International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry

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Assessment of Milk Bush Seed Oil as an Auspicious Feedstock for Biodiesel Fuel

Received: 14 June 2017    Accepted: 10 July 2017    Published: 22 December 2017
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Abstract

It is indubitable that world energy demand is increasing drastically due to rapidly growing population and urbanization. It is not obscure that biodiesel would make a massively copious contribution to the energy demand at a time when the populace is becoming increasingly conscious of the declining reserves of fossil fuels and detrimental environmental effects it poses. There are several potential feedstocks that can be used for biodiesel production. The second generation feedstocks which are the non-edible vegetable oils could be considered as promising replacement for first generation feedstocks which are the edible vegetable oils. The usage of non-edible vegetable oil in the production of biodiesel is very significant because of the profuse demand for edible oils as food source. Moreover, first generation’s feedstock costs are exorbitant to be used as fuel. However, in this study, non-edible milk bush (Thevettia peruviana) seed in which its seed is enrich with oil and can be grown in arid and semi-arid condition, on waste land, roadsides and road-dividers in expressways for beautification, environmental protection and hated by herbivorous animals, was used in biodiesel production. The oil was extracted with n-hexane using soxhlet apparatus with which ample amount (60.2%) of oil was extracted. Biodiesel was produced via trans-esterification process from the crude oil of milk bush (Thevetia peruviana) seed with methanol. The optimum condition was obtained at molar ratio 6:1 of alcohol to oil, temperature of 55°C, reaction time of 60 minutes and sodium hydroxide as the base catalyst adopted. Some fuel properties (kinematic viscosity, centane number, flash point, density, cloud point, acid value and moisture) of the biodiesel produced were determined. Results obtained for these fuel properties are 4.48 mm2/s, 55, 135°C, 0.866, 4, 0.1 mgKOH/g, 0.03% for kinematic viscosity at 40°C, centane number, flash point, density, cloud point, acid value and moisture content respectively. The results obtained were in agreement with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. In conclusion, it has been found that there is an immense chance to produce biodiesel from milk bush (Thevetia peruviana) seed oil and therefore it can boost the future production of biodiesel.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11
Published in International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 5, September 2017)
Page(s) 46-52
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biodiesel, Milkbush, Non-edible Oil, Trans-esterification, Thevetia Peruviana

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

  • Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

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  • APA Style

    Raji Ibrahim Oladayo, Ogunlusi Oluwatosin Kemisola. (2017). Assessment of Milk Bush Seed Oil as an Auspicious Feedstock for Biodiesel Fuel. International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry, 5(5), 46-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11

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    Raji Ibrahim Oladayo; Ogunlusi Oluwatosin Kemisola. Assessment of Milk Bush Seed Oil as an Auspicious Feedstock for Biodiesel Fuel. Int. J. Comput. Theor. Chem. 2017, 5(5), 46-52. doi: 10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11

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    AMA Style

    Raji Ibrahim Oladayo, Ogunlusi Oluwatosin Kemisola. Assessment of Milk Bush Seed Oil as an Auspicious Feedstock for Biodiesel Fuel. Int J Comput Theor Chem. 2017;5(5):46-52. doi: 10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11,
      author = {Raji Ibrahim Oladayo and Ogunlusi Oluwatosin Kemisola},
      title = {Assessment of Milk Bush Seed Oil as an Auspicious Feedstock for Biodiesel Fuel},
      journal = {International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry},
      volume = {5},
      number = {5},
      pages = {46-52},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijctc.20170505.11},
      abstract = {It is indubitable that world energy demand is increasing drastically due to rapidly growing population and urbanization. It is not obscure that biodiesel would make a massively copious contribution to the energy demand at a time when the populace is becoming increasingly conscious of the declining reserves of fossil fuels and detrimental environmental effects it poses. There are several potential feedstocks that can be used for biodiesel production. The second generation feedstocks which are the non-edible vegetable oils could be considered as promising replacement for first generation feedstocks which are the edible vegetable oils. The usage of non-edible vegetable oil in the production of biodiesel is very significant because of the profuse demand for edible oils as food source. Moreover, first generation’s feedstock costs are exorbitant to be used as fuel. However, in this study, non-edible milk bush (Thevettia peruviana) seed in which its seed is enrich with oil and can be grown in arid and semi-arid condition, on waste land, roadsides and road-dividers in expressways for beautification, environmental protection and hated by herbivorous animals, was used in biodiesel production. The oil was extracted with n-hexane using soxhlet apparatus with which ample amount (60.2%) of oil was extracted. Biodiesel was produced via trans-esterification process from the crude oil of milk bush (Thevetia peruviana) seed with methanol. The optimum condition was obtained at molar ratio 6:1 of alcohol to oil, temperature of 55°C, reaction time of 60 minutes and sodium hydroxide as the base catalyst adopted. Some fuel properties (kinematic viscosity, centane number, flash point, density, cloud point, acid value and moisture) of the biodiesel produced were determined. Results obtained for these fuel properties are 4.48 mm2/s, 55, 135°C, 0.866, 4, 0.1 mgKOH/g, 0.03% for kinematic viscosity at 40°C, centane number, flash point, density, cloud point, acid value and moisture content respectively. The results obtained were in agreement with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. In conclusion, it has been found that there is an immense chance to produce biodiesel from milk bush (Thevetia peruviana) seed oil and therefore it can boost the future production of biodiesel.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Milk Bush Seed Oil as an Auspicious Feedstock for Biodiesel Fuel
    AU  - Raji Ibrahim Oladayo
    AU  - Ogunlusi Oluwatosin Kemisola
    Y1  - 2017/12/22
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11
    T2  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
    JF  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
    JO  - International Journal of Computational and Theoretical Chemistry
    SP  - 46
    EP  - 52
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-7308
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijctc.20170505.11
    AB  - It is indubitable that world energy demand is increasing drastically due to rapidly growing population and urbanization. It is not obscure that biodiesel would make a massively copious contribution to the energy demand at a time when the populace is becoming increasingly conscious of the declining reserves of fossil fuels and detrimental environmental effects it poses. There are several potential feedstocks that can be used for biodiesel production. The second generation feedstocks which are the non-edible vegetable oils could be considered as promising replacement for first generation feedstocks which are the edible vegetable oils. The usage of non-edible vegetable oil in the production of biodiesel is very significant because of the profuse demand for edible oils as food source. Moreover, first generation’s feedstock costs are exorbitant to be used as fuel. However, in this study, non-edible milk bush (Thevettia peruviana) seed in which its seed is enrich with oil and can be grown in arid and semi-arid condition, on waste land, roadsides and road-dividers in expressways for beautification, environmental protection and hated by herbivorous animals, was used in biodiesel production. The oil was extracted with n-hexane using soxhlet apparatus with which ample amount (60.2%) of oil was extracted. Biodiesel was produced via trans-esterification process from the crude oil of milk bush (Thevetia peruviana) seed with methanol. The optimum condition was obtained at molar ratio 6:1 of alcohol to oil, temperature of 55°C, reaction time of 60 minutes and sodium hydroxide as the base catalyst adopted. Some fuel properties (kinematic viscosity, centane number, flash point, density, cloud point, acid value and moisture) of the biodiesel produced were determined. Results obtained for these fuel properties are 4.48 mm2/s, 55, 135°C, 0.866, 4, 0.1 mgKOH/g, 0.03% for kinematic viscosity at 40°C, centane number, flash point, density, cloud point, acid value and moisture content respectively. The results obtained were in agreement with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. In conclusion, it has been found that there is an immense chance to produce biodiesel from milk bush (Thevetia peruviana) seed oil and therefore it can boost the future production of biodiesel.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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