| Peer-Reviewed

Acceptance of Long Acting Contraceptive Methods and Associated Factors among Women in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia

Received: 7 July 2014     Accepted: 18 July 2014     Published: 30 July 2014
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Background: Long acting reversible contraceptives are family planning methods that prevent unwanted pregnancy for at least three years and when removed return of fertility is prompt. It includes the intrauterine device and contraceptive implants. Despite the effectiveness and reversibility of fertility, the acceptance and utilization of long acting reversible contraceptive were very low in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Even though the optimal use of long-acting reversible contraception is a good strategy for reducing unintended pregnancy, acceptability to long acting reversible contraceptive is fundamental to effective and continuous use. Objective: This study was aimed to assess the acceptance of long acting reversible contraceptive methods and factors associated with it among women of reproductive age. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from February to march 2013. Among 348 family planning users and systematic sampling method was used to select the study participants. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate analysis was employed to determine predictors of acceptability of long acting contraceptives and variables which were found to be significant at P - values < 0.05 in bivariate analysis were taken to multivariate logistic regression to see the independent effects of the factors on the acceptability of long acting contraceptives. Result: The acceptability of long acting reversible contraceptive was 16.4%. The main reasons mentioned for not accepting long acting reversible contraceptive was developing side effects 128 (44.8%), and fear of infertility after use 117(40.9%). More than half 181 (52.9%) of the women had a non-supportive attitude towards long acting contraceptives. Mothers who had a supportive attitude towards long acting reversible contraceptive was the only independent predictors of acceptability of long acting contraceptive (AOR=2, 95% CI (1.084, 3.75). Conclusions: The acceptance of long acting reversible contraceptives was very low. Supportive attitude towards long acting contraceptives was the only factors that affect acceptance of long acting contraceptive.

Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27
Page(s) 349-355
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2014. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Acceptance, Long Acting Contraceptive, Tigray, Ethiopia

References
[1] Population Reference Bureau, World Population Highlights: Key findings from PRB’S 2009, World Population Data Sheet, Sep. 2009. 64(3).Available: http://www.prb.org/pdf 09/64.3 highlights.pdf (accessed April 2013)
[2] Glassier.A, Historical perspective contraception past and future, Lothian Primary Care NHS Trust and University of Edinburgh, 2002. Available: www.nature.com/fertility,contraception past and future Edinburg (accessed Feb. 2012)
[3] The clare bale consultancy, long acting reversible contraceptive consumer research report, Wolverhampton, England, March 2009. Available: www.askforlarc.nhs.uk/Larc consumer research report Wolverhampton (accessed march 2013)
[4] Pile. M, Ndede. F, Ndong. I, Jacobstein. R, Johri. N, Investing in the future- The case for long acting and permanent contraception in sub-Saharan Africa, December 2007, 10-14. Available: http://www.acquireproject.org/investinfpandlamps/investinginthefuture.pdf (accessed 10-14 Feb. 2013)
[5] Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, Addis-Ababa, Ethiopia, CSAE’ March 2012. Available: http://ethiopia.usaid.gov demographic and health survey Addis Ababa.Pdf (accessed march 2013)
[6] WHO. WHO joins call for renewed focus on Family Planning, Geneva, Switzerland, 11 July 2012. Brown. Available: http://www.who.int. Global health Europe, WHO joins call for renewed focus on Family Planning, Geneva, Switzerland (accessed 11 Feb. 2013)
[7] West off. F, Koffman. D, Birth spacing and limiting connections, Dhs Analytical Studies 21, September 2010. Available: www.measuredhs.comdhs analytical studies number 21, birth spacing and limiting connections Calverton, Maryland, USA: ICF Macro (accessed Feb 2013)
[8] Rahman. M, A potential contraceptive method mix for Ethiopian family planning program, 2011. Available: http://uaps2011.princeton.edu (accessesd Feb. 2012).
[9] Glasier. A, Scorer. J, Bigrigg. A, attitudes of women in Scotland to contraception: a qualitative study to explore the acceptability of long-acting methods, Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care 2008; 34(4): 213-218.
[10] Babalola. S, John. N, factors underlying the use of long acting and permanent family planning methods in Nigeria: The Respond Project, August 2012, number 5. Available:http://www.respondproject.org/pages/files/6-pubs/researchreports/study5-usedy namicsstudyNigeria. (Accessed Feb. 2012).
[11] RCOG, The effective and appropriate use of long-acting reversible contraception, London, UK, RCOG, 2005. Available: www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov effective and appropriate use of long acting reversible contraceptive, London (accessed Feb. 2012).
[12] Brown. L, Growth in world contraceptive use stalling, March 27, 2012. Available: http://www.treehugger.com/health/ growth in world contraceptive use stalling (accessed march 27, 2013).
[13] Hartman. L, Shafor. M, Pollack. L, Wibblesman. C, Chang. F, parent acceptability of contraceptive methods offered to their teen during a confidential health care visit, sex transm infect July 2011, 87(1).
[14] Central Statistical Agency (CSA) and ORC Macro (2006). Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2005 (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Calverton, USA: Central Statistical AgencyandORCMacro). Available:http://books.google.com.et/booksidzUZDdjyt7BMC&pgCentralStatisticalAgency(CSA)andORCMacro(2006).EthiopiaDemographicandHealthSurvey(DHS)2005(AddisAbaba).pdf (accessed march 2013).
[15] Mastad. R, Secura. G, Allsworth. E, et al, Acceptance of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods by adolescent participants in the Contraceptive choice Project, Journal of contraception, April 27, 2011.
[16] Safwat. A, Momen.A, Omer. M, Hossam. T, Acceptability for the use of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive devices, Assiut Experience, Medical Principles and practice, 2003, 12, 170-175.
[17] Ozumba B, Chukudebelu W, Snow R, Norplant as a contraceptive device in Enugu, Eastern Nigeria, Advances in contraception, 1998; 14: 109-119.
[18] Mengistu A, Elzabeth G, Yewondwossen T, Elizabeth O, Addressing unmet need for long acting family planning in Ethiopia: Uptake of implanon and characterstics of users, Pathfinder International, August, 2012. Available: http://www.pathfinder. org/addressingunmetneedforlongacting family planning inEthiopia.html (accessed March 2013).
[19] Respond project brief, Acceptability of Sino-Implant (ii) in Bangladesh, Newyork, No 7, July 2012. Available: http://www.k4health.org/respondproject Acceptability of Sino-Implant (ii) in Bangladesh (accessed July 2013).
[20] Kavanaugh. L Phd, Jerman. J Mph, Hubacher. D phd, Kost. K phd, Finer. B phd, Characterstics of women who use long acting reversible contraceptive methods in the United States, 2002 and 2006-2008. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2011 Jun; 117(6):1349-57.
[21] Alemayehu M et.al, Factors Associated with Utilization of Long acting and Permanent Contraceptive Method among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Mekelle town, Tigray Region, North Ethiopia, BMC pregnancy and child health, 2012, 12/6, 1471-2393.
[22] Pester Siraha, The reasons for low utilization of long acting contraceptives amongst HIV positive women at Harare post test support services clinic, Zimbabwe, march 2013. http://scholar.sun.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10019./sirahareasons.pdf (accessed April,2013).
[23] Dempsey AR, Billingsley CC, Savage AH, et al. Predictors of long-acting reversible contraception use among unmarried young adults. Am J ObstetGynecol 2012; 206:526.e1-5.
[24] Olusegun. A ,Ololade. K, Ireti. O, minimizing the risk of unwanted pregnancies among female University Undergraduates in Logos Nigeria: The Quantum of knowledge and use of long acting reversible contraceptives, Research. Journal Med. Sci, 2012 6(4): 181-186.
[25] Khan E, Sitanshu S, Vikas K, Pratibha P, Itare P, Sandhya B, Increasing the accessibility, acceptability and use of IUD in Gujarat, India ,May 2008.Available: http://www. popcouncil. org/pdfs/frontiers/FRfinalreports/indiaiud.pdf (accessed may 2013).
[26] Goraya. R, Lakshmi. A, Saraya. L, Takkar. D, Hingorani. V, Demographic and psychosocial correlates associated with the acceptability of implant method of contraception in comparison with Copper T intrauterine device, Health and Population – perspective and issues, 1981, 4(2), 95-105.
[27] AO Aisien, ME Enosolease, Safety, Efficacy and acceptability of implanon a single rod Implantable contraceptive (Etonogestrel) in University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Nigerian Journal of clinical practice, sept. 2010, 13(3): 331-335.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Hailay Gebremichael, Fisaha Haile, Awrajaw Dessie, Alula Birhane, Mussie Alemayehu, et al. (2014). Acceptance of Long Acting Contraceptive Methods and Associated Factors among Women in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health, 2(4), 349-355. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Hailay Gebremichael; Fisaha Haile; Awrajaw Dessie; Alula Birhane; Mussie Alemayehu, et al. Acceptance of Long Acting Contraceptive Methods and Associated Factors among Women in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia. Sci. J. Public Health 2014, 2(4), 349-355. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Hailay Gebremichael, Fisaha Haile, Awrajaw Dessie, Alula Birhane, Mussie Alemayehu, et al. Acceptance of Long Acting Contraceptive Methods and Associated Factors among Women in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia. Sci J Public Health. 2014;2(4):349-355. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27,
      author = {Hailay Gebremichael and Fisaha Haile and Awrajaw Dessie and Alula Birhane and Mussie Alemayehu and Henock Yebyo},
      title = {Acceptance of Long Acting Contraceptive Methods and Associated Factors among Women in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia},
      journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {2},
      number = {4},
      pages = {349-355},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20140204.27},
      abstract = {Background: Long acting reversible contraceptives are family planning methods that prevent unwanted pregnancy for at least three years and when removed return of fertility is prompt. It includes the intrauterine device and contraceptive implants. Despite the effectiveness and reversibility of fertility, the acceptance and utilization of long acting reversible contraceptive were very low in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Even though the optimal use of long-acting reversible contraception is a good strategy for reducing unintended pregnancy, acceptability to long acting reversible contraceptive is fundamental to effective and continuous use. Objective: This study was aimed to assess the acceptance of long acting reversible contraceptive methods and factors associated with it among women of reproductive age. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from February to march 2013. Among 348 family planning users and systematic sampling method was used to select the study participants. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate analysis was employed to determine predictors of acceptability of long acting contraceptives and variables which were found to be significant at P - values < 0.05 in bivariate analysis were taken to multivariate logistic regression to see the independent effects of the factors on the acceptability of long acting contraceptives. Result: The acceptability of long acting reversible contraceptive was 16.4%. The main reasons mentioned for not accepting long acting reversible contraceptive was developing side effects 128 (44.8%), and fear of infertility after use 117(40.9%). More than half 181 (52.9%) of the women had a non-supportive attitude towards long acting contraceptives. Mothers who had a supportive attitude towards long acting reversible contraceptive was the only independent predictors of acceptability of long acting contraceptive (AOR=2, 95% CI (1.084, 3.75). Conclusions: The acceptance of long acting reversible contraceptives was very low. Supportive attitude towards long acting contraceptives was the only factors that affect acceptance of long acting contraceptive.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Acceptance of Long Acting Contraceptive Methods and Associated Factors among Women in Mekelle City, Northern Ethiopia
    AU  - Hailay Gebremichael
    AU  - Fisaha Haile
    AU  - Awrajaw Dessie
    AU  - Alula Birhane
    AU  - Mussie Alemayehu
    AU  - Henock Yebyo
    Y1  - 2014/07/30
    PY  - 2014
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27
    T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 349
    EP  - 355
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7950
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20140204.27
    AB  - Background: Long acting reversible contraceptives are family planning methods that prevent unwanted pregnancy for at least three years and when removed return of fertility is prompt. It includes the intrauterine device and contraceptive implants. Despite the effectiveness and reversibility of fertility, the acceptance and utilization of long acting reversible contraceptive were very low in many developing countries including Ethiopia. Even though the optimal use of long-acting reversible contraception is a good strategy for reducing unintended pregnancy, acceptability to long acting reversible contraceptive is fundamental to effective and continuous use. Objective: This study was aimed to assess the acceptance of long acting reversible contraceptive methods and factors associated with it among women of reproductive age. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted from February to march 2013. Among 348 family planning users and systematic sampling method was used to select the study participants. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Bivariate analysis was employed to determine predictors of acceptability of long acting contraceptives and variables which were found to be significant at P - values < 0.05 in bivariate analysis were taken to multivariate logistic regression to see the independent effects of the factors on the acceptability of long acting contraceptives. Result: The acceptability of long acting reversible contraceptive was 16.4%. The main reasons mentioned for not accepting long acting reversible contraceptive was developing side effects 128 (44.8%), and fear of infertility after use 117(40.9%). More than half 181 (52.9%) of the women had a non-supportive attitude towards long acting contraceptives. Mothers who had a supportive attitude towards long acting reversible contraceptive was the only independent predictors of acceptability of long acting contraceptive (AOR=2, 95% CI (1.084, 3.75). Conclusions: The acceptance of long acting reversible contraceptives was very low. Supportive attitude towards long acting contraceptives was the only factors that affect acceptance of long acting contraceptive.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  • School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  • School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  • Ayder Referral Hospital, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  • School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  • School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia

  • Sections