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Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Bark of Tabernaemontena pachysiphon Stapf

Received: 07 June 2015    Accepted: 14 June 2015    Published: 02 September 2015
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Abstract

Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of hot water, hot and cold ethanol ethanolic extracts of the bark of Tabernaemontana pachysiphon Stapf. were assayed, using standard techniques. Escherichia coli ( E. coli ), Serratia marcescens ( S. marcescens ), Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), Alternaria solani ( A. solani ), Aspergillius niger ( A. niger )and Penicilium notatum ( P. notatum ) were used as the challenge / test organism. Agar well and paper disc diffusion techniques were adopted. Results showed that the bacteria; E. coli, S. marcescens, S. aureus , were susceptible to both hot water and hot ethanol extracts respectively with zones of inhibition as follows: E. coli (9, 12 mm) and (10, 15 mm), S. marcescen (9, 9 mm) and (9, 12 mm), S. aureus (8, 9mm) and (9, 10mm), respectively. The fungus; P notatum was susceptible to hot water, hot and cold ethanol extracts (7.5, 8, 8mm) and (7, 7.5, 7 mm). A. solani and A. niger were resistant to the bioactivity of the extracts. The presence of active principles; alkaloids, anthraquinone, cardiac glycosides, poly phenol, saponins and tannins detected via the phytochemical screening may be responsible for the antimicrobial activities of the extracts.

DOI 10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12
Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 3, Issue 5-1, September 2015)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Who Is Afraid of the Microbes

Page(s) 8-13
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Stem Bark, Tabernaemontana pachysiphon, Bacteria, Fungus, Antimicrobial Activity, Phytochemical Analysis

References
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[6] C.M. Duru and T.I. Mbata, “the antimicrobial activities and phytochemical screening of ethanolic leaf extracts of Hedranthera barteri Hook and Tabernaemontana pachysiphon Stapf,” Journal of Bio and Tissue Eng, vol. 2, issue 1, Pp 1 - 4, 2010.
[7] AOAC (Association of official Analytical Chemist), Official methods of analysis, Gaithersburg, 15th ed. M.D. USA, 2002, p 23.
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[10] C. M Duru, T. I. Mbata, P. Ogu and U. Iheagwam, “The Antimicrobial activities and phytochemical screening of ethanolic leaf extracts of Hedranthera barteri and Tabernaemontana pachysiphon,” World Journal of Biotechnology, vol. 10 issue 1, pp 1549-1553, 2009.
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[16] C. Akujobi, B. N. Anyanwu, C. Onyeze and V. I. Ibekwe, “Antibacterial activities and preliminary phytochemical screening of four medicinal plants,” J. Appl. Sci., vol 7, issue 3, pp. 4328 – 4338, 2004.
[17] J.M. Whipps, “Effects of media on growth and interactions between a range of soil-borne grass pathogens and antagonistic fungi,” New Pathologist, vol. 107 pp 127-142, 1987.
[18] C. M. Duru and B. E. Okoli, “Invitro Antimicrobial Assay and Phytochemical Analysis of aqueous and Ethanolic fruit Extracts of Voacanga Africana,” Int. J. Env. Health & Human Dev. vol. 10, issue 1, pp. 24-30, 2009.
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Author Information
  • Department of Biological Science, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

  • Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Science, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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    Duru C. M., Anyadoh-Nwadike S. O., Okechukwu R. I. (2015). Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Bark of Tabernaemontena pachysiphon Stapf. Science Journal of Public Health, 3(5-1), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12

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    Duru C. M.; Anyadoh-Nwadike S. O.; Okechukwu R. I. Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Bark of Tabernaemontena pachysiphon Stapf. Sci. J. Public Health 2015, 3(5-1), 8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12

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    AMA Style

    Duru C. M., Anyadoh-Nwadike S. O., Okechukwu R. I. Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Bark of Tabernaemontena pachysiphon Stapf. Sci J Public Health. 2015;3(5-1):8-13. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12,
      author = {Duru C. M. and Anyadoh-Nwadike S. O. and Okechukwu R. I.},
      title = {Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Bark of Tabernaemontena pachysiphon Stapf},
      journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {3},
      number = {5-1},
      pages = {8-13},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.s.2015030501.12},
      abstract = {Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of hot water, hot and cold ethanol ethanolic extracts of the bark of  Tabernaemontana pachysiphon  Stapf. were assayed, using standard techniques.  Escherichia coli  ( E. coli ),  Serratia marcescens  ( S. marcescens ),  Staphylococcus aureus  ( S. aureus ),  Alternaria solani  ( A. solani ),  Aspergillius niger  ( A. niger )and  Penicilium notatum  ( P. notatum ) were used as the challenge / test organism. Agar well and paper disc diffusion techniques were adopted. Results showed that the bacteria;  E. coli, S. marcescens, S. aureus , were susceptible to both hot water and hot ethanol extracts respectively with zones of inhibition as follows:  E. coli  (9, 12 mm) and (10, 15 mm),  S. marcescen  (9, 9 mm) and (9, 12 mm),  S. aureus  (8, 9mm) and (9, 10mm), respectively. The fungus;  P notatum  was susceptible to hot water, hot and cold ethanol extracts (7.5, 8, 8mm) and (7, 7.5, 7 mm).  A. solani  and A. niger  were resistant to the bioactivity of the extracts. The presence of active principles; alkaloids, anthraquinone, cardiac glycosides, poly phenol, saponins and tannins detected via the phytochemical screening may be responsible for the antimicrobial activities of the extracts.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Bark of Tabernaemontena pachysiphon Stapf
    AU  - Duru C. M.
    AU  - Anyadoh-Nwadike S. O.
    AU  - Okechukwu R. I.
    Y1  - 2015/09/02
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12
    T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 8
    EP  - 13
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7950
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.s.2015030501.12
    AB  - Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of hot water, hot and cold ethanol ethanolic extracts of the bark of  Tabernaemontana pachysiphon  Stapf. were assayed, using standard techniques.  Escherichia coli  ( E. coli ),  Serratia marcescens  ( S. marcescens ),  Staphylococcus aureus  ( S. aureus ),  Alternaria solani  ( A. solani ),  Aspergillius niger  ( A. niger )and  Penicilium notatum  ( P. notatum ) were used as the challenge / test organism. Agar well and paper disc diffusion techniques were adopted. Results showed that the bacteria;  E. coli, S. marcescens, S. aureus , were susceptible to both hot water and hot ethanol extracts respectively with zones of inhibition as follows:  E. coli  (9, 12 mm) and (10, 15 mm),  S. marcescen  (9, 9 mm) and (9, 12 mm),  S. aureus  (8, 9mm) and (9, 10mm), respectively. The fungus;  P notatum  was susceptible to hot water, hot and cold ethanol extracts (7.5, 8, 8mm) and (7, 7.5, 7 mm).  A. solani  and A. niger  were resistant to the bioactivity of the extracts. The presence of active principles; alkaloids, anthraquinone, cardiac glycosides, poly phenol, saponins and tannins detected via the phytochemical screening may be responsible for the antimicrobial activities of the extracts.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 5-1
    ER  - 

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