American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

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Recycling Polyurethane Materials to Improve Properties of Wood Composite Panels

Received: 12 July 2019    Accepted: 04 August 2019    Published: 15 August 2019
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Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using polyurethane (PU) foam wastes obtained from automobile shredder residue (ASR) in wood composite panel (fiberboard) production. PU foam wastes from ASR were picked by hand, cleaned by water and acetone, grounded into powders of two sizes (60 mesh and 120 mesh), and dried to remove moisture. The PU powders were characterized by stereomicroscope and then partially replaced pMDI resin at percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% (based on the weight of pMDI resin). The PU powders were mixed with wood fibers to make fiberboards. The results showed that the addition of PU powders increased both the physical and mechanical properties of fiberboards. At replacing percentages from 5% to 30%, the properties of fiberboards increased. However, further increase of replacing percentages (from 30% to 50%) resulted in lower properties of fiberboard. When observed at a magnification of 125 times by a stereomicroscope, PU powders of 60 mesh had more foam features while PU powders of 120 mesh had more particle features. The fiberboards bonded by pMDI resin and PU powders of 120 mesh had better water resistance and mechanical properties than those bonded by pMDI and PU powders of 60 mesh. The use of PU powders in fiberboard production provided a new possible way of recycling PU foam wastes. The fiberboard has advantages of formaldehyde-free, better water resistance, higher mechanical properties, and lower material cost.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14
Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2019)
Page(s) 146-151
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Polyurethane Foam Waste, Recycle, Dipheny Lmethane Diisocyanate, Fiberboard

References
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[2] J. Haydary, and S. Dalibor, Characterization of automobile shredder residue for purpose of its thermal conversion. Journal of Solid Waste Technology and Management, 41 (1), 41-49, 2015.
[3] A. Mao, E. B. Hassan, and M. G. Kim, The effects of adding melamine at different resin synthesis points of low mole ratio urea-melamine-formaldehyde (UMF) resins. BioResources, 8 (4), 5733-5748, 2013.
[4] J. Luo, J. Zhang, Q. Gao, A. Mao, and J. Li, Toughening and enhancing melamine-urea-formaldehyde resin properties via in situ polymerization of dialdehyde starch and microphase separation. Polymers, 11, 1167-1185, 2019.
[5] Q. Wang, N. Wu, X. Li, W. Hui, H. Lei, G. Du, Z. Wu, and S. Liu, Improving the performance of Eucalyptus wood particle board panels with low free formaldehyde emission urea-formaldehyde resin using Pectinase enzyme pre-treatments. BioResources, 13 (2), 2996-3004, 2018.
[6] R. Wang, Z. Zhang, R. Chen, L. Zhao, C. Wang, and F. Chu, Synthesis of phenol-urea-formaldehyde resin and its reaction mechanism. Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products, 38 (1), 101-109, 2018.
[7] Y. Pang, W. Xu, Q. Li, C. Li, and A. Mao, Research progress of bio-based wood adhesives. China Forest Products Industry, 45 (4), 3-7, 2018.
[8] Q. Gao, C. Liu, J. Luo, X. Li, L. Chen, W. Wang, and J. Li, Effects of resin open time and melamine addition on cold pre-pressing performance of a urea-formaldehyde resin. European Journal of Wood and Wood products, 76 (4), 1253-1261, 2018.
[9] Q. Li. M. Li, C. Chen, G. Cao, A. Mao, and H. Wan, Adhesives from polymeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate resin and recycled polyols for plywood. Forest Products Journal, 67 (3/4), 275-282, 2017.
[10] H. Bene, R. Cerna, A. Durackova, and P. Latalova, Utilization of natural oils for decomposition of polyurethanes. Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 20 (1), 175-185, 2012.
[11] Q. Li, M. Li, C. Cheng, G. M. Cao, A. Mao, and H. Wan, Adhesives from Polymeric Methylene Diphenyl Diisocyanate Resin and Recycled Polyols for Plywood. Forest Products Journal, 67 (3/4), 275-282, 2017.
[12] H. R. Mansouri, A. Pizzi, Recycled micronized polyurethane powders as active extenders of UF and PF wood panel adhesives. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff, 65 (4), 293-299, 2007.
[13] A. Mao, R. Shmulsky, Q. Li, and H. Wan, Recycling polyurethane materials: A comparison of polyol from glycolysis with micronized polyurethane powder in particleboard applications. BioResources, 9 (3), 4253-4265, 2014.
[14] P. Berthevas, G. Santoro, R. Wevers, H. Gruenbauer, and A. Pizzi, Recycled polyurethane foam powder can be used in conjunction with pMDI in particle boards to obtain the required properties while reducing costs. 9th European Panel Products Symposium, Llandudno, Wales, UK, 40-47, 2005.
[15] A. Pizzi, Synthetic adhesives for wood panels: Chemistry and Technology-a critical review. Reviews of Adhesion & Adhesives, 2 (1), 85-125, 2014.
Author Information
  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China

  • College of Material and Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China

  • Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Silviculture of the Lower Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China

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  • APA Style

    Xiaosheng Liu, Yanfang Pang, Tongtong Cui, Yan Li, Enhua Xi, et al. (2019). Recycling Polyurethane Materials to Improve Properties of Wood Composite Panels. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 7(4), 146-151. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14

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    ACS Style

    Xiaosheng Liu; Yanfang Pang; Tongtong Cui; Yan Li; Enhua Xi, et al. Recycling Polyurethane Materials to Improve Properties of Wood Composite Panels. Am. J. Agric. For. 2019, 7(4), 146-151. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14

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    AMA Style

    Xiaosheng Liu, Yanfang Pang, Tongtong Cui, Yan Li, Enhua Xi, et al. Recycling Polyurethane Materials to Improve Properties of Wood Composite Panels. Am J Agric For. 2019;7(4):146-151. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14,
      author = {Xiaosheng Liu and Yanfang Pang and Tongtong Cui and Yan Li and Enhua Xi and Xin Liu and Qi Li and Hui Wan and An Mao},
      title = {Recycling Polyurethane Materials to Improve Properties of Wood Composite Panels},
      journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
      volume = {7},
      number = {4},
      pages = {146-151},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20190704.14},
      abstract = {The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using polyurethane (PU) foam wastes obtained from automobile shredder residue (ASR) in wood composite panel (fiberboard) production. PU foam wastes from ASR were picked by hand, cleaned by water and acetone, grounded into powders of two sizes (60 mesh and 120 mesh), and dried to remove moisture. The PU powders were characterized by stereomicroscope and then partially replaced pMDI resin at percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% (based on the weight of pMDI resin). The PU powders were mixed with wood fibers to make fiberboards. The results showed that the addition of PU powders increased both the physical and mechanical properties of fiberboards. At replacing percentages from 5% to 30%, the properties of fiberboards increased. However, further increase of replacing percentages (from 30% to 50%) resulted in lower properties of fiberboard. When observed at a magnification of 125 times by a stereomicroscope, PU powders of 60 mesh had more foam features while PU powders of 120 mesh had more particle features. The fiberboards bonded by pMDI resin and PU powders of 120 mesh had better water resistance and mechanical properties than those bonded by pMDI and PU powders of 60 mesh. The use of PU powders in fiberboard production provided a new possible way of recycling PU foam wastes. The fiberboard has advantages of formaldehyde-free, better water resistance, higher mechanical properties, and lower material cost.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Recycling Polyurethane Materials to Improve Properties of Wood Composite Panels
    AU  - Xiaosheng Liu
    AU  - Yanfang Pang
    AU  - Tongtong Cui
    AU  - Yan Li
    AU  - Enhua Xi
    AU  - Xin Liu
    AU  - Qi Li
    AU  - Hui Wan
    AU  - An Mao
    Y1  - 2019/08/15
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14
    T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
    SP  - 146
    EP  - 151
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8591
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20190704.14
    AB  - The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using polyurethane (PU) foam wastes obtained from automobile shredder residue (ASR) in wood composite panel (fiberboard) production. PU foam wastes from ASR were picked by hand, cleaned by water and acetone, grounded into powders of two sizes (60 mesh and 120 mesh), and dried to remove moisture. The PU powders were characterized by stereomicroscope and then partially replaced pMDI resin at percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% (based on the weight of pMDI resin). The PU powders were mixed with wood fibers to make fiberboards. The results showed that the addition of PU powders increased both the physical and mechanical properties of fiberboards. At replacing percentages from 5% to 30%, the properties of fiberboards increased. However, further increase of replacing percentages (from 30% to 50%) resulted in lower properties of fiberboard. When observed at a magnification of 125 times by a stereomicroscope, PU powders of 60 mesh had more foam features while PU powders of 120 mesh had more particle features. The fiberboards bonded by pMDI resin and PU powders of 120 mesh had better water resistance and mechanical properties than those bonded by pMDI and PU powders of 60 mesh. The use of PU powders in fiberboard production provided a new possible way of recycling PU foam wastes. The fiberboard has advantages of formaldehyde-free, better water resistance, higher mechanical properties, and lower material cost.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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