American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

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Effects of Phosphorus Supply on Root Morphology and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize Seedlings under Different Water Regimes

Received: 04 January 2020    Accepted: 31 January 2020    Published: 11 February 2020
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Abstract

Water deficit and phosphorus (P) deficiency in soil have become the main limiting factors for the production of maize (Zea mays L.), but it still remains unclear how water and P regulate maize root morphology and P uptake. Through an experiment of potted soil culture, this study has set 4 water gradients [35% (W1), 55% (W2), 75% (W3) and 100% (W4)] of field capacity, and two P levels [high P: 205 mg (P)∙kg-1; low P: 11 mg (P)∙kg-1] to investigate the coupling effects of water and P on root growth and P uptake in maize seedlings. The results have shown that: (1) Regardless of soil P supply, the shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area of maize seedlings shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with increasing water supply intensity; the soil available P content also shows similar trend; the root mass ratio and mean root diameter shows a downward trend with the increase of water supply intensity; furthermore, the P content and P accumulation of plants shows a steady increase with the increase of water supply intensity; (2) Water deficit (W1) and excess water supply (W4) is not conducive to root growth and dry matter accumulation in maize. Water deficit (W1) inhibits the acquisition of soil P by maize, while excess water supply (W4) causes extravagant absorption of soil P (W4). Mild water stress (W2) can promote the growth and dry matter accumulation of maize roots and reduce the extravagant absorption of soil P, and adequate water supply (W3) can promote root growth, dry matter accumulation and the absorption of soil P; (3) Phosphorus supply significantly increases the dry weight, root dry weight (except W4), total root length, root surface area, plant P content (except W4) and P accumulation of maize seedlings, but reduces the root mass ratio of maize. It is thus evident that water is a key factor controlling the morphology and accumulation of dry matter in maize roots, and P is a key factor controlling P uptake and soil available P content in corn field. The better coupling between water and P can promote maize root growth and dry matter accumulation, as well as reduce the extravagant absorption of soil P.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14
Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2020)
Page(s) 22-29
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Water, Phosphorus, Root Morphology, Root Traits, Rhizosphere

References
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[2] Holford I C R (1997). Soil phosphorus: Its measurement, and its uptake by plants. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 35: 227-239.
[3] Vance C P, Uhde-Stone C, Allan D L (2003). Phosphorus acquisition and use: critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. New Phytologist, 157: 423-447.
[4] Hinsinger P, Bengough A G, Vetterlein D, Young I M (2009). Rhizosphere: biophysics, biogeochemistry and ecological relevance. Plant and Soil, 321: 117-152.
[5] Su J, Zhang W J, Du L, et al. (2014). Effects of sucrose on rice root adaptability and phosphate transporter gene expression under phosphorus stress. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 22 (11): 1334-1340.
[6] Shane M W, De Vos M, De Roock S, Lambers H (2003). Shoot P status regulates cluster-root growth and citrate exudation in Lupinus albus grown with a divided root system. Plant Cell and Environment, 26: 265-273.
[7] Li H G, Shen J B, Zhang F S, Tang C X, Lambers H (2008). Is there a critical level of shoot phosphorus concentration for cluster-root formation in Lupinus albus? Functional Plant Biology, 35: 328-336.
[8] Raghothama K G (1999).Phosphate acquisition.Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 50 (1): 665-693.
[9] Hodge A. Roots: The acquisition of water and nutrients from the heterogeneous soil environment. Lüttge U, Beyschlag W, Büdel B, Francis D, Eds. Progress in Botany. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2010, pp. 307-337.
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[11] Garg B K, Burman U, Kathju S (2004). The influence of phosphorus nutrition on the physiological response of moth bean genotypes to drought. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 167: 503-508.
[12] Jin J, Wang G H, Liu X B, et al. (2005). Phosphorus application affects the soybean root response to water deficit at the initial flowering and full pod stages. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 51 (7): 953-960.
[13] Zhao C H, Pang H C, Li Y Y (2009). Effect of interaction of water and phosphorus on maize growth and phosphorus accumulation in fluvo-aquic soil. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 15 (1): 236-240.
[14] Qiao Z J, Cai K Z, Luo S M (2011). Interactive effects of low phosphorus and drought stress on dry matter accumulation and phosphorus efficiency of soybean plants. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 31 (19): 5578-5587.
[15] Song C J, Ma K M, Qu L Y, et al. (2010). Interactive effects of water, nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth, biomass partitioning and water-use efficiency of Bauhinia faberi seedlings. Journal of Arid Environments, 74: 1003-1012.
[16] Lu R K. Methods of soil agricultural chemical analysis. Beijing: China Agriculture Sci-tech Press, 2000.
[17] Hermans C, Hammond J P, White P J, et al. (2006). How do plants respond to nutrient shortage by biomass allocation? Trends in Plant Science, 11: 610–617.
[18] Songsri P, Jogloy S, Vorasoot N, et al. (2008). Root distribution of drought-resistant peanut genotypes in response to drought. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194: 92-103.
[19] Feng G L, Liu C M. Wang L (1996). Roles of soil water in regulating root growth and distribution. Eco-Agriculture Research, 3: 7-11.
[20] Jungk A, Barber S A (1974). Phosphate uptake rate of corn roots as related to the proportion of the roots exposed to phosphate. Agronomy Journal, 66: 554-557.
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Author Information
  • College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, P. R. China

  • College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, P. R. China

  • College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, P. R. China

  • College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, P. R. China

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    Xinying Chen, Yanjun Gao, Lingjun Hong, Hongliang Tang. (2020). Effects of Phosphorus Supply on Root Morphology and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize Seedlings under Different Water Regimes. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 8(1), 22-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14

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    Xinying Chen; Yanjun Gao; Lingjun Hong; Hongliang Tang. Effects of Phosphorus Supply on Root Morphology and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize Seedlings under Different Water Regimes. Am. J. Agric. For. 2020, 8(1), 22-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14

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    AMA Style

    Xinying Chen, Yanjun Gao, Lingjun Hong, Hongliang Tang. Effects of Phosphorus Supply on Root Morphology and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize Seedlings under Different Water Regimes. Am J Agric For. 2020;8(1):22-29. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14,
      author = {Xinying Chen and Yanjun Gao and Lingjun Hong and Hongliang Tang},
      title = {Effects of Phosphorus Supply on Root Morphology and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize Seedlings under Different Water Regimes},
      journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {22-29},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20200801.14},
      abstract = {Water deficit and phosphorus (P) deficiency in soil have become the main limiting factors for the production of maize (Zea mays L.), but it still remains unclear how water and P regulate maize root morphology and P uptake. Through an experiment of potted soil culture, this study has set 4 water gradients [35% (W1), 55% (W2), 75% (W3) and 100% (W4)] of field capacity, and two P levels [high P: 205 mg (P)∙kg-1; low P: 11 mg (P)∙kg-1] to investigate the coupling effects of water and P on root growth and P uptake in maize seedlings. The results have shown that: (1) Regardless of soil P supply, the shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area of maize seedlings shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with increasing water supply intensity; the soil available P content also shows similar trend; the root mass ratio and mean root diameter shows a downward trend with the increase of water supply intensity; furthermore, the P content and P accumulation of plants shows a steady increase with the increase of water supply intensity; (2) Water deficit (W1) and excess water supply (W4) is not conducive to root growth and dry matter accumulation in maize. Water deficit (W1) inhibits the acquisition of soil P by maize, while excess water supply (W4) causes extravagant absorption of soil P (W4). Mild water stress (W2) can promote the growth and dry matter accumulation of maize roots and reduce the extravagant absorption of soil P, and adequate water supply (W3) can promote root growth, dry matter accumulation and the absorption of soil P; (3) Phosphorus supply significantly increases the dry weight, root dry weight (except W4), total root length, root surface area, plant P content (except W4) and P accumulation of maize seedlings, but reduces the root mass ratio of maize. It is thus evident that water is a key factor controlling the morphology and accumulation of dry matter in maize roots, and P is a key factor controlling P uptake and soil available P content in corn field. The better coupling between water and P can promote maize root growth and dry matter accumulation, as well as reduce the extravagant absorption of soil P.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effects of Phosphorus Supply on Root Morphology and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize Seedlings under Different Water Regimes
    AU  - Xinying Chen
    AU  - Yanjun Gao
    AU  - Lingjun Hong
    AU  - Hongliang Tang
    Y1  - 2020/02/11
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14
    T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    SP  - 22
    EP  - 29
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8591
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20200801.14
    AB  - Water deficit and phosphorus (P) deficiency in soil have become the main limiting factors for the production of maize (Zea mays L.), but it still remains unclear how water and P regulate maize root morphology and P uptake. Through an experiment of potted soil culture, this study has set 4 water gradients [35% (W1), 55% (W2), 75% (W3) and 100% (W4)] of field capacity, and two P levels [high P: 205 mg (P)∙kg-1; low P: 11 mg (P)∙kg-1] to investigate the coupling effects of water and P on root growth and P uptake in maize seedlings. The results have shown that: (1) Regardless of soil P supply, the shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area of maize seedlings shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with increasing water supply intensity; the soil available P content also shows similar trend; the root mass ratio and mean root diameter shows a downward trend with the increase of water supply intensity; furthermore, the P content and P accumulation of plants shows a steady increase with the increase of water supply intensity; (2) Water deficit (W1) and excess water supply (W4) is not conducive to root growth and dry matter accumulation in maize. Water deficit (W1) inhibits the acquisition of soil P by maize, while excess water supply (W4) causes extravagant absorption of soil P (W4). Mild water stress (W2) can promote the growth and dry matter accumulation of maize roots and reduce the extravagant absorption of soil P, and adequate water supply (W3) can promote root growth, dry matter accumulation and the absorption of soil P; (3) Phosphorus supply significantly increases the dry weight, root dry weight (except W4), total root length, root surface area, plant P content (except W4) and P accumulation of maize seedlings, but reduces the root mass ratio of maize. It is thus evident that water is a key factor controlling the morphology and accumulation of dry matter in maize roots, and P is a key factor controlling P uptake and soil available P content in corn field. The better coupling between water and P can promote maize root growth and dry matter accumulation, as well as reduce the extravagant absorption of soil P.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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