Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads

Jomo Nkumah Gill; Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13

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Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads

Jomo Nkumah Gill, Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar

Published in Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 6)

Received: 9 September 2018 Accepted: 26 September 2018 Published: 4 January 2019

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Abstract

Compared to yesteryear, non-linear loads now proliferate in homes, offices and the industrial environment. Non-linear loads now form a major component of the total loading in the typical electrical network. The Compact Fluorescent Lamp is but one example of a non-linear load that inherently produces and injects distorted currents into the electrical power network, which could create adverse consequences if appropriate and adequate harmonic mitigation techniques are not employed. CFLs are now a major component of the luminaires market around the world because consideration is being given worldwide to the phasing out of incandescent lamps. However, there are legitimate concerns over the quality of some CFLs. This paper investigates and compares the quality of some major brands of CFLs, in terms of parameters such as harmonic content, power factor, fundamental power factor, nonactive power, and apparent power. The wider implication of these results is ascertained by investigating the effects large scale installation of CFLs would have on a generalized electrical network. This work shows that CFLs with high harmonic currents increase the requirements of the source and other network components, as well as place a significant strain on them, since they draw a higher current and also consume a higher apparent power and nonactive power than is necessary for power delivery. Also, it is found that voltage harmonic limits can approach or exceed the IEEE limit of 5% as the number of CFLs deployed is increased. This situation is more pronounced if CFLs with higher current harmonic content are installed.

Published in	Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 6, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13
Page(s)	153-159
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Non-linear Loads, Compact Fluorescent Lamps, Harmonics, Power Factor, Power Quality, Total Harmonic Distortion

References

[1]	M. Abbaspour and A. H. Jahanikia, “Power quality considerations in the widespread use of compact fluorescent lamps”, Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conference on Electrical Power Quality and Utilisation (EPQU), pp. 1-6, Sept. 2009.
[2]	Janak Acharya and Alexandre B. Nassif, “An investigation on the harmonic attenuation effect of modern compact fluorescent lamps”, Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power (ICHQP), Sept. 2008.
[3]	Jordi Cunill-Sola and Miquel Salichs, “Study and characterisation of waveforms from low watt (<25W) compact fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, pp. 2305-2311, Oct. 2007.
[4]	R. A. Jabbar et al, “Impact of Compact Fluorescent Lamp on Power Quality”, Proceedings of the Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC), pp. 1-5, Paper P-025, December 2008.
[5]	A.F. Abd El-Gawad, “Studying the impact of different lighting loads on both harmonics and power factor”, Proceedings of the 42nd International Universities Power International Conference (UPEC), pp. 109-114, Sept. 2007.
[6]	S.G. Abeyratne and K. D. A. Munasinghe, “Power quality and harmonic loads”, Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems (ICIIS), pp. 52-57, August 2007.
[7]	M. Akmal, R. Arif and S.A. Qureshi, “Power quality based comparison of compact fluorescent lamp with fluorescent light”, Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE), pp. 1-6, April 2009.
[8]	M. Maksic and D. Matvoz, “Impact of compact fluorescent lamps on the electric power network”, Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power (ICHQP), Sept. 2008.
[9]	F.V. Topalis et al., “Influence of large-scale installation of energy saving lamps on the line voltage distortion of a weak network supplied by photovoltaic station”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 1787-1793, October 2004.
[10]	M. Rawa, D. Thomas and M. Sumner, “Experimental Measurements and Computer Simulations of FL and CFL Lamps for Harmonic Studies”, Proceedings of the 2014 UKSim-AMSS 16th International Conference on Computer Modelling and Simulation, pp. 335-339, March 2014.
[11]	Debanka De, S. Sahana, B. Roy, “Performance analysis of fluorescent and LED light system”, 2016 International Conference on Computer, Electrical & Communication Engineering (ICCECE), December 2016.
[12]	N. Milardovich et al, “On the reduction of the third-order harmonic losses in low–voltage power cables used for feeding large LED and CFL lighting loads”, Journal of Advanced Electromagnetics, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 46-52, October 2017.
[13]	J. Molina and L. Saintz, “Compact Fluorescent Lamp Modeling for Large-Scale Harmonic Penetration Studies”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, pp. 1523-1531, October 2014.
[14]	IEEE Std. 519-1992, “Recommended practices and requirements for harmonic control in electrical power systems”, New York, USA, April 1993.
[15]	IEEE Working Group on Nonsinusoidal Situations: Effects on Meter Performance and Definitions of Power, “Practical definitions for powers in systems with nonsinusoidal waveforms and unbalanced loads : A Discussion”, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 79-101, January 1996.
[16]	R. Gilleskie and W. M. Grady, “Harmonics and how they relate to power factor”, Proceedings of the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Power Quality Issues and Opportunities Conference (PQA ’93), November 1993.
[17]	IEEE Std. 1459-2010, “Standard definitions for the measurement of electric power quantities under sinusoidal, nonsinusoidal, balanced, or unbalanced conditions’, New York, March 2010.
[18]	ELCOMA – Electric Lamp and Component Manufacturers of India [Online] Available: http://www.elcomaindia.com/. (Accessed: March 13, 2011, September 23, 2018).

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APA Style

Jomo Nkumah Gill, Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar. (2019). Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 6(6), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13

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ACS Style

Jomo Nkumah Gill; Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar. Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2019, 6(6), 153-159. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13

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AMA Style

Jomo Nkumah Gill, Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar. Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads. J Electr Electron Eng. 2019;6(6):153-159. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13

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@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13,
  author = {Jomo Nkumah Gill and Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar},
  title = {Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {153-159},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20180606.13},
  abstract = {Compared to yesteryear, non-linear loads now proliferate in homes, offices and the industrial environment. Non-linear loads now form a major component of the total loading in the typical electrical network. The Compact Fluorescent Lamp is but one example of a non-linear load that inherently produces and injects distorted currents into the electrical power network, which could create adverse consequences if appropriate and adequate harmonic mitigation techniques are not employed. CFLs are now a major component of the luminaires market around the world because consideration is being given worldwide to the phasing out of incandescent lamps. However, there are legitimate concerns over the quality of some CFLs. This paper investigates and compares the quality of some major brands of CFLs, in terms of parameters such as harmonic content, power factor, fundamental power factor, nonactive power, and apparent power. The wider implication of these results is ascertained by investigating the effects large scale installation of CFLs would have on a generalized electrical network. This work shows that CFLs with high harmonic currents increase the requirements of the source and other network components, as well as place a significant strain on them, since they draw a higher current and also consume a higher apparent power and nonactive power than is necessary for power delivery. Also, it is found that voltage harmonic limits can approach or exceed the IEEE limit of 5% as the number of CFLs deployed is increased. This situation is more pronounced if CFLs with higher current harmonic content are installed.},
 year = {2019}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads
AU  - Jomo Nkumah Gill
AU  - Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar
Y1  - 2019/01/04
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 153
EP  - 159
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13
AB  - Compared to yesteryear, non-linear loads now proliferate in homes, offices and the industrial environment. Non-linear loads now form a major component of the total loading in the typical electrical network. The Compact Fluorescent Lamp is but one example of a non-linear load that inherently produces and injects distorted currents into the electrical power network, which could create adverse consequences if appropriate and adequate harmonic mitigation techniques are not employed. CFLs are now a major component of the luminaires market around the world because consideration is being given worldwide to the phasing out of incandescent lamps. However, there are legitimate concerns over the quality of some CFLs. This paper investigates and compares the quality of some major brands of CFLs, in terms of parameters such as harmonic content, power factor, fundamental power factor, nonactive power, and apparent power. The wider implication of these results is ascertained by investigating the effects large scale installation of CFLs would have on a generalized electrical network. This work shows that CFLs with high harmonic currents increase the requirements of the source and other network components, as well as place a significant strain on them, since they draw a higher current and also consume a higher apparent power and nonactive power than is necessary for power delivery. Also, it is found that voltage harmonic limits can approach or exceed the IEEE limit of 5% as the number of CFLs deployed is increased. This situation is more pronounced if CFLs with higher current harmonic content are installed.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Jomo Nkumah Gill

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Turkeyen Campus, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana
Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar

Department of Electrical and Electronics, National Institute of Technology Karnataka (NITK), Surathkal, India

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APA Style

Jomo Nkumah Gill, Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar. (2019). Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 6(6), 153-159. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13

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ACS Style

Jomo Nkumah Gill; Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar. Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2019, 6(6), 153-159. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13

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AMA Style

Jomo Nkumah Gill, Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar. Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads. J Electr Electron Eng. 2019;6(6):153-159. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13,
  author = {Jomo Nkumah Gill and Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar},
  title = {Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {6},
  number = {6},
  pages = {153-159},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20180606.13},
  abstract = {Compared to yesteryear, non-linear loads now proliferate in homes, offices and the industrial environment. Non-linear loads now form a major component of the total loading in the typical electrical network. The Compact Fluorescent Lamp is but one example of a non-linear load that inherently produces and injects distorted currents into the electrical power network, which could create adverse consequences if appropriate and adequate harmonic mitigation techniques are not employed. CFLs are now a major component of the luminaires market around the world because consideration is being given worldwide to the phasing out of incandescent lamps. However, there are legitimate concerns over the quality of some CFLs. This paper investigates and compares the quality of some major brands of CFLs, in terms of parameters such as harmonic content, power factor, fundamental power factor, nonactive power, and apparent power. The wider implication of these results is ascertained by investigating the effects large scale installation of CFLs would have on a generalized electrical network. This work shows that CFLs with high harmonic currents increase the requirements of the source and other network components, as well as place a significant strain on them, since they draw a higher current and also consume a higher apparent power and nonactive power than is necessary for power delivery. Also, it is found that voltage harmonic limits can approach or exceed the IEEE limit of 5% as the number of CFLs deployed is increased. This situation is more pronounced if CFLs with higher current harmonic content are installed.},
 year = {2019}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Implications of the Large-Scale Deployment of Non-linear Loads
AU  - Jomo Nkumah Gill
AU  - Gururaj Sudhindra Punekar
Y1  - 2019/01/04
PY  - 2019
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 153
EP  - 159
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20180606.13
AB  - Compared to yesteryear, non-linear loads now proliferate in homes, offices and the industrial environment. Non-linear loads now form a major component of the total loading in the typical electrical network. The Compact Fluorescent Lamp is but one example of a non-linear load that inherently produces and injects distorted currents into the electrical power network, which could create adverse consequences if appropriate and adequate harmonic mitigation techniques are not employed. CFLs are now a major component of the luminaires market around the world because consideration is being given worldwide to the phasing out of incandescent lamps. However, there are legitimate concerns over the quality of some CFLs. This paper investigates and compares the quality of some major brands of CFLs, in terms of parameters such as harmonic content, power factor, fundamental power factor, nonactive power, and apparent power. The wider implication of these results is ascertained by investigating the effects large scale installation of CFLs would have on a generalized electrical network. This work shows that CFLs with high harmonic currents increase the requirements of the source and other network components, as well as place a significant strain on them, since they draw a higher current and also consume a higher apparent power and nonactive power than is necessary for power delivery. Also, it is found that voltage harmonic limits can approach or exceed the IEEE limit of 5% as the number of CFLs deployed is increased. This situation is more pronounced if CFLs with higher current harmonic content are installed.
VL  - 6
IS  - 6
ER  -

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