From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses

Katia Rubio

doi:doi:10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12

| Peer-Reviewed

From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses

Katia Rubio

Published in Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 1, Issue 3)

Received: 10 October 2013 Accepted: Published: 30 October 2013

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Among the various marks that Olympic sports went through along the last century, the transformation of amateurism into professionalism was one of them. Seen, in the beginning, as one of the main Olympic movement´s pillars, amateurism was overcome by the contemporary sport´s dynamics. It became professional, changing not just the sport´s institutions but also the athletes´ careers, athletes who are the sporting spectacle´s protagonists and also the Olympic Games´ reason to be. The current work aims to present how Brazilian Olympic Athletes´ career professionalization process happened, as well as how it took place in sport´s by the end of last century. Thus, life histories narratives were used as methodology. It is observed, in such narratives, that throughout amateurism, searching for a new career was a normal condition to all athletes. Yet, professionalization did not happen as a national sport´s policy, what meant the development of some modalities, but not the development of sports as a whole.

Published in	Humanities and Social Sciences (Volume 1, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12
Page(s)	85-91
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Professionalism, Amateurism, Life Histories, Olympic Athletes

References

[1]	Gorman, D. Amateurism, Imperialism, Internationalism and the First British Empire Games, The International Journal of the History of Sport, 2010. 27 (4): p. 611-634.
[2]	Gruneau, R. ‘Amateurism’ as a Sociological Problem: Some Reflections Inspired by Eric Dunning, Sport in Society: Cultures, Commerce, Media, Politics, 2006. 9 (4): p. 559-582.
[3]	Holt, R. Amateurism and its interpretation: The social origins of British sport. Innovation,The European Journal of Social Science Research, 1992. 5 (4): p. 19-31.
[4]	Toohey, K. & Veal, A. J. The Olympic Games: a social Science perspective. 2007. Oxfordshire/Cambridge: CABI, p.: 15-16.
[5]	Hobsbawn, E. & Ranger, T. A invenção das tradições. 1997. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e terra, p. 256.
[6]	Dunning, E. A busca da excitação. 1992. Lisboa: Difel.
[7]	Rubio, K. Medalhistas olímpicos brasileiros: histórias, memórias e imaginário. 2007. São Paulo: Casa do Psicólogo.
[8]	Maguire, J., Barnard, S., Butler, K., Golding, P. ‘Celebrate humanity’ or ‘consumers?’: A critical evaluation of a brand in motion. Social Identities: Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture, 2008. 14 (1): p. 63-76.
[9]	Donnely, P. The local and global: globalization in the sociology of sport, Sports & Social Issues, 1996. 20 (3): p. 239-257, August.
[10]	Bourdieu, P. Deporte y classes sociales, in Materiales de Sociologia del Deporte. 1993. Madrid: Las Ediciones de La Piqueta.
[11]	Mariovet, S. Aspectos sociológicos do desporto. 1998 Lisboa: Livros Horizonte.
[12]	Bosi, E. O tempo vivo da memória. 2003. São Paulo: Ateliê editorial.
[13]	Bosi, E. Memória e Sociedade. 1994. São Paulo: Cia das Letras.
[14]	Hall, S. Da diáspora. Identidades e mediações culturais. 2003. Belo Horizonte/Brasília: Editora UFMG/ Representação da UNESCO no Brasil.
[15]	Hall, S. Quem precisa de identidade? In. Identidade e diferença. A perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais. 2000. Petrópolis: Vozes.
[16]	Guareschi, N. M. F., Medeiros, P. F.; Bruschi, M. E. Psicologia Social e Estudos Culturais: rompendo fronteiras na produção do conhecimento. In: N. M. F. Guareschi & M. E.Bruschi (eds) Psicologia Social nos Estudos Culturais. 2003. Petrópolis: Vozes.
[17]	Silva, T. T. A produção social da identidade e a diferença. In: T. T. Silva (ed.) Identidade e diferença: a perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais. 2000. Petrópolis: Vozes.
[18]	Rubio, K. Heróis olímpicos brasileiros. 2004. São Paulo: Zouk.
[19]	Rubio, K. Jogos Olímpicos da Era Moderna: uma proposta de periodização. Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte, 2010. 24 (1): p. 55 – 68.
[20]	Grix, J. 'The Politics of Sports Mega-events', Political Insight, 2012. 3 (1): p. 4-7, April.
[21]	Kellett, P., Hede, A-M.,Chalip, L. Social policy for sport events: Leveraging (relationships with) teams from other nations for community benefit, European Sport Management Quarterly, 2008. 8: p. 101-121.
[22]	Riordan, J. Amateurism, Sport and the Left: Amateurism for All Versus Amateur Elitism, Sport in History, 2006. 26 (3): p. 468-483.
[23]	Papanikolaou, P. The Spirit of the Olympics vs. Commercial Success: A Critical Examination of the Strategic Position of the Olympic Movement, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2012. 2 (23): p. 1-5, December.
[24]	Preuss, H. Economics of Staging the Olympics: A Comparison of the Games 1972-2008. 2004. Northampton: Edward Elgar Publishing.
[25]	Andranovich, G.; Burbank, M. J.; Heying, C. H. Olympic Cities: Lessons Learned from Mega-Event Politics, Journal of Urban Affairs, 2001. 23 (2): p. 113–131, Summer.
[26]	López, A. A. La aventura olímpica, 1992. Madrid: Campamones.
[27]	Ferrando, M. G. Los deportistas olímpicos españoles: un perfil sociológico, 1996. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Deportes.
[28]	Rubio, K., Carvalho, A. L. Areté, fair play e movimento olímpico contemporâneo. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto, 2005. 5 (3): p. 350 - 357.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Katia Rubio. (2013). From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses. Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(3), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Katia Rubio. From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2013, 1(3), 85-91. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Katia Rubio. From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses. Humanit Soc Sci. 2013;1(3):85-91. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12,
  author = {Katia Rubio},
  title = {From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {85-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20130103.12},
  abstract = {Among the various marks that Olympic sports went through along the last century, the transformation of amateurism into professionalism was one of them. Seen, in the beginning, as one of the main Olympic movement´s pillars, amateurism was overcome by the contemporary sport´s dynamics. It became professional, changing not just the sport´s institutions but also the athletes´ careers, athletes who are the sporting spectacle´s protagonists and also the Olympic Games´ reason to be. The current work aims to present how Brazilian Olympic Athletes´ career professionalization process happened, as well as how it took place in sport´s by the end of last century. Thus, life histories narratives were used as methodology. It is observed, in such narratives, that throughout amateurism, searching for a new career was a normal condition to all athletes. Yet, professionalization did not happen as a national sport´s policy, what meant the development of some modalities, but not the development of sports as a whole.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses
AU  - Katia Rubio
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 85
EP  - 91
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12
AB  - Among the various marks that Olympic sports went through along the last century, the transformation of amateurism into professionalism was one of them. Seen, in the beginning, as one of the main Olympic movement´s pillars, amateurism was overcome by the contemporary sport´s dynamics. It became professional, changing not just the sport´s institutions but also the athletes´ careers, athletes who are the sporting spectacle´s protagonists and also the Olympic Games´ reason to be. The current work aims to present how Brazilian Olympic Athletes´ career professionalization process happened, as well as how it took place in sport´s by the end of last century. Thus, life histories narratives were used as methodology. It is observed, in such narratives, that throughout amateurism, searching for a new career was a normal condition to all athletes. Yet, professionalization did not happen as a national sport´s policy, what meant the development of some modalities, but not the development of sports as a whole.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Katia Rubio

Escola de Educa??o Física e Esporte, Universidade de S?o Paulo, S?o Paulo, Brasil

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Katia Rubio. (2013). From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses. Humanities and Social Sciences, 1(3), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Katia Rubio. From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 2013, 1(3), 85-91. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Katia Rubio. From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses. Humanit Soc Sci. 2013;1(3):85-91. doi: 10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12,
  author = {Katia Rubio},
  title = {From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses},
  journal = {Humanities and Social Sciences},
  volume = {1},
  number = {3},
  pages = {85-91},
  doi = {10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.hss.20130103.12},
  abstract = {Among the various marks that Olympic sports went through along the last century, the transformation of amateurism into professionalism was one of them. Seen, in the beginning, as one of the main Olympic movement´s pillars, amateurism was overcome by the contemporary sport´s dynamics. It became professional, changing not just the sport´s institutions but also the athletes´ careers, athletes who are the sporting spectacle´s protagonists and also the Olympic Games´ reason to be. The current work aims to present how Brazilian Olympic Athletes´ career professionalization process happened, as well as how it took place in sport´s by the end of last century. Thus, life histories narratives were used as methodology. It is observed, in such narratives, that throughout amateurism, searching for a new career was a normal condition to all athletes. Yet, professionalization did not happen as a national sport´s policy, what meant the development of some modalities, but not the development of sports as a whole.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - From Amateurism to Professionalism: Sport’s Transformations by the Brazilian Olympic Athletes’ Lenses
AU  - Katia Rubio
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12
T2  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JF  - Humanities and Social Sciences
JO  - Humanities and Social Sciences
SP  - 85
EP  - 91
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8184
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.hss.20130103.12
AB  - Among the various marks that Olympic sports went through along the last century, the transformation of amateurism into professionalism was one of them. Seen, in the beginning, as one of the main Olympic movement´s pillars, amateurism was overcome by the contemporary sport´s dynamics. It became professional, changing not just the sport´s institutions but also the athletes´ careers, athletes who are the sporting spectacle´s protagonists and also the Olympic Games´ reason to be. The current work aims to present how Brazilian Olympic Athletes´ career professionalization process happened, as well as how it took place in sport´s by the end of last century. Thus, life histories narratives were used as methodology. It is observed, in such narratives, that throughout amateurism, searching for a new career was a normal condition to all athletes. Yet, professionalization did not happen as a national sport´s policy, what meant the development of some modalities, but not the development of sports as a whole.
VL  - 1
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download