Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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The Effects of Evaporative Cooling on Heat Stressed Dairy Holstein Cows Under a Semi-Arid Environment in Riyadh Area, Saudi Arabia

Received: 07 September 2018    Accepted: 25 September 2018    Published: 24 October 2018
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Abstract

Heat stress has been identified as a major cause of lower productive and reproductive performance in animal farming. Methods for protecting livestock from heat stress were investigated during the summer months, where one six Holstein cows kept under shade only (group 1), and another six cows kept under shade with evaporative cooling (group 2). The results show that shade and water sprayers (evaporative cooling) significantly lowered ambient temperature and thus reduced the heat stress experienced by dairy cows in Saudi Arabia. Evaporative cooling plus shade, lowered ambient temperature (41.80 ± 0.74 vs. 47.40 ± 0.84°C), increased relative humidity (0.33 ± 0.01 vs. 0.24 ± 0.01) and decreased the temperature humidity index (80.24 ± 0.60 vs. 84.77 ± 0.68) when compared to shade alone. In addition, cows kept under evaporative cooling (38.4 ± 0.32°C) experienced lower rectal temperatures compared to cows under shade alone (39.53 ± 0.44°C). Cows under evaporative cooling had higher serum concentrations of triidothyronine (2.50 ± 0.90 vs. 0.75 ± 0.20 ng/ml) and thyroxine (11.94 ± 1.60 vs. 7.22 ± 1.88) than cows under shade alone. Thus, evaporative cooling can decrease the heat stress experienced by dairy cows in Saudi Arabia and limit its associated detrimental effects.

DOI 10.11648/j.avs.20180605.11
Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2018)
Page(s) 67-73
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Dairy Cows, Evaporative Cooling, Ambient Temperature, Rectal Temperature, Relative Humidity, Temperature Humidity Index, Triidothyronine, Thyroxine

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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  • APA Style

    Mohamed Jafar Al-Hassan. (2018). The Effects of Evaporative Cooling on Heat Stressed Dairy Holstein Cows Under a Semi-Arid Environment in Riyadh Area, Saudi Arabia. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 6(5), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180605.11

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    ACS Style

    Mohamed Jafar Al-Hassan. The Effects of Evaporative Cooling on Heat Stressed Dairy Holstein Cows Under a Semi-Arid Environment in Riyadh Area, Saudi Arabia. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2018, 6(5), 67-73. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180605.11

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    AMA Style

    Mohamed Jafar Al-Hassan. The Effects of Evaporative Cooling on Heat Stressed Dairy Holstein Cows Under a Semi-Arid Environment in Riyadh Area, Saudi Arabia. Anim Vet Sci. 2018;6(5):67-73. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180605.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.avs.20180605.11,
      author = {Mohamed Jafar Al-Hassan},
      title = {The Effects of Evaporative Cooling on Heat Stressed Dairy Holstein Cows Under a Semi-Arid Environment in Riyadh Area, Saudi Arabia},
      journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
      volume = {6},
      number = {5},
      pages = {67-73},
      doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20180605.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180605.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20180605.11},
      abstract = {Heat stress has been identified as a major cause of lower productive and reproductive performance in animal farming. Methods for protecting livestock from heat stress were investigated during the summer months, where one six Holstein cows kept under shade only (group 1), and another six cows kept under shade with evaporative cooling (group 2). The results show that shade and water sprayers (evaporative cooling) significantly lowered ambient temperature and thus reduced the heat stress experienced by dairy cows in Saudi Arabia. Evaporative cooling plus shade, lowered ambient temperature (41.80 ± 0.74 vs. 47.40 ± 0.84°C), increased relative humidity (0.33 ± 0.01 vs. 0.24 ± 0.01) and decreased the temperature humidity index (80.24 ± 0.60 vs. 84.77 ± 0.68) when compared to shade alone. In addition, cows kept under evaporative cooling (38.4 ± 0.32°C) experienced lower rectal temperatures compared to cows under shade alone (39.53 ± 0.44°C). Cows under evaporative cooling had higher serum concentrations of triidothyronine (2.50 ± 0.90 vs. 0.75 ± 0.20 ng/ml) and thyroxine (11.94 ± 1.60 vs. 7.22 ± 1.88) than cows under shade alone. Thus, evaporative cooling can decrease the heat stress experienced by dairy cows in Saudi Arabia and limit its associated detrimental effects.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Effects of Evaporative Cooling on Heat Stressed Dairy Holstein Cows Under a Semi-Arid Environment in Riyadh Area, Saudi Arabia
    AU  - Mohamed Jafar Al-Hassan
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    AB  - Heat stress has been identified as a major cause of lower productive and reproductive performance in animal farming. Methods for protecting livestock from heat stress were investigated during the summer months, where one six Holstein cows kept under shade only (group 1), and another six cows kept under shade with evaporative cooling (group 2). The results show that shade and water sprayers (evaporative cooling) significantly lowered ambient temperature and thus reduced the heat stress experienced by dairy cows in Saudi Arabia. Evaporative cooling plus shade, lowered ambient temperature (41.80 ± 0.74 vs. 47.40 ± 0.84°C), increased relative humidity (0.33 ± 0.01 vs. 0.24 ± 0.01) and decreased the temperature humidity index (80.24 ± 0.60 vs. 84.77 ± 0.68) when compared to shade alone. In addition, cows kept under evaporative cooling (38.4 ± 0.32°C) experienced lower rectal temperatures compared to cows under shade alone (39.53 ± 0.44°C). Cows under evaporative cooling had higher serum concentrations of triidothyronine (2.50 ± 0.90 vs. 0.75 ± 0.20 ng/ml) and thyroxine (11.94 ± 1.60 vs. 7.22 ± 1.88) than cows under shade alone. Thus, evaporative cooling can decrease the heat stress experienced by dairy cows in Saudi Arabia and limit its associated detrimental effects.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 5
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