An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions

Da-Li Fu; Hao Fu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14

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An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions

Da-Li Fu, Hao Fu

Published in American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 6, Issue 3)

Received: 18 May 2018 Accepted: 1 June 2018 Published: 25 June 2018

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Abstract

Evolutionary research is guided by the scientific basis of organism evolution. To overcome the limitations of being partial and subjective in the tree of life or phylogenetic system, the authors proposed a basic principle of organism evolution, evolutionary continuity principle. Based on this principle, the evolutions can be divided into two basic forms: vertical evolution and horizontal evolution. The vertical evolution is that evolution of the structures and features of organisms from non-existent to entirety, from simple to complex, or from primitive to advanced. The evolutionary course of vertical evolution can be divided into two or three significantly different phases, such as plants: the non-vascular → the vascular, non-seed → Gymnospermophyta→ Fructophyta, and the animals: Proenteratozoa → Coelenteratozoa → Euenterata, Prochordatozoa → Chordatozoa → Vertebrognathozoa. The horizontal evolution is that evolution of structures and features from loose to compact, from inefficient to efficient, or from primitive to advanced, which can also cause significant organism changes, such as Nudembryophyta (Plantae) → Proenteratozoa (Animalia), Bacterophyla → Acytophyla. Based on the continuity principle, the new evolutionary taxonomical system of divisions was established and the evolutionary diagram was drawn. The new system includes 20 divisions in three kingdoms, and 11 of those divisions are new. These are: I. Regnum Microbia D. L. Fu: 1.Cyanoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 2. Bacterophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 3. Acytophyla D. L. Fu, 4.Monoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 5. Monomycophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 6.Eualgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 7. Fungophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; II. Regnum Plantae L. emend. D. L. Fu: 8. Nudembryophyta D. L. Fu, 9.Bryophyta, 10. Pteridophyta, 11. Gymnospermophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl.nov., 12. Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; III. Regnum Animalia L. emend. D. L. Fu: 13. Proenteratozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 14. Coelenteratozoa, 15.Nematozoa, 16. Annelidozoa, 17. Arthropodozoa, 18. Prochordatozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 19. Chordatozoa, 20.Vertebrognathozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.. The new evolutionary theory, new evolutionary taxa and new evolutionary system can provide scientific bases for Evolutionomy, a new science of organism evolution.

Published in	American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14
Page(s)	60-64
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Evolutionary Continuity Principle, Evolutionomy, Evolutionary System, Organism Division, New Evolutionary Taxa

References

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[2]	A. Nasir, K. M .Kim, and A. G. Caetano. “Giant viruses coexisted with the cellular ancestors and represent a distinct supergroup along with superkingdoms Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya”. BMC Evol Bio, vol. 12. pp. 156, 2012.
[3]	M. Jalasvuori and J. K. Bamford. “Structural co-evolution of viruses and cells in the primordial world”. Orig Life Evol Biosph, vol. 38, pp. 165-181, 2008.
[4]	J. Durzyńska and A. Goździcka-Józefiak. “Viruses and cells intertwined since the dawn of evolution”. Virology Journal, vol. 12, pp. 169, 2015. DOI 10.1186/s12985-015-0400-7.
[5]	D. L. Fu. “Embryos ― the evolutionary boundary of kingdoms of organisms”. Journal of Forestry Research, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 65-66, 2005.
[6]	R. H. Whittaker. “New concepts of kingdoms of organisms”. Science, vol. 163, pp. 150–160, 1969.
[7]	L. Y. Liu and G. M. Zheng. “General zoology”. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1997. [in Chinese]
[8]	S. X. Chen and S. Y. Chen. “The taxonomy of kingdoms of organisms”. Acta Zoot Sinica, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1–11, 1979. [in Chinese]
[9]	G. H. Zhu. “International code of botanical nomenclature”. Beijing: Science Press, 2000. [in Chinese]
[10]	D. Z. Li (translator). “Plant systematic, A phylogenetic approach”. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2012. [in Chinese]

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Da-Li Fu, Hao Fu. (2018). An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 6(3), 60-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14

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Da-Li Fu; Hao Fu. An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions. Am. J. Agric. For. 2018, 6(3), 60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14

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Da-Li Fu, Hao Fu. An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions. Am J Agric For. 2018;6(3):60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14,
  author = {Da-Li Fu and Hao Fu},
  title = {An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {60-64},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20180603.14},
  abstract = {Evolutionary research is guided by the scientific basis of organism evolution. To overcome the limitations of being partial and subjective in the tree of life or phylogenetic system, the authors proposed a basic principle of organism evolution, evolutionary continuity principle. Based on this principle, the evolutions can be divided into two basic forms: vertical evolution and horizontal evolution. The vertical evolution is that evolution of the structures and features of organisms from non-existent to entirety, from simple to complex, or from primitive to advanced. The evolutionary course of vertical evolution can be divided into two or three significantly different phases, such as plants: the non-vascular → the vascular, non-seed → Gymnospermophyta→ Fructophyta, and the animals: Proenteratozoa → Coelenteratozoa → Euenterata, Prochordatozoa → Chordatozoa → Vertebrognathozoa. The horizontal evolution is that evolution of structures and features from loose to compact, from inefficient to efficient, or from primitive to advanced, which can also cause significant organism changes, such as Nudembryophyta (Plantae) → Proenteratozoa (Animalia), Bacterophyla → Acytophyla. Based on the continuity principle, the new evolutionary taxonomical system of divisions was established and the evolutionary diagram was drawn. The new system includes 20 divisions in three kingdoms, and 11 of those divisions are new. These are: I. Regnum Microbia D. L. Fu: 1.Cyanoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 2. Bacterophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 3. Acytophyla D. L. Fu, 4.Monoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 5. Monomycophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 6.Eualgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 7. Fungophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; II. Regnum Plantae L. emend. D. L. Fu: 8. Nudembryophyta D. L. Fu, 9.Bryophyta, 10. Pteridophyta, 11. Gymnospermophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl.nov., 12. Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; III. Regnum Animalia L. emend. D. L. Fu: 13. Proenteratozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 14. Coelenteratozoa, 15.Nematozoa, 16. Annelidozoa, 17. Arthropodozoa, 18. Prochordatozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 19. Chordatozoa, 20.Vertebrognathozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.. The new evolutionary theory, new evolutionary taxa and new evolutionary system can provide scientific bases for Evolutionomy, a new science of organism evolution.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions
AU  - Da-Li Fu
AU  - Hao Fu
Y1  - 2018/06/25
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 60
EP  - 64
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14
AB  - Evolutionary research is guided by the scientific basis of organism evolution. To overcome the limitations of being partial and subjective in the tree of life or phylogenetic system, the authors proposed a basic principle of organism evolution, evolutionary continuity principle. Based on this principle, the evolutions can be divided into two basic forms: vertical evolution and horizontal evolution. The vertical evolution is that evolution of the structures and features of organisms from non-existent to entirety, from simple to complex, or from primitive to advanced. The evolutionary course of vertical evolution can be divided into two or three significantly different phases, such as plants: the non-vascular → the vascular, non-seed → Gymnospermophyta→ Fructophyta, and the animals: Proenteratozoa → Coelenteratozoa → Euenterata, Prochordatozoa → Chordatozoa → Vertebrognathozoa. The horizontal evolution is that evolution of structures and features from loose to compact, from inefficient to efficient, or from primitive to advanced, which can also cause significant organism changes, such as Nudembryophyta (Plantae) → Proenteratozoa (Animalia), Bacterophyla → Acytophyla. Based on the continuity principle, the new evolutionary taxonomical system of divisions was established and the evolutionary diagram was drawn. The new system includes 20 divisions in three kingdoms, and 11 of those divisions are new. These are: I. Regnum Microbia D. L. Fu: 1.Cyanoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 2. Bacterophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 3. Acytophyla D. L. Fu, 4.Monoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 5. Monomycophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 6.Eualgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 7. Fungophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; II. Regnum Plantae L. emend. D. L. Fu: 8. Nudembryophyta D. L. Fu, 9.Bryophyta, 10. Pteridophyta, 11. Gymnospermophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl.nov., 12. Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; III. Regnum Animalia L. emend. D. L. Fu: 13. Proenteratozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 14. Coelenteratozoa, 15.Nematozoa, 16. Annelidozoa, 17. Arthropodozoa, 18. Prochordatozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 19. Chordatozoa, 20.Vertebrognathozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.. The new evolutionary theory, new evolutionary taxa and new evolutionary system can provide scientific bases for Evolutionomy, a new science of organism evolution.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Da-Li Fu

Non-timber Forestry Research and Development Center, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Zhengzhou, China
Hao Fu

College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China

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APA Style

Da-Li Fu, Hao Fu. (2018). An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions. American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 6(3), 60-64. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14

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ACS Style

Da-Li Fu; Hao Fu. An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions. Am. J. Agric. For. 2018, 6(3), 60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14

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AMA Style

Da-Li Fu, Hao Fu. An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions. Am J Agric For. 2018;6(3):60-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14,
  author = {Da-Li Fu and Hao Fu},
  title = {An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions},
  journal = {American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {60-64},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaf.20180603.14},
  abstract = {Evolutionary research is guided by the scientific basis of organism evolution. To overcome the limitations of being partial and subjective in the tree of life or phylogenetic system, the authors proposed a basic principle of organism evolution, evolutionary continuity principle. Based on this principle, the evolutions can be divided into two basic forms: vertical evolution and horizontal evolution. The vertical evolution is that evolution of the structures and features of organisms from non-existent to entirety, from simple to complex, or from primitive to advanced. The evolutionary course of vertical evolution can be divided into two or three significantly different phases, such as plants: the non-vascular → the vascular, non-seed → Gymnospermophyta→ Fructophyta, and the animals: Proenteratozoa → Coelenteratozoa → Euenterata, Prochordatozoa → Chordatozoa → Vertebrognathozoa. The horizontal evolution is that evolution of structures and features from loose to compact, from inefficient to efficient, or from primitive to advanced, which can also cause significant organism changes, such as Nudembryophyta (Plantae) → Proenteratozoa (Animalia), Bacterophyla → Acytophyla. Based on the continuity principle, the new evolutionary taxonomical system of divisions was established and the evolutionary diagram was drawn. The new system includes 20 divisions in three kingdoms, and 11 of those divisions are new. These are: I. Regnum Microbia D. L. Fu: 1.Cyanoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 2. Bacterophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 3. Acytophyla D. L. Fu, 4.Monoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 5. Monomycophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 6.Eualgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 7. Fungophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; II. Regnum Plantae L. emend. D. L. Fu: 8. Nudembryophyta D. L. Fu, 9.Bryophyta, 10. Pteridophyta, 11. Gymnospermophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl.nov., 12. Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; III. Regnum Animalia L. emend. D. L. Fu: 13. Proenteratozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 14. Coelenteratozoa, 15.Nematozoa, 16. Annelidozoa, 17. Arthropodozoa, 18. Prochordatozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 19. Chordatozoa, 20.Vertebrognathozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.. The new evolutionary theory, new evolutionary taxa and new evolutionary system can provide scientific bases for Evolutionomy, a new science of organism evolution.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - An Evolutionary Continuity Principle for Evolutionary System of Organism Divisions
AU  - Da-Li Fu
AU  - Hao Fu
Y1  - 2018/06/25
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14
T2  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JF  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
JO  - American Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
SP  - 60
EP  - 64
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8591
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaf.20180603.14
AB  - Evolutionary research is guided by the scientific basis of organism evolution. To overcome the limitations of being partial and subjective in the tree of life or phylogenetic system, the authors proposed a basic principle of organism evolution, evolutionary continuity principle. Based on this principle, the evolutions can be divided into two basic forms: vertical evolution and horizontal evolution. The vertical evolution is that evolution of the structures and features of organisms from non-existent to entirety, from simple to complex, or from primitive to advanced. The evolutionary course of vertical evolution can be divided into two or three significantly different phases, such as plants: the non-vascular → the vascular, non-seed → Gymnospermophyta→ Fructophyta, and the animals: Proenteratozoa → Coelenteratozoa → Euenterata, Prochordatozoa → Chordatozoa → Vertebrognathozoa. The horizontal evolution is that evolution of structures and features from loose to compact, from inefficient to efficient, or from primitive to advanced, which can also cause significant organism changes, such as Nudembryophyta (Plantae) → Proenteratozoa (Animalia), Bacterophyla → Acytophyla. Based on the continuity principle, the new evolutionary taxonomical system of divisions was established and the evolutionary diagram was drawn. The new system includes 20 divisions in three kingdoms, and 11 of those divisions are new. These are: I. Regnum Microbia D. L. Fu: 1.Cyanoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 2. Bacterophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 3. Acytophyla D. L. Fu, 4.Monoalgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 5. Monomycophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 6.Eualgophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 7. Fungophyla D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; II. Regnum Plantae L. emend. D. L. Fu: 8. Nudembryophyta D. L. Fu, 9.Bryophyta, 10. Pteridophyta, 11. Gymnospermophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl.nov., 12. Fructophyta D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.; III. Regnum Animalia L. emend. D. L. Fu: 13. Proenteratozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 14. Coelenteratozoa, 15.Nematozoa, 16. Annelidozoa, 17. Arthropodozoa, 18. Prochordatozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov., 19. Chordatozoa, 20.Vertebrognathozoa D. L. Fu & H. Fu, phyl. nov.. The new evolutionary theory, new evolutionary taxa and new evolutionary system can provide scientific bases for Evolutionomy, a new science of organism evolution.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

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