). Human.
[25] Empowerment Through Skill Acquisition: Issues, Impacts and Consequences–A Non-Parametric View. Journal of Poverty, Investment and Development- An Open Access International Journal. Vol. 52014.
[26] Idoko, C. U. (2014). Skill Acquisition and Youth Empowerment in Nigeria. Global Journal of Commerce and Management Perspective (www.gifre.org), Vol. 3 (1): 51–54.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Peter Fiderikumo, Samson Bredino, Adedoyin Adesuji. (2018). Empowerment Strategies and Poverty Reduction in Bayelsa State: A Non-Parametric Approach. American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics, 3(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11

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    ACS Style

    Peter Fiderikumo; Samson Bredino; Adedoyin Adesuji. Empowerment Strategies and Poverty Reduction in Bayelsa State: A Non-Parametric Approach. Am. J. Environ. Resour. Econ. 2018, 3(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11

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    AMA Style

    Peter Fiderikumo, Samson Bredino, Adedoyin Adesuji. Empowerment Strategies and Poverty Reduction in Bayelsa State: A Non-Parametric Approach. Am J Environ Resour Econ. 2018;3(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11,
      author = {Peter Fiderikumo and Samson Bredino and Adedoyin Adesuji},
      title = {Empowerment Strategies and Poverty Reduction in Bayelsa State: A Non-Parametric Approach},
      journal = {American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-5},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajere.20180301.11},
      abstract = {The incidence of poverty in Nigeria is rising despite a plethora of anti-poverty programmes and huge public expenditure. The objective of this study is to evaluate the extent and impact of three major empowerment strategies in the war against poverty namely social mobilization, skill development and capital formation in Bayelsa State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey of Bayelsa State using structured and semi-structured questionnaire to collect primary data from 380 indigenous adult spread across 40 communities. The data was measured on the basis of the modified four points Likert scale and analysed using percentage and mean. The results depicted that social mobilization as a strategy is not used in reaching the poor. The implication is that to a great extent the impact of anti-poverty interventions do not get to the poor. The skill development programme although relevant and practical in approach has benefited only a limited number of people due mainly to hoarding of information, urban-biased, and nepotism. The participants are rarely supported with starter pack, tools, or finance. Procedure and requirement for obtaining business loan are tedious and fraught with nepotism. The empowerment programme has not resulted in capital formation and has not enhanced income of beneficiaries. It concluded that not sufficient resources are committed to these strategies. Therefore, increased use of the empowerment strategies will reduce poverty in Bayelsa State and Nigeria at large.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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    AU  - Peter Fiderikumo
    AU  - Samson Bredino
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    T2  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
    JF  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
    JO  - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20180301.11
    AB  - The incidence of poverty in Nigeria is rising despite a plethora of anti-poverty programmes and huge public expenditure. The objective of this study is to evaluate the extent and impact of three major empowerment strategies in the war against poverty namely social mobilization, skill development and capital formation in Bayelsa State. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey of Bayelsa State using structured and semi-structured questionnaire to collect primary data from 380 indigenous adult spread across 40 communities. The data was measured on the basis of the modified four points Likert scale and analysed using percentage and mean. The results depicted that social mobilization as a strategy is not used in reaching the poor. The implication is that to a great extent the impact of anti-poverty interventions do not get to the poor. The skill development programme although relevant and practical in approach has benefited only a limited number of people due mainly to hoarding of information, urban-biased, and nepotism. The participants are rarely supported with starter pack, tools, or finance. Procedure and requirement for obtaining business loan are tedious and fraught with nepotism. The empowerment programme has not resulted in capital formation and has not enhanced income of beneficiaries. It concluded that not sufficient resources are committed to these strategies. Therefore, increased use of the empowerment strategies will reduce poverty in Bayelsa State and Nigeria at large.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1
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Author Information
  • Department of Banking and Finance, Bayelsa State College of Arts and Science, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

  • Economics Department, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

  • Petroleum and Gas Engineering Department, University of Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

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