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Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model

Received: 22 November 2016     Published: 24 November 2016
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Abstract

Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.

Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 4, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
Page(s) 204-211
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Inhalable Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers, Rat, Silica Particle, Silicosis, Saline Water

References
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Wen-Chuan Li, Nai-Fang Fu, Jun-Cai Wu, Xian-Jun Li, Rui-Hui Pan, et al. (2016). Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 4(6), 204-211. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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    ACS Style

    Wen-Chuan Li; Nai-Fang Fu; Jun-Cai Wu; Xian-Jun Li; Rui-Hui Pan, et al. Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2016, 4(6), 204-211. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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    AMA Style

    Wen-Chuan Li, Nai-Fang Fu, Jun-Cai Wu, Xian-Jun Li, Rui-Hui Pan, et al. Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2016;4(6):204-211. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18,
      author = {Wen-Chuan Li and Nai-Fang Fu and Jun-Cai Wu and Xian-Jun Li and Rui-Hui Pan and Yan-Yan Zheng and Yong-Jin Gan and Jian-An Ling and Heng-Qiu Liang and Dan-Yu Liang and Jing Xie and Zhi-Chao Dong and Sheng-Jun Jiang},
      title = {Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model},
      journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
      volume = {4},
      number = {6},
      pages = {204-211},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20160406.18},
      abstract = {Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Inhalation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofibers Facilitates Silica Particle Clearance in a Rat Silicosis Model
    AU  - Wen-Chuan Li
    AU  - Nai-Fang Fu
    AU  - Jun-Cai Wu
    AU  - Xian-Jun Li
    AU  - Rui-Hui Pan
    AU  - Yan-Yan Zheng
    AU  - Yong-Jin Gan
    AU  - Jian-An Ling
    AU  - Heng-Qiu Liang
    AU  - Dan-Yu Liang
    AU  - Jing Xie
    AU  - Zhi-Chao Dong
    AU  - Sheng-Jun Jiang
    Y1  - 2016/11/24
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
    T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
    SP  - 204
    EP  - 211
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8133
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20160406.18
    AB  - Background: Millions of workers globally are afflicted by pneumoconiosis, a disease caused by inhaling dust or particles. A particularly prevalent form is silicosis, caused by inhaling silica particles. The Chinese herbal medicine kombucha, which contains Gluconacetobacter xylinus and yeasts, can effectively clear dust from rats’ lungs. The study presented here assessed the potential effectiveness of inhalable bacterial cellulose nanofibers (IBCNs) prepared from G. xylinus cultures for facilitating clearance of silica particles in a rat silicosis model. Methods: For this purpose, 50 mg portions of silica dust were injected into lungs of rats, which were subsequently exposed to IBCNs for a month. The treatment’s effects were then evaluated by examining the extent and severity of histopathological lesions in the animals’ lungs, analyzing gas contents of blood samples, and determining organ coefficients, lung collagen contents, lungs’ dry and wet weights, silica particle clearance rates, and both numbers and types of cells in lung lavage fluid. Results: IBCN inhalation was found to relieve the detrimental effects of silica exposure and facilitated silica particle clearance in a rat silicosis model. Unexpectedly, our results also indicated that saline inhalation also strongly stimulates silica particle clearance from rat lungs. Conclusions: These results provide the first evidence for a functional effect of IBCN inhalation in a rat silicosis model, indicating that bacterial cellulose nanofiber inhalation can facilitate silica particle clearance. Further studies are required to determine whether these effects are mediated by IBCN and define the mechanisms involved. The findings also indicate that salt water may effectively clear dust from lungs, thereby alleviating risks of silicosis and reducing risks associated with haze and smog.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Graduate College of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, China

  • Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Danzhou, China

  • Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Danzhou, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Institute for Chemical Toxicity Testing, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Academy for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease, Nanning, China

  • Tropical Crop Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Science, Danzhou, China

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