American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

| Peer-Reviewed |

Effect of Fermented Kepok Banana Corm Inclusion in the Diet on the Nutrient Digestibility and Mineral Ca and P Retention of Growing Pigs

Received: 17 December 2020    Accepted: 28 December 2020    Published: 12 January 2021
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

Sixteen crossbred growing pigs Duroc x Landrace, (10 weeks of age; initial body weight 27 ± 3.92 kg) were allotted into four treatments in a randomized block design to evaluate the effects of inclusion of fermented kepok banana corm (FKBC) in the diet on the nutrient digestibility and mineral Ca and P retention of growing pigs. There were four treatments diets offered: basal diets without FKBC (R0); basal diets + 7% FKBC (R1); basal diets + 14% FKBC (R2); basal diets + 21% FKBC (R3). Results of the study showed that inclusion of 21% FKBC in the diet of pigs significantly reduced (P <0.01) dry matter intake compared to the control diet. There were no significant difference between 14% and 21% FKBC on the intake and digestibility of dry matter of the pigs. However, inclusion of FKBC at the level of 7% showed the optimum digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and energy with the average value of 66.57%, 83.43% and 70.76%, respectively. In addition, mineral consumption and retention of Ca and P were 14.30 and 9.10 g/day, respectively with the value of mineral retention both Ca and P were 11.90 and 7.50 g/day, respectively. It can be concluded that inclusion of FKBC at the level of 7% increased dry matter digestibility and energy.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12
Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 9, Issue 1, January 2021)
Page(s) 7-12
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Corm, Fermented, Nutrient Digestibility, Mineral Retention, Growing Pig

References
[1] Anonymous, 2017. Pig demand and strategy implications. Pig market in Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). ARISA, Applied research & innovation systems in agriculture. PRISMA, Promoting rural income through support for markets in agriculture, pp. 12-14.
[2] Anonymous, 2014. East nusa tenggara in the figure. The Central Bureau of Statistics East Nusa Tenggara Province. BPS catalog: 1102001.53
[3] ACIAR. 2010. Final report swine livestock farming commercial use by small farmers in NTT - Opportunity for better market integration. ACIAR GPO Box 1571 Canberra ACT 2601. Australia.
[4] Anonymous, 2010. Final Report Swine Livestock Farming Commercial Use by Small Farmers in ENT - Opportunity for better market integration. ACIAR GPO Box 1571 Canberra ACT 2601. Australia, pp, 50-57.
[5] Diwyanto, K., and Priyanti, A. 2009. The livestock industry development based on local resources. Development of Agricultural Innovation. 2 (3): 208-228
[6] Emaga, T. H., Bindelle, J., Agneesens, R., Buldgen, A., Wathelet, B., and Paquot, M., 2011. Influences ripening banana and plantain peels composition and energy content. Tropical Animal Health Production. (43): 171-177.
[7] Englyst, K. N., S. Liu and H. N. Englyst., 2007. Nutritional characterization and measurement of dietary charbohydrates. Review. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. (Suppl. I) 519-539.
[8] Aiyer, P. V., 2005. Amylases and their applications. Review. African Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 4 (13): 1525-1529.
[9] Winarno, F. G., 2010. Food enzym. Revised Ed. M-Brio Press, Bogor.
[10] Uthumporn, U., Zaidul, I. S. M. dan, Karim, A. A., 2010. Hydrolysis of granular starch at sub-gelatinization temperature using a mixture of amylolytic enzymes. Food and bioproducts processing, Vol. 8 8:47–54.
[11] Kaur, R. and Sekhon, B. S. 2012. Enzymes as drugs: an overview. J. Pharm. Educ. Res. Vol 3 (2): 29-41
[12] Anonymous, 2016. Aspergillus niger. Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia.
[13] https://id.wikipedia.org./wiki/ Aspergillus_ niger. Downloaded date. December 6th, 2016.
[14] Sembiring, S., Pratiwi, T., Osfar, S., and Irfan H. Dj., 2017. Inclusion of kepok banana corm fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Aspergillus niger as feed and Its implications on nutrient digestibility and performance of growing pigs. Disertation at Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Brawijaya University, Malang-Indonesia.
[15] Azizah, N., Al-Baari, A. N., and Mulyani, S., 2012. Duration effect of fermentation of whey substitution with pineapple waste on the production of alkohol, pH and gas. J. Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan, Vol. 1 No. 2:72-77.
[16] Ozturk, S. Koksel, H dan Perry, K.W.Ng. 2009. Characterization of resistant starch samples prepared from two high-amylose maize starches through debranching and heat treatments. Cereal Chemistry, 86(5): 503-510
[17] Jensen, K. H., Damgaard, B. M., Andresen, L. O., Jorgensen, E. dan Carstensen, L., 2013. Prevention of post weaning diarrhoea by a Saccharomyces cerevisiae – Derived product based on whole yeast. Animal Feed Sci. and Technol, 183:29-39.
[18] National Research Council., 1998. Nutrient requirements of domestic animals. 10th Revised Edition. Nutrient requirements of swine. National Academy Press, Washington, D.C.
[19] Anselme, P., 2006. Phosphorus optimizing utilization in pig and poultry diets. Secretary General Inorganic Feed Phosphates. A practical guide on the use of inorganic feed phosphates and microbial phytase, Cefic.
[20] Cloutier, L., Pomar, C., Montminy, M. P. L., Bernier, J. F., and Pomar, J., 2015. Evaluation of a real-time method estimating individual in two lines lysine requirements of growing-finishing pigs. Animal, Vol. 9 No. 4, pp 561-568.
[21] Mwesigwa, R., Mutetikka, D. and Kugonza, D. R., 2013. Performance of growing pigs fed diets based on by-products of maize and wheat processing. Tropical Animal Health Production, Vol. 45:441–446.
[22] Tillman, A. D., H. Hartadi, Soedomo, R., Soeharto, P. and Soekanto, L. 1989. Basic feed sciece. Gajah Mada University Press, Animal Sciece Faculty.
[23] Kyriazakis, I., 1994. The Voluntary food intake and diet selection of pigs. In: Principles of pig science. Ed.: D. J. A. Cole. J. Wiseman and M. A. Varley. Nottingham University Press. Pp. 85-105.
[24] Ngoc, T. T. B., Len, N. T and Lindberg, J. E., 2013. Impact of fibre intake and fibre source on digestibility, gut development, retention time and growth performance of indigenous and exotic pigs. Animal, Vol. 7 No. 5, pp 736–745.
[25] Cummings, J. H. and Stephen, A. M. 2007. Carbohydrate terminology and classification. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 61 (suppl 1), S5-S18.
[26] Bijttebier, A., Goesaert, H., and Delcour, J. A., 2008. Amylase action pattern on starch polymers. Biologia 63/6: 989-999.
[27] Yin, F., Zhang, Z., Huang, J., dan Yin, Y. 2010. Digestion rate of dietary starch affects systemic circulation of amino acids in weaned pigs. British J. of Nutr. 103:1404-1412.
[28] Jun, H., Daiwen, C. and Bing, Y., 2010. Metabolic and transcriptomic responses of weaned pigs induced by different dietary amylose and amylopectin ratio. Journal PLoS One, Vol. 5, No. 11: 1-7.
[29] Huisman, J., 1989. Factors antinutritional (ANFs) in the Nutrition of monogastric farm animals. In: Nutrition and digestive physiology in monogastric farm animals. Ed.: van Weeden, E. J. and Huisman, J. Pudoc Wageningen, Netherlands. Pp. 17-35.
[30] Lipsa, F. D., Snowdon, R. and Friedt, W., 2012. Quantitative genetic analysis of condensed tannins in oilseed rape meal. Euphytica, Vol.184: 195-205.
[31] Zeeman, S. C., Kossmann, J., dan Smith, A. M., 2010. Starch: Its metabolism, evaluation, and biotechnological modification in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant. Biol. 61:209-234.
[32] Carre, B., 2004. Causes for variation in starch digestibility of feedstuffs among the World's Poultry Science Journal, Vol. 60, pp.: 76-91.
[33] Reeds, P. J., D. G. Burrin, T. A. Davis, M. A. Fiorotto, H. J. Mersmann and W. G. Pond., 1993. Growth regulation with particular reference to the pig. In: Growth of the Pig. Ed: G. R. Hollis. CAB International. pp. 1-32.
[34] Rideout, T. C., Liu, Q., Wood, P., and Fan, M. Z., 2008. Nutrient utilisation and intestinal fermentation are differentially affected by the consumption of resistant starch varities and conventional fibres in pigs. British Journal of Nutrition, 99: 984–992
[35] Whittemore, C. T, 1993. The Sciece and practice of pig production. Longman Scientific & Technical, England.
Author Information
  • Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang-East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

  • Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

  • Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

  • Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Sabarta Sembiring, Pratiwi Trisunuwati, Osfar Sjofjan, Irfan Djunaidi. (2021). Effect of Fermented Kepok Banana Corm Inclusion in the Diet on the Nutrient Digestibility and Mineral Ca and P Retention of Growing Pigs. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 9(1), 7-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Sabarta Sembiring; Pratiwi Trisunuwati; Osfar Sjofjan; Irfan Djunaidi. Effect of Fermented Kepok Banana Corm Inclusion in the Diet on the Nutrient Digestibility and Mineral Ca and P Retention of Growing Pigs. Am. J. Agric. For. 2021, 9(1), 7-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Sabarta Sembiring, Pratiwi Trisunuwati, Osfar Sjofjan, Irfan Djunaidi. Effect of Fermented Kepok Banana Corm Inclusion in the Diet on the Nutrient Digestibility and Mineral Ca and P Retention of Growing Pigs. Am J Agric For. 2021;9(1):7-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12,
      author = {Sabarta Sembiring and Pratiwi Trisunuwati and Osfar Sjofjan and Irfan Djunaidi},
      title = {Effect of Fermented Kepok Banana Corm Inclusion in the Diet on the Nutrient Digestibility and Mineral Ca and P Retention of Growing Pigs},
      journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {7-12},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20210901.12},
      abstract = {Sixteen crossbred growing pigs Duroc x Landrace, (10 weeks of age; initial body weight 27 ± 3.92 kg) were allotted into four treatments in a randomized block design to evaluate the effects of inclusion of fermented kepok banana corm (FKBC) in the diet on the nutrient digestibility and mineral Ca and P retention of growing pigs. There were four treatments diets offered: basal diets without FKBC (R0); basal diets + 7% FKBC (R1); basal diets + 14% FKBC (R2); basal diets + 21% FKBC (R3). Results of the study showed that inclusion of 21% FKBC in the diet of pigs significantly reduced (P <0.01) dry matter intake compared to the control diet. There were no significant difference between 14% and 21% FKBC on the intake and digestibility of dry matter of the pigs. However, inclusion of FKBC at the level of 7% showed the optimum digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and energy with the average value of 66.57%, 83.43% and 70.76%, respectively. In addition, mineral consumption and retention of Ca and P were 14.30 and 9.10 g/day, respectively with the value of mineral retention both Ca and P were 11.90 and 7.50 g/day, respectively. It can be concluded that inclusion of FKBC at the level of 7% increased dry matter digestibility and energy.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Fermented Kepok Banana Corm Inclusion in the Diet on the Nutrient Digestibility and Mineral Ca and P Retention of Growing Pigs
    AU  - Sabarta Sembiring
    AU  - Pratiwi Trisunuwati
    AU  - Osfar Sjofjan
    AU  - Irfan Djunaidi
    Y1  - 2021/01/12
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12
    T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    SP  - 7
    EP  - 12
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8591
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20210901.12
    AB  - Sixteen crossbred growing pigs Duroc x Landrace, (10 weeks of age; initial body weight 27 ± 3.92 kg) were allotted into four treatments in a randomized block design to evaluate the effects of inclusion of fermented kepok banana corm (FKBC) in the diet on the nutrient digestibility and mineral Ca and P retention of growing pigs. There were four treatments diets offered: basal diets without FKBC (R0); basal diets + 7% FKBC (R1); basal diets + 14% FKBC (R2); basal diets + 21% FKBC (R3). Results of the study showed that inclusion of 21% FKBC in the diet of pigs significantly reduced (P <0.01) dry matter intake compared to the control diet. There were no significant difference between 14% and 21% FKBC on the intake and digestibility of dry matter of the pigs. However, inclusion of FKBC at the level of 7% showed the optimum digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and energy with the average value of 66.57%, 83.43% and 70.76%, respectively. In addition, mineral consumption and retention of Ca and P were 14.30 and 9.10 g/day, respectively with the value of mineral retention both Ca and P were 11.90 and 7.50 g/day, respectively. It can be concluded that inclusion of FKBC at the level of 7% increased dry matter digestibility and energy.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections