Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018

Gina Henny Kristianti; I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba; Dewi Sutriani Mahalini; I Wayan Gustawan; I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018

Gina Henny Kristianti, I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba, Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, I Wayan Gustawan, I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama

Published in Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 22 June 2020 Accepted: 14 July 2020 Published: 28 July 2020

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Abstract

Periodic review from laboratory about the pathogens causing the bacterial meningitis and its antimicrobial sensitivity test result is important to determine the most common etiology of meningitis, since they can be varied according to time, geography, and patient’s age. This study is a retrospective descriptive study. Affordable population in this study was children with positive cerebrospinal fluid culture results who were treated in Pediatric ward at Sanglah hospital, Denpasar from January 1st, 2016 until December 31st, 2018. The study used secondary data from the microbiology register in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and medical record of Sanglah Hospital. This study employed total sampling method to collect samples. There were 52 samples that obtained in this study. Most of them were gram negative bacteria (53.8%). The most common gram negative bacteria found were Pseudomonas sp, with Pseudomonas stutzeri. The most common gram positive bacteria found were Staphylococcus sp, with Staphylococcus hemolitikus. Vancomycin, Linezolid and Tigecyclin have high sensitivity against gram positive bacteria. Carbapenem, aminoglycoside and fourth generation of cephalosporine still had high sensitivity against gram negative bacteria. About 26.9% of bacterias were multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) and most of them (78.6%) were gram positive. Ceftriaxone as our empirical therapy has low sensitivity (30%) to gram positive bacteria and moderate sensitivity to gram negative bacteria (53.57%). Resistance to cephalosporin might be quite high in this particular clinical setting due to high number of MDRO. It should be taken into account before giving treatment for bacterial meningitis.

Published in	Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12
Page(s)	51-56
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bacterial Meningitis, Culture Sensitivity, Children

References

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Gina Henny Kristianti, I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba, Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, I Wayan Gustawan, I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama. (2020). Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018. Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience, 4(3), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

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ACS Style

Gina Henny Kristianti; I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba; Dewi Sutriani Mahalini; I Wayan Gustawan; I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama. Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018. Clin. Neurol. Neurosci. 2020, 4(3), 51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

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AMA Style

Gina Henny Kristianti, I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba, Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, I Wayan Gustawan, I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama. Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018. Clin Neurol Neurosci. 2020;4(3):51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

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@article{10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12,
  author = {Gina Henny Kristianti and I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba and Dewi Sutriani Mahalini and I Wayan Gustawan and I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama},
  title = {Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018},
  journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {51-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cnn.20200403.12},
  abstract = {Periodic review from laboratory about the pathogens causing the bacterial meningitis and its antimicrobial sensitivity test result is important to determine the most common etiology of meningitis, since they can be varied according to time, geography, and patient’s age. This study is a retrospective descriptive study. Affordable population in this study was children with positive cerebrospinal fluid culture results who were treated in Pediatric ward at Sanglah hospital, Denpasar from January 1st, 2016 until December 31st, 2018. The study used secondary data from the microbiology register in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and medical record of Sanglah Hospital. This study employed total sampling method to collect samples. There were 52 samples that obtained in this study. Most of them were gram negative bacteria (53.8%). The most common gram negative bacteria found were Pseudomonas sp, with Pseudomonas stutzeri. The most common gram positive bacteria found were Staphylococcus sp, with Staphylococcus hemolitikus. Vancomycin, Linezolid and Tigecyclin have high sensitivity against gram positive bacteria. Carbapenem, aminoglycoside and fourth generation of cephalosporine still had high sensitivity against gram negative bacteria. About 26.9% of bacterias were multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) and most of them (78.6%) were gram positive. Ceftriaxone as our empirical therapy has low sensitivity (30%) to gram positive bacteria and moderate sensitivity to gram negative bacteria (53.57%). Resistance to cephalosporin might be quite high in this particular clinical setting due to high number of MDRO. It should be taken into account before giving treatment for bacterial meningitis.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018
AU - Gina Henny Kristianti
AU - I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba
AU - Dewi Sutriani Mahalini
AU - I Wayan Gustawan
AU - I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama
Y1 - 2020/07/28
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12
DO - 10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12
T2 - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
JF - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
JO - Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience
SP - 51
EP - 56
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2578-8930
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12
AB - Periodic review from laboratory about the pathogens causing the bacterial meningitis and its antimicrobial sensitivity test result is important to determine the most common etiology of meningitis, since they can be varied according to time, geography, and patient’s age. This study is a retrospective descriptive study. Affordable population in this study was children with positive cerebrospinal fluid culture results who were treated in Pediatric ward at Sanglah hospital, Denpasar from January 1st, 2016 until December 31st, 2018. The study used secondary data from the microbiology register in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and medical record of Sanglah Hospital. This study employed total sampling method to collect samples. There were 52 samples that obtained in this study. Most of them were gram negative bacteria (53.8%). The most common gram negative bacteria found were Pseudomonas sp, with Pseudomonas stutzeri. The most common gram positive bacteria found were Staphylococcus sp, with Staphylococcus hemolitikus. Vancomycin, Linezolid and Tigecyclin have high sensitivity against gram positive bacteria. Carbapenem, aminoglycoside and fourth generation of cephalosporine still had high sensitivity against gram negative bacteria. About 26.9% of bacterias were multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) and most of them (78.6%) were gram positive. Ceftriaxone as our empirical therapy has low sensitivity (30%) to gram positive bacteria and moderate sensitivity to gram negative bacteria (53.57%). Resistance to cephalosporin might be quite high in this particular clinical setting due to high number of MDRO. It should be taken into account before giving treatment for bacterial meningitis.
VL - 4
IS - 3
ER -

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Author Information

Gina Henny Kristianti

Department of Child Health, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba

Department of Child Health, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
Dewi Sutriani Mahalini

Department of Child Health, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
I Wayan Gustawan

Department of Child Health, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia
I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama

Department of Child Health, Medical Faculty of Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia

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APA Style

Gina Henny Kristianti, I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba, Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, I Wayan Gustawan, I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama. (2020). Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018. Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience, 4(3), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

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ACS Style

Gina Henny Kristianti; I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba; Dewi Sutriani Mahalini; I Wayan Gustawan; I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama. Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018. Clin. Neurol. Neurosci. 2020, 4(3), 51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

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AMA Style

Gina Henny Kristianti, I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba, Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, I Wayan Gustawan, I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama. Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018. Clin Neurol Neurosci. 2020;4(3):51-56. doi: 10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

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@article{10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12,
  author = {Gina Henny Kristianti and I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba and Dewi Sutriani Mahalini and I Wayan Gustawan and I Made Gede Dwi Lingga Utama},
  title = {Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018},
  journal = {Clinical Neurology and Neuroscience},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {51-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cnn.20200403.12},
  abstract = {Periodic review from laboratory about the pathogens causing the bacterial meningitis and its antimicrobial sensitivity test result is important to determine the most common etiology of meningitis, since they can be varied according to time, geography, and patient’s age. This study is a retrospective descriptive study. Affordable population in this study was children with positive cerebrospinal fluid culture results who were treated in Pediatric ward at Sanglah hospital, Denpasar from January 1st, 2016 until December 31st, 2018. The study used secondary data from the microbiology register in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and medical record of Sanglah Hospital. This study employed total sampling method to collect samples. There were 52 samples that obtained in this study. Most of them were gram negative bacteria (53.8%). The most common gram negative bacteria found were Pseudomonas sp, with Pseudomonas stutzeri. The most common gram positive bacteria found were Staphylococcus sp, with Staphylococcus hemolitikus. Vancomycin, Linezolid and Tigecyclin have high sensitivity against gram positive bacteria. Carbapenem, aminoglycoside and fourth generation of cephalosporine still had high sensitivity against gram negative bacteria. About 26.9% of bacterias were multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) and most of them (78.6%) were gram positive. Ceftriaxone as our empirical therapy has low sensitivity (30%) to gram positive bacteria and moderate sensitivity to gram negative bacteria (53.57%). Resistance to cephalosporin might be quite high in this particular clinical setting due to high number of MDRO. It should be taken into account before giving treatment for bacterial meningitis.},
 year = {2020}
}

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