Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning

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Traditional Courtyards as a Microclimate in the Improvement of Human Thermal Comfort Condition

Received: 19 September 2019    Accepted: 11 October 2019    Published: 11 November 2019
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Abstract

According to population growth, urban sprawl, as well as global warming, attention to the impact of design on thermal comfort in open spaces is important. Thus, it is essential to climate studies and understanding environmental features, as well as results usage in improving designs. The courtyard as open space in residential buildings which is an important factor in the absorption of sunlit in the courtyard surfaces. Therefore, controlling shading performance with regard to thermal comfort condition is one of the most effective factors in reducing the ambient temperature during hot days. This paper focuses on the impact of shading performance in traditional courtyard houses in the hot (Kashan) and cold (Ardabil) climate of Iran. For better understanding four traditional courtyard houses of Kashan and Ardabil selected randomly. By Design Builder software shaded areas were analyzed for each case. The results showed that the best form for the courtyard in these climates is rectangular. The results indicate that increasing the ratio of length to width and also increasing the height of the walls of the courtyard increases the percentage of shading. As conclusion during a day, there is a high correlation between the MRT and the PMV index, and reducing the MRT improve the PMV index.

DOI 10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12
Published in Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning (Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2019)
Page(s) 53-60
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Shadows, Sunlit, Thermal Comfort, Microclimate, Traditional Courtyard

References
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[4] Akbari, H. and S. Teshnehdel, Climatic Compatibility of Courtyard Houses, Based on Shading-sunlit Index; Case Studies: Traditional Houses in Kashan & Ardabil Cities. Armanshahr architecture & urban development, 2018. 11 (24): p. 13.
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[18] Landsberg, H. E., The urban climate. Vol. 28. 1981: Academic press.
[19] Almhafdy, A., et al., Courtyard design variants and microclimate performance. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013. 101: p. 170-180.
[20] Givoni, B., Man, climate and architecture. Elsevier, 1969.
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[23] Cho, S. and N. Mohammadzadeh. Thermal comfort analysis of a traditional Iranian courtyard for the design of sustainable residential buildings. in Proceedings of 13th Conference of International Building Performance Simulation Association, Chambéry, France. 2013.
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Author Information
  • Department of Architecture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

  • Department of Architecture, Azad University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

  • Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

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  • APA Style

    Saeid Teshnehdel, Mohammadreza Bahari, Seyedasghar Mirnezami. (2019). Traditional Courtyards as a Microclimate in the Improvement of Human Thermal Comfort Condition. Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning, 4(3), 53-60. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12

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    ACS Style

    Saeid Teshnehdel; Mohammadreza Bahari; Seyedasghar Mirnezami. Traditional Courtyards as a Microclimate in the Improvement of Human Thermal Comfort Condition. Landsc. Archit. Reg. Plan. 2019, 4(3), 53-60. doi: 10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12

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    AMA Style

    Saeid Teshnehdel, Mohammadreza Bahari, Seyedasghar Mirnezami. Traditional Courtyards as a Microclimate in the Improvement of Human Thermal Comfort Condition. Landsc Archit Reg Plan. 2019;4(3):53-60. doi: 10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12,
      author = {Saeid Teshnehdel and Mohammadreza Bahari and Seyedasghar Mirnezami},
      title = {Traditional Courtyards as a Microclimate in the Improvement of Human Thermal Comfort Condition},
      journal = {Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {53-60},
      doi = {10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.larp.20190403.12},
      abstract = {According to population growth, urban sprawl, as well as global warming, attention to the impact of design on thermal comfort in open spaces is important. Thus, it is essential to climate studies and understanding environmental features, as well as results usage in improving designs. The courtyard as open space in residential buildings which is an important factor in the absorption of sunlit in the courtyard surfaces. Therefore, controlling shading performance with regard to thermal comfort condition is one of the most effective factors in reducing the ambient temperature during hot days. This paper focuses on the impact of shading performance in traditional courtyard houses in the hot (Kashan) and cold (Ardabil) climate of Iran. For better understanding four traditional courtyard houses of Kashan and Ardabil selected randomly. By Design Builder software shaded areas were analyzed for each case. The results showed that the best form for the courtyard in these climates is rectangular. The results indicate that increasing the ratio of length to width and also increasing the height of the walls of the courtyard increases the percentage of shading. As conclusion during a day, there is a high correlation between the MRT and the PMV index, and reducing the MRT improve the PMV index.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Traditional Courtyards as a Microclimate in the Improvement of Human Thermal Comfort Condition
    AU  - Saeid Teshnehdel
    AU  - Mohammadreza Bahari
    AU  - Seyedasghar Mirnezami
    Y1  - 2019/11/11
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12
    T2  - Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning
    JF  - Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning
    JO  - Landscape Architecture and Regional Planning
    SP  - 53
    EP  - 60
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2637-4374
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.larp.20190403.12
    AB  - According to population growth, urban sprawl, as well as global warming, attention to the impact of design on thermal comfort in open spaces is important. Thus, it is essential to climate studies and understanding environmental features, as well as results usage in improving designs. The courtyard as open space in residential buildings which is an important factor in the absorption of sunlit in the courtyard surfaces. Therefore, controlling shading performance with regard to thermal comfort condition is one of the most effective factors in reducing the ambient temperature during hot days. This paper focuses on the impact of shading performance in traditional courtyard houses in the hot (Kashan) and cold (Ardabil) climate of Iran. For better understanding four traditional courtyard houses of Kashan and Ardabil selected randomly. By Design Builder software shaded areas were analyzed for each case. The results showed that the best form for the courtyard in these climates is rectangular. The results indicate that increasing the ratio of length to width and also increasing the height of the walls of the courtyard increases the percentage of shading. As conclusion during a day, there is a high correlation between the MRT and the PMV index, and reducing the MRT improve the PMV index.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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