| Peer-Reviewed

Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase Activity Determination in Epididymis of Corynorhinusmexicanus Bat Throughout Its Annual Cycle

Received: 28 January 2015    Accepted: 29 January 2015    Published: 27 February 2015
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

GGT initiates the degradation of both oxidized and reduced glutathione at the cell surface by cleaving the unique gamma glutamyl bond. The successive hydrolysis of oxidized or reduced CysGly by aminopeptidase or dipeptidase releases Gly, and cysteine/cysteine is recovered for intracellular synthesis of glutathione. In addition, GGT plays a major physiological role in providing cysteine to cells for GSH synthesis and protein synthesis, thereby playing a major role in antioxidant defense and normal growth. GGT is present in the epididymis, principally in caput. The catalytic activity of GGT is highest in the proximal epididymal regions and decreases toward the distal regions; participating in the epididymal sperm maturation process.In most mammals, epididymal sperm maturation takes place in a period not exceeding ten days, ending in the distal part of the corpus of the epididymis, before reaching the caudal region, which is responsible only for sperm storage; however, in C. mexicanus the epididymal sperm maturation ends in caudal epididymalregion.For this reason, the main goal of the present study was to determine the relationship between the GGT activity through the caput and caudal epididymal regions, throughout annual cycle of Corynorhinusmexicanus bat.We found that the GGT activity appears to be important for epididymal sperm maturation in C. mexicanus bat in cephalic region, and important for protection against ROS epididymal caudal region.

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 3, Issue 1-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Bat’s Reproduction

DOI 10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12
Page(s) 8-12
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bats, Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase, Epididymis, Sperm Maturation, Glutathione

References
[1] T. Kasai, and P.O. Larsen, "Chemistry and Biochemistry of γ-Glutamyl Derivatives from Plants Including Mushrooms (Basidiomycetes), in Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe / Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products", W. Herz, H. Grisebach, and G.W. Kirby, Editors. Springer: Vienna, 1980, pp. 173-285.
[2] Taniguchi, N. and Y. Ikeda, gamma-Glutamyl transpeptidase: catalytic mechanism and gene expression. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol, 1998. 72: p. 239-78.
[3] Kinlough, C.L., et al., Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase: disulfide bridges, propeptide cleavage, and activation in the endoplasmic reticulum. Methods Enzymol, 2005. 401: p. 426-49.
[4] Barrios, R., et al., Oxygen-induced pulmonary injury in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice. Lung, 2001. 179(5): p. 319-30.
[5] Chevez-Barrios, P., et al., Cataract development in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice. Exp Eye Res, 2000. 71(6): p. 575-82.
[6] Harding, C.O., et al., Mice with genetic gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency exhibit glutathionuria, severe growth failure, reduced life spans, and infertility. J Biol Chem, 1997. 272(19): p. 12560-7.
[7] Jean, J.C., et al., gamma-Glutamyl transferase (GGT) deficiency in the GGTenu1 mouse results from a single point mutation that leads to a stop codon in the first coding exon of GGT mRNA. Mutagenesis, 1999. 14(1): p. 31-6.
[8] Jean, J.C., et al., Gamma-glutamyl transferase deficiency results in lung oxidant stress in normoxia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 2002. 283(4): p. L766-76.
[9] Kumar, T.R., et al., Reproductive defects in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice. Endocrinology, 2000. 141(11): p. 4270-7.
[10] Levasseur, R., et al., Reversible skeletal abnormalities in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice. Endocrinology, 2003. 144(7): p. 2761-4.
[11] Lipton, A.J., et al., S-nitrosothiols signal the ventilatory response to hypoxia. Nature, 2001. 413(6852): p. 171-4.
[12] Pardo, A., et al., Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis is attenuated in gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-deficient mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2003. 167(6): p. 925-32.
[13] Kohdaira, T., et al., Distribution of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in male reproductive system of rats and its age-related changes. Andrologia, 1986. 18(6): p. 610-7.
[14] DeLap, L.W., S.S. Tate, and A. Meister, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and related enzyme activities inthe reproductive system of the male rat. Life Sci, 1977. 20(4): p. 673-9.
[15] Agrawal, Y.P., T. Peura, and T. Vanha-Perttula, Distribution of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the mouse epididymis and its response to acivicin. J Reprod Fertil, 1989. 86(1): p. 185-93.
[16] Sullivan, R., G. Frenette, and J. Girouard, Epididymosomes are involved in the acquisition of new sperm proteins during epididymal transit. Asian J Androl, 2007. 9(4): p. 483-91.
[17] Lewis, B. and R.J. Aitken, Impact of epididymal maturation on the tyrosine phosphorylation patterns exhibited by rat spermatozoa. Biol Reprod, 2001. 64(5): p. 1545-56.
[18] Filomeni, G., G. Rotilio, and M.R. Ciriolo, Cell signalling and the glutathione redox system. Biochem Pharmacol, 2002. 64(5-6): p. 1057-64.
[19] Paolicchi, A., et al., Glutathione catabolism as a signaling mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol, 2002. 64(5-6): p. 1027-35.
[20] Accaoui, M.J., et al., Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-dependent glutathione catabolism results in activation of NF-kB. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2000. 276(3): p. 1062-7.
[21] Bernard Robaire, B.T.H., and Marie-Claire Orgebin-Crist, The Epididymis, in Knobil and Neill’s Physiology of Reproduction, J.D. Neill, Editor. 2006.
[22] León-Galván, M.A., et al., Male reproductive cycle of mexican big-eared bats, corynorhinus mexicanus (chiroptera: vespertilionidae). The Southwestern Naturalist, 2005. 50(4): p. 453-460.
[23] Arenas-Ríos, E., et al., Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the testis of the Mexican big-eared bat (Corynorhinus mexicanus) during its annual reproductive cycle. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 2007. 148(1): p. 150-158.
[24] Cervantes, M.I., et al., Spermatozoa epididymal maturation in the Mexican big-eared bat (Corynorhinus mexicanus). Syst Biol Reprod Med, 2008. 54(4-5): p. 196-204.
[25] SEMARNAT, NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo. 2010: México.
[26] Sikes, R.S. and W.L. Gannon, Guidelines of the American Society of Mammalogists for the use of wild mammals in research. Journal of Mammalogy, 2011. 92(1): p. 235-253.
[27] Arenas-Ríos, E., et al., Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase during epididymal maturation and prolonged storage of spermatozoa in the Mexican big-eared bat (Corynorhinus mexicanus). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2005. 83(12): p. 1556-1565.
[28] Agrawal, Y.P. and T. Vanha-Perttula, Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, glutathione, and L-glutamic acid in the rat epididymis during postnatal development. Biol Reprod, 1988. 38(5): p. 996-1000.
[29] Sokal, R.R. and F.J. Rohlf, Biometry. 1995: W. H. Freeman.
[30] López-Wilchis, R., Fisiología de Plecotus mexicanus (Chiroptera vespertilidae) en el estado de Tlaxcala, in UNAM. 1989, UNAM: México.
[31] León-Galvan, M.A., et al., Prolonged storage of spermatozoa in the genital tract of female Mexican big-eared bats (Corynorhinus mexicanus): the role of lipid peroxidation. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 1999. 77(1): p. 7-12.
[32] León-Galván, M.A., Espermatogénesis en el murciélago Corynorhinus mexicanus, participación de la muerte celular por apoptosis, in Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud. 2008, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa: México.
[33] Arenas-Ríos, E., Enzimas anti-especies reactivas de oxígeno, como reguladores en los procesos de espermatogénesis maduración y almacenamiento prolongado de espermatozoides en el murciélago Corynorhinus mexicanus. 2009, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México.
[34] Cooper, T., Epididymis, in Encyclopedia of reproduction, J.D.N. E. Knovil, Editor. 1999. p. 1-17.
[35] Rodríguez-Tobón, A., et al., Tyrosine phosphorylation as evidence of epididymal cauda participation in the sperm maturation process of the Corynorhinus mexicanus bat. , in Acta Zoologica-stockholm, In press. 2015.
[36] Palladino, M.A. and B.T. Hinton, Developmental regulation of expression of multiple gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase mRNAs in the postnatal rat epididymis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 1994. 198(2): p. 554-9.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Arenas-Ríos Edith, Rosado Adolfo, Rodríguez-Tobón Ernesto, Rodríguez-Tobón Ahiezer, León-Galván Miguel Ángel. (2015). Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase Activity Determination in Epididymis of Corynorhinusmexicanus Bat Throughout Its Annual Cycle. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 3(1-1), 8-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Arenas-Ríos Edith; Rosado Adolfo; Rodríguez-Tobón Ernesto; Rodríguez-Tobón Ahiezer; León-Galván Miguel Ángel. Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase Activity Determination in Epididymis of Corynorhinusmexicanus Bat Throughout Its Annual Cycle. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2015, 3(1-1), 8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Arenas-Ríos Edith, Rosado Adolfo, Rodríguez-Tobón Ernesto, Rodríguez-Tobón Ahiezer, León-Galván Miguel Ángel. Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase Activity Determination in Epididymis of Corynorhinusmexicanus Bat Throughout Its Annual Cycle. Anim Vet Sci. 2015;3(1-1):8-12. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12,
      author = {Arenas-Ríos Edith and Rosado Adolfo and Rodríguez-Tobón Ernesto and Rodríguez-Tobón Ahiezer and León-Galván Miguel Ángel},
      title = {Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase Activity Determination in Epididymis of Corynorhinusmexicanus Bat Throughout Its Annual Cycle},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {3},
      number = {1-1},
      pages = {8-12},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.s.2015030101.12},
      abstract = {GGT initiates the degradation of both oxidized and reduced glutathione at the cell surface by cleaving the unique gamma glutamyl bond. The successive hydrolysis of oxidized or reduced CysGly by aminopeptidase or dipeptidase releases Gly, and cysteine/cysteine is recovered for intracellular synthesis of glutathione. In addition, GGT plays a major physiological role in providing cysteine to cells for GSH synthesis and protein synthesis, thereby playing a major role in antioxidant defense and normal growth. GGT is present in the epididymis, principally in caput. The catalytic activity of GGT is highest in the proximal epididymal regions and decreases toward the distal regions; participating in the epididymal sperm maturation process.In most mammals, epididymal sperm maturation takes place in a period not exceeding ten days, ending in the distal part of the corpus of the epididymis, before reaching the caudal region, which is responsible only for sperm storage; however, in C. mexicanus the epididymal sperm maturation ends in caudal epididymalregion.For this reason, the main goal of the present study was to determine the relationship between the GGT activity through the caput and caudal epididymal regions, throughout annual cycle of Corynorhinusmexicanus bat.We found that the GGT activity appears to be important for epididymal sperm maturation in C. mexicanus bat in cephalic region, and important for protection against ROS epididymal caudal region.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Gamma GlutamylTranspeptidase Activity Determination in Epididymis of Corynorhinusmexicanus Bat Throughout Its Annual Cycle
    AU  - Arenas-Ríos Edith
    AU  - Rosado Adolfo
    AU  - Rodríguez-Tobón Ernesto
    AU  - Rodríguez-Tobón Ahiezer
    AU  - León-Galván Miguel Ángel
    Y1  - 2015/02/27
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12
    T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
    SP  - 8
    EP  - 12
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5850
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.s.2015030101.12
    AB  - GGT initiates the degradation of both oxidized and reduced glutathione at the cell surface by cleaving the unique gamma glutamyl bond. The successive hydrolysis of oxidized or reduced CysGly by aminopeptidase or dipeptidase releases Gly, and cysteine/cysteine is recovered for intracellular synthesis of glutathione. In addition, GGT plays a major physiological role in providing cysteine to cells for GSH synthesis and protein synthesis, thereby playing a major role in antioxidant defense and normal growth. GGT is present in the epididymis, principally in caput. The catalytic activity of GGT is highest in the proximal epididymal regions and decreases toward the distal regions; participating in the epididymal sperm maturation process.In most mammals, epididymal sperm maturation takes place in a period not exceeding ten days, ending in the distal part of the corpus of the epididymis, before reaching the caudal region, which is responsible only for sperm storage; however, in C. mexicanus the epididymal sperm maturation ends in caudal epididymalregion.For this reason, the main goal of the present study was to determine the relationship between the GGT activity through the caput and caudal epididymal regions, throughout annual cycle of Corynorhinusmexicanus bat.We found that the GGT activity appears to be important for epididymal sperm maturation in C. mexicanus bat in cephalic region, and important for protection against ROS epididymal caudal region.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 1-1
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Biology of Reproduction, Autonomous Metropolitan University–Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa,México

  • Department of Biology of Reproduction, Autonomous Metropolitan University–Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa,México

  • Masters in Biology of Reproduction ,Autonomous Metropolitan University–Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa,México

  • PhD in Experimental Biology, Autonomous Metropolitan University–Iztapalapa, Iztapalapa,México

  • Sections