Science Journal of Public Health

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Prevalence of Manifest Hypermetropia in Primary School Children of Gaza City

Received: 16 June 2013    Accepted:     Published: 20 July 2013
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Abstract

Research question: what is the prevalence of manifest hypermetropia in primary school children (6 – 11 years ) of Gaza city? Objective: to study the prevalence of manifest hypermetropia in primary school children of Gaza city . Study design: cross sectional. Setting: schools of Gaza city –Palestine Participants: school children aged 6 – 11 years studying in 1st to 6th class. Study period: March 2013 to June 2013. Sample size: 1063 school children which included 478 females and 585 males. Study variables: manifest hypermetropic refractive error by age, sex and class, uncorrected, best corrected visual acuity and scientific achievement in school. Statistical analysis: Chi square test, proportions. Results: manifest hypermetropia is the most prevalent refractive error in primary school children in Gaza city irrespective of age or gender or eye . The prevalence of manifest hypermetropia is 45.3% for right eye and 46.7% for left eye. No statistically significant difference in scientific achievement in Arabic language or mathematics between children with various types of refractive errors. Conclusions: These data support the assumption that vision screening of school children in developing countries could be useful in detecting correctable causes of decreased vision especially refractive errors and in minimizing long term visual disability.

DOI 10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14
Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 1, Issue 3, July 2013)
Page(s) 131-134
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Prevalence, Manifest Hypermetropia, School Children, Age, Sex, Class, Uncorrected Visual Acuity, Best Corrected Visual Acuity

References
[1] Murthy GVS. Vision Testing for Refractive Errors in Schools 'Screening' Programmes in Schools. Journal of Community Eye Health 2000;13: 3-5.
[2] Dandona L, Dandona R. What is the global burden of visual impairment? BMC Medicine 2006;4:6, Available at http:/www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/4/6
[3] Murthy GV, Gupta SK, Ellwein LB, Munoz SR, Pokharel GP, Sanga L, et al . Refractive error in an urban population in New Delhi. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43: 623-31.
[4] Kalikivayi V, Naduvilath TJ, Bansal AK, Dandona L. Visual impairment in school children in Southern India. Indian J Ophthalmol 1997;45:129-34.
[5] Kanski JJ, Bowling B . Clinical Ophthalmology A systematic approach . seventh edition. 2011;18:764
[6] Tay MT et al: Myopic and educational attainment in 421116 young Singaporean males, Ann Acad Med, Singapore, 1992, 21(6): 785-91.
[7] Venkatramana K, Naduvilam T: Visual impairment in school children in Southern India, Ind. Jou. of Ophthalmol, 1997, 129-34.
Author Information
  • Islamic University – Gaza, Gaza, Palestine

  • Islamic University – Gaza, Gaza, Palestine

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    Abuimara Amer, Tarshawi Mohammed. (2013). Prevalence of Manifest Hypermetropia in Primary School Children of Gaza City. Science Journal of Public Health, 1(3), 131-134. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14

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    Abuimara Amer; Tarshawi Mohammed. Prevalence of Manifest Hypermetropia in Primary School Children of Gaza City. Sci. J. Public Health 2013, 1(3), 131-134. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14

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    AMA Style

    Abuimara Amer, Tarshawi Mohammed. Prevalence of Manifest Hypermetropia in Primary School Children of Gaza City. Sci J Public Health. 2013;1(3):131-134. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14,
      author = {Abuimara Amer and Tarshawi Mohammed},
      title = {Prevalence of Manifest Hypermetropia in Primary School Children of Gaza City},
      journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {1},
      number = {3},
      pages = {131-134},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20130103.14},
      abstract = {Research question: what is the prevalence of manifest hypermetropia in primary school children (6 – 11 years ) of Gaza city? Objective: to study the prevalence of manifest hypermetropia in primary school children  of Gaza city . Study design: cross sectional. Setting: schools of Gaza city –Palestine Participants: school children aged 6 – 11 years studying in 1st to 6th class. Study period: March 2013 to June 2013. Sample size:    1063 school children which included 478 females and 585 males. Study variables: manifest hypermetropic refractive error by age, sex and class, uncorrected, best corrected visual acuity and scientific achievement in school. Statistical analysis: Chi square test, proportions. Results: manifest hypermetropia is the most prevalent refractive error in primary school children in Gaza city irrespective of age or gender or eye . The prevalence of manifest hypermetropia is 45.3% for right eye and 46.7% for left eye. No statistically significant difference in scientific achievement in Arabic language or mathematics between children with various types of refractive errors. Conclusions:  These data support the assumption that vision screening of school children in developing countries could be useful in detecting correctable causes of decreased vision especially refractive errors and in minimizing long term visual disability.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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    AU  - Abuimara Amer
    AU  - Tarshawi Mohammed
    Y1  - 2013/07/20
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjph.20130103.14
    T2  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JF  - Science Journal of Public Health
    JO  - Science Journal of Public Health
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    AB  - Research question: what is the prevalence of manifest hypermetropia in primary school children (6 – 11 years ) of Gaza city? Objective: to study the prevalence of manifest hypermetropia in primary school children  of Gaza city . Study design: cross sectional. Setting: schools of Gaza city –Palestine Participants: school children aged 6 – 11 years studying in 1st to 6th class. Study period: March 2013 to June 2013. Sample size:    1063 school children which included 478 females and 585 males. Study variables: manifest hypermetropic refractive error by age, sex and class, uncorrected, best corrected visual acuity and scientific achievement in school. Statistical analysis: Chi square test, proportions. Results: manifest hypermetropia is the most prevalent refractive error in primary school children in Gaza city irrespective of age or gender or eye . The prevalence of manifest hypermetropia is 45.3% for right eye and 46.7% for left eye. No statistically significant difference in scientific achievement in Arabic language or mathematics between children with various types of refractive errors. Conclusions:  These data support the assumption that vision screening of school children in developing countries could be useful in detecting correctable causes of decreased vision especially refractive errors and in minimizing long term visual disability.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 3
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