| Peer-Reviewed

A Model for Enhancing the Verbal Communication Skills for Physician-Patient Communication of Medical Students at the Medical University-Sofia Based on a Needs Analysis

Received: 11 February 2019    Accepted: 23 April 2019    Published: 23 May 2019
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Enhancing future physicians’ communication skills represents a central problem of medical education. Communication experts have reached consensus on the stages of medical communication, on a key set of communication skills, and helped decisions on the communication curricula of medical schools. Adequate language techniques for physician-patient communication are proposed by the Clear writing and plain language campaign. However, a needs analysis is obligatory in planning and designing communication training for the concrete students. The present study is conducted with the medical students at the Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria. The comparative analysis of the survey results of undergraduate and graduate respondents reveals students’ growing understanding of the factors, problems and importance of physician-patient communication, increasing willingness and readiness to enhance verbal communication skills as well as a preference for the teaching methods of role play in a realistic context. To meet the medical students’ needs, a Model for enhancing the verbal communication skills of future physicians has been proposed, based on the stages of medical communication and language techniques for the communication between medical professionals and patients. The Model is assessed by experts as an adequate tool to improve future physicians’ communication skills and to help increase the quality of patient health care and patient satisfaction. The researchers recommend that the Model to enhance medical students’ verbal communication skills should be included in the communication training curriculum of the Medical University-Sofia.

Published in Education Journal (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15
Page(s) 75-88
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Verbal Communication Skills, Needs Analysis, Medical Students

References
[1] Frymoyer JW and Frymoyer NP (2002) Physician-patient communication: a lost art? J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2002 Mar-Apr; 10 (2): 95-105.
[2] Makoul G and Schofield T. Communication teaching and assessment in medical education: an international consensus statement. Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care. Patient Educ Couns 1999; 37: 191–5.
[3] Hochman O, Itzhak B, Mankuta D. and Vinker S. (2008) The relation between good communication skills on the part of the physician and patient satisfaction in a military setting. Mil Med. 2008 Sep; 173 (9): 878-81.
[4] Zolnierek KB and Dimatteo MR. (2009) Physician communication and patient adherence to treatment: a meta-analysis. Med Care. 2009 Aug; 47 (8): 826-34. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31819a5acc.
[5] Bioethics Core Curriculum. Division of Ethics of Science and Technology. Sector for Social and Human Sciences. UNESCO
[6] Boniolo G. and V. Sanchini. (2016), Ethical Counselling and Medical Decision-Making in the Era of Personalised Medicine: A Practice-Oriented Guide, Springer, 117 p.
[7] Borisov, V. (2008) Healthcare reform at a crossroads- chaos and management. 140 с.
[8] Vodenicharov, Ts. and S. Popova (2009), [Social medicine], Sofia, 237 с.
[9] Haak R1, Rosenbohm J, Koerfer A, Obliers R. and Wicht MJ. (2008) The effect of undergraduate education in communication skills: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Eur J Dent Educ. 2008 Nov; 12 (4): 213-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0579.2008.00521.x.
[10] Tanaka N1, Maruyama M, Amagai A, Saotome K, Tomikawa E, Michiyama K, Kondo S, Tanaka H, and Sato H. (2008) [Development and evaluation of communication skills learning suitable for community pharmacy]. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2008 Jan; 128 (1): 97-110.
[11] Bonvicini KA1, Perlin MJ, Bylund CL, Carroll G, Rouse RA and Goldstein MG. (2009) Impact of communication training on physician expression of empathy in patient encounters. 74. Patient Educ Couns. 2009 Apr; 75 (1): 3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2008.09.007. Epub 2008 Dec 10.
[12] Association of American Medical Colleges. (1999) Report III Contemporary Issues in Medicine: Communication in Medicine. Medical School Objectives Project October 1999.
[13] Balkanska, P. (2014), [Applied psychology in medical practice], Bulvest 2000, Sofia.
[14] Simpson M, Buckman R, Stewart M, Maguire P, Lipkin M, Novack D, et al. Doctor-patient communication: the Toronto consensus statement. Brit Med J, 1991; 303: 1385–7.
[15] The Health Professionals Core Communication Curriculum (HPCCC): Objectives for undergraduate education in health care professions. http://www.each.eu/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/HPCCC_website-tEACH.pdf
[16] Van Thiel J, Ram P and van Dalen J. MAAS-Global 2000. Netherlands: Maastricht University; 2000, http://www.hag.unimaas.nl/maas-global_2000/GB/MAASGlobal- 2000-EN.pdf.
[17] Makoul G. Essential elements of communication in medical encounters: the Kalamazoo consensus statement. Acad Med, 2001; 76: 390–3.
[18] Von Fragstein M, Silverman J, Cushing A, Quilligan S, Salisbury H and Wiskin C. UK Council for Clinical Communication Skills Teaching in Undergraduate Medical Education. UK consensus statement on the content of communication curricula in undergraduate medical education. Med Educ 2008; 42, 1100–7.
[19] Kiessling C, Dieterich A, Fabry G, Holzer H, Langewitz W, Mullinghaus M, et al. Communication and social competency in medical education in German speaking countries: the Basel consensus statement. Results of a Delphi Study. Patient Educ Couns, 2010; 81: 259–66.
[20] Council of Europe, Council for Cultural Co-operation. Education Committee. Modern Languages Division. (2001) Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment, Strasburg, Cambridge University Press, 260 p.
[21] Dudeva, B. (2009) Methodological aspects of the Lexical approach in teaching English to medical students. Sofia. St. Kliment Ohridski University Press.
[22] Bygate, M., P. Skehan and M. Swain (2001) Researching Pedagogic Tasks. Second Language Learning, Teaching and Testing. Harlow. Pearson Education Ltd.
[23] Davies, P. and E. Pearse (2000) Success in English Teaching. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
[24] Deller, Sh. and Ch. Price (2007) Teaching Other Subjects Through English. Oxford University Press.
[25] Glendinning, E. H. (2007) Professional English in Use. Medicine 1st Edition. Cambridge University Press, 176 p.
[26] Allum, V. (2012) English for Medical Purposes: Doctors, lulu.com, 266 p.
[27] Salager-Meyer F. Origin and development of English for Medical Purposes. Part I: Research on written medical discourse. Medical Writing 2014; 23 (1): 46–48.
[28] Widdowson, H. G. (2007) Discourse Analysis. Oxford. Oxford University Press.
[29] Gotti M and Salager-Meyer F. (2006) Advances in medical discourse analysis: oral and written contexts. Bern: Peter Lang.
[30] Wodak, R. (2006). Medical discourse: doctor-patient communication.In Brown, K. (Ed.), Encyclopaedia of language and linguistics. (pp. 681-688). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
[31] Hyland, K. (2004) Disciplinary Discourses. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
[32] Field, Z. (2012), How to write clearly. European Commission. Directorate-General for Translation.
[33] Matarese V. (2012), Supporting Research Writing: Roles and Challenges in Multilingual Settings, Elsevier, 330 p.
[34] Strickland, P. The European Commisssion’s Clear Writing Campaign, Clarity 65, 2011: 14-16.
[35] Directorate General for Translation. (2010), Clear writing. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/translation/publications/magazines/languagestranslation/documents/issue_01_en.pdf.
[36] Council Directive 93/13/EEC of 5 April 1993 on unfair terms in consumer contracts. 21.4.1993, Official Journal of the European Communities, L 95/29, Art.2, Art.5.
[37] Mac Aodha, M. (2016), Legal Lexicography: A Comparative Perspective. Routledge, 360 p.
[38] Mattila, H. E. S. (2013), Comparative Legal Linguistics: Language of Law, Latin and Modern Lingua Francas. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 504 p.
[39] Claire’s Clear Writing Tips, https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/clear_writing_tips_en.pdf.
[40] Directorate-General for Translation (European Commission). (2012), How to write clearly. 16 p.
[41] Hoekje B. J. and S. M. Tipton. (2011), English Language and the Medical Profession: Instructing and Assessing the Communication Skills of International Physicians, BRILL, 331 p.
[42] Hunt, D. And K. Harvey. Grammar and Doctor-Patient Communication. Published Online: 5 Nov. 2012, DOI: 10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0465.
[43] MTD Training. (2012), Advanced communication skills, 1st edition, 52 p., htpps://www.bookboon.com.
[44] Willerton R. (2015), Plain Language and Ethical Action: A Dialogic Approach to Technical Content in the 21st Century, Routledge, 222 p.
[45] European Commission. Translation and Drafting Resources, https://ec.europa.eu/info/resources-partners/translation-and-drafting-resources_en.
[46] Munby, J. (1978) Communicative Syllabus Design. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[47] Chambers, F. (1980) A re-evaluation of needs analysis. ESP Journal, 1/1, pp. 25-33.
[48] Hutchinson, T., and Waters, A. (1987) English for Specific Purposes: A learning-centered approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[49] Richterich R. (1983) Case studies in identifying language needs. Council of Europe. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
[50] Jordan, R. R. (1997) English for academic purposes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
[51] West, R. (1994) Needs analysis in language teaching. Language Teaching, 27/1, 1-19.
[52] Dudley-Evans, T., and St John, M. (1998) Developments in ESP: A multi-disciplinary approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kristina Hristova Stoyanova, Ekaterina Rumenova Hartmann, Evgeni Gospodinov Ivanov, Alexandrina Tzecomirova Vodenitcharova, Nikola Rumenov Georgiev, et al. (2019). A Model for Enhancing the Verbal Communication Skills for Physician-Patient Communication of Medical Students at the Medical University-Sofia Based on a Needs Analysis. Education Journal, 8(2), 75-88. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Kristina Hristova Stoyanova; Ekaterina Rumenova Hartmann; Evgeni Gospodinov Ivanov; Alexandrina Tzecomirova Vodenitcharova; Nikola Rumenov Georgiev, et al. A Model for Enhancing the Verbal Communication Skills for Physician-Patient Communication of Medical Students at the Medical University-Sofia Based on a Needs Analysis. Educ. J. 2019, 8(2), 75-88. doi: 10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Kristina Hristova Stoyanova, Ekaterina Rumenova Hartmann, Evgeni Gospodinov Ivanov, Alexandrina Tzecomirova Vodenitcharova, Nikola Rumenov Georgiev, et al. A Model for Enhancing the Verbal Communication Skills for Physician-Patient Communication of Medical Students at the Medical University-Sofia Based on a Needs Analysis. Educ J. 2019;8(2):75-88. doi: 10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15,
      author = {Kristina Hristova Stoyanova and Ekaterina Rumenova Hartmann and Evgeni Gospodinov Ivanov and Alexandrina Tzecomirova Vodenitcharova and Nikola Rumenov Georgiev and Bistra Dragomirova Dudeva},
      title = {A Model for Enhancing the Verbal Communication Skills for Physician-Patient Communication of Medical Students at the Medical University-Sofia Based on a Needs Analysis},
      journal = {Education Journal},
      volume = {8},
      number = {2},
      pages = {75-88},
      doi = {10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.edu.20190802.15},
      abstract = {Enhancing future physicians’ communication skills represents a central problem of medical education. Communication experts have reached consensus on the stages of medical communication, on a key set of communication skills, and helped decisions on the communication curricula of medical schools. Adequate language techniques for physician-patient communication are proposed by the Clear writing and plain language campaign. However, a needs analysis is obligatory in planning and designing communication training for the concrete students. The present study is conducted with the medical students at the Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria. The comparative analysis of the survey results of undergraduate and graduate respondents reveals students’ growing understanding of the factors, problems and importance of physician-patient communication, increasing willingness and readiness to enhance verbal communication skills as well as a preference for the teaching methods of role play in a realistic context. To meet the medical students’ needs, a Model for enhancing the verbal communication skills of future physicians has been proposed, based on the stages of medical communication and language techniques for the communication between medical professionals and patients. The Model is assessed by experts as an adequate tool to improve future physicians’ communication skills and to help increase the quality of patient health care and patient satisfaction. The researchers recommend that the Model to enhance medical students’ verbal communication skills should be included in the communication training curriculum of the Medical University-Sofia.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - A Model for Enhancing the Verbal Communication Skills for Physician-Patient Communication of Medical Students at the Medical University-Sofia Based on a Needs Analysis
    AU  - Kristina Hristova Stoyanova
    AU  - Ekaterina Rumenova Hartmann
    AU  - Evgeni Gospodinov Ivanov
    AU  - Alexandrina Tzecomirova Vodenitcharova
    AU  - Nikola Rumenov Georgiev
    AU  - Bistra Dragomirova Dudeva
    Y1  - 2019/05/23
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15
    T2  - Education Journal
    JF  - Education Journal
    JO  - Education Journal
    SP  - 75
    EP  - 88
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2327-2619
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.edu.20190802.15
    AB  - Enhancing future physicians’ communication skills represents a central problem of medical education. Communication experts have reached consensus on the stages of medical communication, on a key set of communication skills, and helped decisions on the communication curricula of medical schools. Adequate language techniques for physician-patient communication are proposed by the Clear writing and plain language campaign. However, a needs analysis is obligatory in planning and designing communication training for the concrete students. The present study is conducted with the medical students at the Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria. The comparative analysis of the survey results of undergraduate and graduate respondents reveals students’ growing understanding of the factors, problems and importance of physician-patient communication, increasing willingness and readiness to enhance verbal communication skills as well as a preference for the teaching methods of role play in a realistic context. To meet the medical students’ needs, a Model for enhancing the verbal communication skills of future physicians has been proposed, based on the stages of medical communication and language techniques for the communication between medical professionals and patients. The Model is assessed by experts as an adequate tool to improve future physicians’ communication skills and to help increase the quality of patient health care and patient satisfaction. The researchers recommend that the Model to enhance medical students’ verbal communication skills should be included in the communication training curriculum of the Medical University-Sofia.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Faculty of Public Health, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

  • Faculty of Public Health, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

  • Faculty of Public Health, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

  • Faculty of Public Health, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

  • Faculty of Public Health, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

  • Department of Language Training and Sports, Medical University-Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

  • Sections