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Hospital Ash Waste-Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete

Received: 02 March 2016    Accepted: 08 April 2016    Published: 07 June 2016
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Abstract

This work is part of the on-going research work in the Civil Engineering Department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi Nigeria. The work is on characterizing and utilization of hospital waste ash (HWA) in the production of concrete. This work is important in the light of the recent happenings in Nigeria, where cases of Ebola and Lassa fever diseases have been mentioned and most recently, the fear of the Zika disease. The need for adequate study on the data on management, handling and disposal of hospital waste, is of paramount importance to prevent relapse A study on the incineration ash was undertaken in order to assess the material’s adequacy for concrete production. The results showed that the ash contains relatively high percentage of CaO (47%), which has cementing value and thus, can be used for cement manufacture. The hydration characteristics showed it is pozzolanic in nature and the setting times values showed that HWA can be used as a retarder, especially for hot weather concreting. The ash was used as partial replacements for cement in proportions of 0 to 40% by weight of cement to make concrete cubes that were cured for periods of 3 days to 90 days. The results showed that water absorption increased with increase in the replacement levels, while the compressive strength decreased accordingly. The work was taken further by developing statistical relationships between the slump, water absorption and compressive strengths.

DOI 10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11
Published in Science Research (Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016)
Page(s) 72-78
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hospital Waste Ash, Pozzolan, Compressive Strengths, Water Absorption, Statistical Analysis

References
[1] Tsakona, M, Anagnostopoulou, E and Gidarakos, E (2007). “Hospital waste management and toxicity evaluation: A case study”. Waste Management (27), 912–920.
[2] Anita, R and Kunal (2011). “Bio-medical waste incinerator ash: A review with special focus on its characteristics, utilization and leachate analysis”. International Journal of Geology, Earth Sciences, vol. 1, (1), 48–58.
[3] Toyobo, AE, Baba, AO and Oyeniyi, AB (2012) “Appraisal of university teaching medical waste management in Nigeria: Case studies of university college hospital (UCH)) Ibadan and Obafemi Awolowo university teaching hospital (OAUTH), Ile-Ife”. Universal Journal of Education and General Studies, vol. 1, (9), 290-297.
[4] Bassey, BE, Benka-Coker, MO and Aluyi, HAS (2006) “Characterization and management of solid medical wastes in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria”. African Health Science, Vol. 6, (1), 59–63.
[5] Ogbonna DN (2011) “Characteristics and waste management practices of medical wastes in healthcare institutions in Port Harcourt, Nigeria”. Journal of Soil Science and Environmental Management Vol. 2, (5), 132-141.
[6] Taghipour H and Mosaferi M. (2008). “Characterization of medical waste from hospitals in Tabriz, Iran”. Journal of Science of Total Environment, 1527-1535.
[7] Altin S, Altin A, Elevli B and Cerit O (2002). “Determination of hospital waste composition and disposal methods: a case study”. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 12, (2), 251-253.
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[9] Lee CC, Huffman GL and Nalesnik PR (1991). “Medical waste management”. Environmental Science Technology, 25, (3), 360.
[10] Anita R and Kunal (2011). “Bio-medical waste incinerator ash: A review with special focus on its characterization, utilization and leachate analysis”. 1 (1), 48-58.
[11] Sunday M and Agbaji EB (2012). “The influence of hospital waste dumps and incinerator ash on the receiving environment”. Advances in Applied Science Research, 3, (5), 2884-2889.
[12] Genazzini C, Zerbino, R, Ronco A, Batic O and Giacco G (2003) “Hospital waste ashes in Portland cement mortars”. Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 1643–1650.
[13] Shazim AM, Muhammad AS and Muhammad BP (2011). “Utilization of hospital waste ash in concrete, Mehran University Research Journal of engineering and Technology, 22, (1), 2-8.
[14] Siddique R (2010). “Use of municipal solid waste ash in concrete”. Journal of Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 55, (2), 83-91.
[15] Pera J., Coutaz L., Ambroise J., Chababbet M (1997). “Use of incinerator bottom ash in concrete”. Cement and Concrete Research, 27, (1), 1-5.
[16] Kougemitrou I, Godelitsas A, Tsabaris C, Stathopoulos V, Papandreou A, Gamaletsos P, Economou G, Papadopoulos D (2011). “Characterisation and management of ash produced in the hospital waste incinerator of Athens, Greece”. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 187, (1-3), 421-432.
[17] Anastasiadou, K, Christopoulos K Mousios E and Gidarakos E (2011). “Solidification/stabilization of fly ash and bottom ash from medical waste incineration facility, Journal of Hazardous Materials, (93), 201–208.
[18] Filipponi P, Polettini A, Pomi R and Sirini P (2003). “Physical and mechanical properties of cement-based products containing incineration bottom ash”, Waste Management, (23), 145–156.
[19] BS EN 197-1:2011. Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements.
[20] ASTM C191-13. Standard Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle.
[21] ASTM C187-11. Standard Test Method for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement.
[22] ASTM C143/C143 M-12. Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete.
[23] ASTM C642 – 13. Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened Concrete.
[24] ASTM C192/C192M. Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory.
[25] Ontiveros JL, Kosson DS and Albert RC (1988). “Leaching characteristics and composition of residualashes from variousmunicipal incinerators. In: Wu (ed) International Conference on Physio-Chemical and Biological Detoxification of Hazardous Wastes, Technomic Publishing, New Jersey, 515–526.
[26] Jaturapitakkul C and Cheerarot R (2003). “Development of bottom ash as pozzolanic material”.
[27] Al-Rawas AA, Hago AW, Taha R and Al-Kharous K (2005). “Use of incinerator as a replacement for cement and sand in cement mortars”. Building and Environment, (40), 1261–1266.
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[29] Stephan D, Malcki D, Knofel B, Eber R and Hardtl R (1999).”Influence of Cr, Ni, and Zn on the properties of pure clinker phases, Part II, C3A and C4AF”. Cement and Concrete Resource, 29, (5), 651–657.
Author Information
  • Civil Engineering Department, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria

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    Augustine U. Elinwa. (2016). Hospital Ash Waste-Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete. Science Research, 4(3), 72-78. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11

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    Augustine U. Elinwa. Hospital Ash Waste-Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete. Sci. Res. 2016, 4(3), 72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11

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    Augustine U. Elinwa. Hospital Ash Waste-Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete. Sci Res. 2016;4(3):72-78. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11,
      author = {Augustine U. Elinwa},
      title = {Hospital Ash Waste-Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete},
      journal = {Science Research},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {72-78},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20160403.11},
      abstract = {This work is part of the on-going research work in the Civil Engineering Department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi Nigeria. The work is on characterizing and utilization of hospital waste ash (HWA) in the production of concrete. This work is important in the light of the recent happenings in Nigeria, where cases of Ebola and Lassa fever diseases have been mentioned and most recently, the fear of the Zika disease. The need for adequate study on the data on management, handling and disposal of hospital waste, is of paramount importance to prevent relapse A study on the incineration ash was undertaken in order to assess the material’s adequacy for concrete production. The results showed that the ash contains relatively high percentage of CaO (47%), which has cementing value and thus, can be used for cement manufacture. The hydration characteristics showed it is pozzolanic in nature and the setting times values showed that HWA can be used as a retarder, especially for hot weather concreting. The ash was used as partial replacements for cement in proportions of 0 to 40% by weight of cement to make concrete cubes that were cured for periods of 3 days to 90 days. The results showed that water absorption increased with increase in the replacement levels, while the compressive strength decreased accordingly. The work was taken further by developing statistical relationships between the slump, water absorption and compressive strengths.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Hospital Ash Waste-Ordinary Portland Cement Concrete
    AU  - Augustine U. Elinwa
    Y1  - 2016/06/07
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11
    T2  - Science Research
    JF  - Science Research
    JO  - Science Research
    SP  - 72
    EP  - 78
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20160403.11
    AB  - This work is part of the on-going research work in the Civil Engineering Department of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi Nigeria. The work is on characterizing and utilization of hospital waste ash (HWA) in the production of concrete. This work is important in the light of the recent happenings in Nigeria, where cases of Ebola and Lassa fever diseases have been mentioned and most recently, the fear of the Zika disease. The need for adequate study on the data on management, handling and disposal of hospital waste, is of paramount importance to prevent relapse A study on the incineration ash was undertaken in order to assess the material’s adequacy for concrete production. The results showed that the ash contains relatively high percentage of CaO (47%), which has cementing value and thus, can be used for cement manufacture. The hydration characteristics showed it is pozzolanic in nature and the setting times values showed that HWA can be used as a retarder, especially for hot weather concreting. The ash was used as partial replacements for cement in proportions of 0 to 40% by weight of cement to make concrete cubes that were cured for periods of 3 days to 90 days. The results showed that water absorption increased with increase in the replacement levels, while the compressive strength decreased accordingly. The work was taken further by developing statistical relationships between the slump, water absorption and compressive strengths.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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