American Journal of Civil Engineering

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A Numerical Study on Comparison of 1D and 2D Seismic Responses of a Basin in Turkey

Received: 16 September 2014    Accepted: 05 October 2014    Published: 20 October 2014
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Abstract

Local site conditions such as seismic bedrock depth, bedrock slope of the edge, geometry and characteristics of soil layers, topographical irregularities, etc. are the most important factors affecting earthquake ground motion in a specific site. The amplitude and frequency content of bedrock motion can be changed by local site effects, and this variation is denoted as an amplification or de-amplification. Among the several factors, basin edge effect plays an important role in the transformation of earthquake waves and increase of the surface motion duration and amplitude. The limited width of the soil layers or the edge geometry at the deep formations cause earthquake wave transformations, thus the amplitude of the surface ground motion may vary depending on its location. For this reason the frequency content of surface ground motion may differ from the calculated surface ground motion by one dimensional dynamic analysis. In this case two dimensional analysis is required. In this study, in order to compare the soil response under different strong ground motion, one and two dimensional dynamic analyses were performed by using the Dinar Basin model in Turkey. The acceleration time histories and absolute acceleration spectra were obtained for pre-selected points on the ground surface. The 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios were calculated by dividing the absolute acceleration spectra obtained from two dimensional (2D) and one dimensional (1D) dynamic analysis. The variations of the spectral acceleration ratios (2D/1D) with distance from basin edge were evaluated for different period values. The calculated 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios reached their maximum values at a certain zone (X/D<3) near basin edge for every interested period value. While approaching to center of basin models, especially at the zones after X/D=3 point it can be noticed that 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios generally converged to 1 regardless of the edge bedrock slope values. The highest average spectral acceleration ratios were calculated when the relevant period values were between T=0.2~0.5 s. They took values varying between 2 and 3 for this period interval. A relationship between the results of 1D and 2D dynamic analyses was established. In addition, the approximate validity range of 1D and 2D dynamic analysis at the basin edges was investigated for the model.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11
Published in American Journal of Civil Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2014)
Page(s) 123-133
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

1D and 2D Dynamic Analysis, Amplification, Basin Edge Effect, 2D/1D Spectral Acceleration Ratio

References
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[2] E. Safak, “Local site effects and dynamic soil behaviour”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, vol. 21, pp. 453-458, 2001.
[3] S. L. Kramer, Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, USA, 1996.
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[5] R. Iyisan and H. Khanbabazadeh, "A numerical study on the basin edge effects on soil amplifıcation", Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, vol. 11, Issue 5, pp. 1305-1323, 2013.
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Author Information
  • Bursa Metropolitan Municipality, Department of Housing and Urban Development, Bursa, Turkey

  • Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Istanbul, Turkey

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    Murat Emre Hasal, Recep Iyisan. (2014). A Numerical Study on Comparison of 1D and 2D Seismic Responses of a Basin in Turkey. American Journal of Civil Engineering, 2(5), 123-133. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11

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    Murat Emre Hasal; Recep Iyisan. A Numerical Study on Comparison of 1D and 2D Seismic Responses of a Basin in Turkey. Am. J. Civ. Eng. 2014, 2(5), 123-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11

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    AMA Style

    Murat Emre Hasal, Recep Iyisan. A Numerical Study on Comparison of 1D and 2D Seismic Responses of a Basin in Turkey. Am J Civ Eng. 2014;2(5):123-133. doi: 10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11,
      author = {Murat Emre Hasal and Recep Iyisan},
      title = {A Numerical Study on Comparison of 1D and 2D Seismic Responses of a Basin in Turkey},
      journal = {American Journal of Civil Engineering},
      volume = {2},
      number = {5},
      pages = {123-133},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajce.20140205.11},
      abstract = {Local site conditions such as seismic bedrock depth, bedrock slope of the edge, geometry and characteristics of soil layers, topographical irregularities, etc. are the most important factors affecting earthquake ground motion in a specific site. The amplitude and frequency content of bedrock motion can be changed by local site effects, and this variation is denoted as an amplification or de-amplification. Among the several factors, basin edge effect plays an important role in the transformation of earthquake waves and increase of the surface motion duration and amplitude. The limited width of the soil layers or the edge geometry at the deep formations cause earthquake wave transformations, thus the amplitude of the surface ground motion may vary depending on its location. For this reason the frequency content of surface ground motion may differ from the calculated surface ground motion by one dimensional dynamic analysis. In this case two dimensional analysis is required. In this study, in order to compare the soil response under different strong ground motion, one and two dimensional dynamic analyses were performed by using the Dinar Basin model in Turkey. The acceleration time histories and absolute acceleration spectra were obtained for pre-selected points on the ground surface. The 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios were calculated by dividing the absolute acceleration spectra obtained from two dimensional (2D) and one dimensional (1D) dynamic analysis. The variations of the spectral acceleration ratios (2D/1D) with distance from basin edge were evaluated for different period values. The calculated 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios reached their maximum values at a certain zone (X/D<3) near basin edge for every interested period value. While approaching to center of basin models, especially at the zones after X/D=3 point it can be noticed that 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios generally converged to 1 regardless of the edge bedrock slope values. The highest average spectral acceleration ratios were calculated when the relevant period values were between T=0.2~0.5 s. They took values varying between 2 and 3 for this period interval. A relationship between the results of 1D and 2D dynamic analyses was established. In addition, the approximate validity range of 1D and 2D dynamic analysis at the basin edges was investigated for the model.},
     year = {2014}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A Numerical Study on Comparison of 1D and 2D Seismic Responses of a Basin in Turkey
    AU  - Murat Emre Hasal
    AU  - Recep Iyisan
    Y1  - 2014/10/20
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11
    T2  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JF  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    JO  - American Journal of Civil Engineering
    SP  - 123
    EP  - 133
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8737
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajce.20140205.11
    AB  - Local site conditions such as seismic bedrock depth, bedrock slope of the edge, geometry and characteristics of soil layers, topographical irregularities, etc. are the most important factors affecting earthquake ground motion in a specific site. The amplitude and frequency content of bedrock motion can be changed by local site effects, and this variation is denoted as an amplification or de-amplification. Among the several factors, basin edge effect plays an important role in the transformation of earthquake waves and increase of the surface motion duration and amplitude. The limited width of the soil layers or the edge geometry at the deep formations cause earthquake wave transformations, thus the amplitude of the surface ground motion may vary depending on its location. For this reason the frequency content of surface ground motion may differ from the calculated surface ground motion by one dimensional dynamic analysis. In this case two dimensional analysis is required. In this study, in order to compare the soil response under different strong ground motion, one and two dimensional dynamic analyses were performed by using the Dinar Basin model in Turkey. The acceleration time histories and absolute acceleration spectra were obtained for pre-selected points on the ground surface. The 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios were calculated by dividing the absolute acceleration spectra obtained from two dimensional (2D) and one dimensional (1D) dynamic analysis. The variations of the spectral acceleration ratios (2D/1D) with distance from basin edge were evaluated for different period values. The calculated 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios reached their maximum values at a certain zone (X/D<3) near basin edge for every interested period value. While approaching to center of basin models, especially at the zones after X/D=3 point it can be noticed that 2D/1D spectral acceleration ratios generally converged to 1 regardless of the edge bedrock slope values. The highest average spectral acceleration ratios were calculated when the relevant period values were between T=0.2~0.5 s. They took values varying between 2 and 3 for this period interval. A relationship between the results of 1D and 2D dynamic analyses was established. In addition, the approximate validity range of 1D and 2D dynamic analysis at the basin edges was investigated for the model.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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