Journal of Human Resource Management

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Regulations and Measurement of Human Capital Resources: The Impact of MLC in the Seafarers Control and Management Systems

Received: 20 January 2015    Accepted: 22 January 2015    Published: 28 February 2015
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Abstract

This paper aims to verify the role of the managerial control systems in the measurement of the factors that may have a negative impact on the job performance of the human resources working on board ships. More specifically, we investigate the main causes, such as social isolation, boredom, fatigue, lack of social recognition, conflicts among the member of the crews and so on, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of the seafarers’ job on board and consequently the performance of the ships. In the last years the international regulation about the work on board ships is becoming over more relevant in order to ensure the best security and welfare conditions of the workers and, more in general, of the maritime crews. In addition to the international conventions SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) and STCW (Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers), on 2006 it has been introduced the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) no. 186, adopted in Geneva on 23th Feb by the 940 session, it introduced into force on Aug 20th 2013. This Convention establishes several rules in order to ensure the acceptability between governments, ship owners and seafarers about the principles of safe and healthy work fixed in the Titles. This study, within a wider research project, aims to analyze, through a qualitative approach, on one side, the impact of the MLC on the Italian legislative context, and, on the other side, the fatigue factor in the managerial control and human resources literature. Therefore, this study focuses on the Title “health protection, medical care, welfare and social security” indicated by MLC, and thanks to the support of some shipping companies, it supplies a set of key performance indicators to measure the fatigue causes. Finally, this paper provides interesting insights on the managerial control system adoptable by the shipping companies in the recognition of the MLC.

DOI 10.11648/j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13
Published in Journal of Human Resource Management (Volume 3, Issue 2-1, April 2015)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Challenges and Opportunities in the Performance Measurement and Control Systems of Human Resources Management for the Services Industry

Page(s) 20-27
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Maritime Labour Convention, Fatigue, Managerial Control Systems

References
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[2] Legislative Decree no. 271/1999, Annex no. 1
[3] Sassi S. Il sistema dei rischi di impresa. Vallardi, Milano. Italy, 1940
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[8] Griffin, M. A., and Neal, A. “Perceptions of safety at work: A framework for linking safety climate to safety performance, knowledge and motivation”. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(3), 2000, pp. 347-358.
[9] Reyner, L., & Baulk, S. (1998). Fatigue in ferry crews: a pilot study (p. 34). Cardiff: Seafarers International Research Centre.
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[13] Lützhöft, M., Grech, M. R., & Porathe, T. (2011). Information Environment, Fatigue, and Culture in the Maritime Domain. Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics, 7(1), 280-322. doi: 10.1177/1557234x11410391
[14] Progoulaki, M., & Roe, M. (2011). Dealing with multicultural human resources in a socially responsible manner: a focus on the maritime industry. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 10(1), 7-23. doi: 10.1007/s13437-011-0003-0
[15] Sampson, H. (2013). International seafarers and transnationalism in the twenty-first century. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press.
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[17] Sampson, H., & Thomas, M. (2003b). The social isolation of seafarers: causes, effects, and remedies. International maritime health, 54(1-4), 58.
[18] Josten, E.J.C., Ng-A-Tham, J.E.E., and Thierry, H. “The effects of extended workdays on fatigue, health, performance and satisfaction in nursing”. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 44(6), pp. 643−652.
[19] Raby, M., and McCallum, M.C. “Procedures for investigation and reporting fatigue contributions to marine casualties”. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonmics Society 41st Annual meeting. 1997.
[20] National Transportation Safety Board [NTSB]. (1999). Evaluation of US Department of Transportation efforts in the 1990s to address operator fatigue. Washington DC: Author [available online at www.ntsb.gov]. 1999.
[21] Cole–Davies, V. “Fatigue, health and injury offshore: A survey”. In M. Hanson (Ed.), Contemporary Ergonomics. London: Taylor & Francis, 2001.
[22] Parker, A.W., Hubinger, L.M., Green, S., Sargent, L., and Boyd, R. “Health stress and fatigue in shipping”. Australian Maritime Safety Agency. 2002.
[23] Hetherington, C., Flin, R., and Mearns, K. “Safety in shipping: The human element”. Journal of safety research, 37(4), 2006, pp. 401-411.
[24] Rutenfrantz, J., et al. “Work at Sea: A study of sleep and circadian rhythms in physiological and psychological functions in watchkeepers on merchant vessels”. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 60, 1988, pp.331-339.
[25] Colquhoun, W.P., Rutenfranz, J., Goethe, H., Neidhart, B., Condone, R., Plett, R., and Knauth, P. “Work at sea: a study of sleep, and of circadian rhythms in physiological and psychological functions, in watchkeepers on merchant vessels”. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 60(5), 1988, pp. 321-329.
[26] Sanquist, T.F., Raby, M., Maloney, A.L., and Carvalhais, A.B. “Work Hours, sleep patterns and fatigue among merchant marine personnel”. Journal of Sleep Research, 6, 1997, pp. 245-251.
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Author Information
  • Department of Law, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy

  • Department of Sport Science and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy

  • Department of Law, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy

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    Di Vaio Assunta, Varriale Luisa, Alvino Federico. (2015). Regulations and Measurement of Human Capital Resources: The Impact of MLC in the Seafarers Control and Management Systems. Journal of Human Resource Management, 3(2-1), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13

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    ACS Style

    Di Vaio Assunta; Varriale Luisa; Alvino Federico. Regulations and Measurement of Human Capital Resources: The Impact of MLC in the Seafarers Control and Management Systems. J. Hum. Resour. Manag. 2015, 3(2-1), 20-27. doi: 10.11648/j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13

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    AMA Style

    Di Vaio Assunta, Varriale Luisa, Alvino Federico. Regulations and Measurement of Human Capital Resources: The Impact of MLC in the Seafarers Control and Management Systems. J Hum Resour Manag. 2015;3(2-1):20-27. doi: 10.11648/j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13,
      author = {Di Vaio Assunta and Varriale Luisa and Alvino Federico},
      title = {Regulations and Measurement of Human Capital Resources: The Impact of MLC in the Seafarers Control and Management Systems},
      journal = {Journal of Human Resource Management},
      volume = {3},
      number = {2-1},
      pages = {20-27},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jhrm.s.2015030201.13},
      abstract = {This paper aims to verify the role of the managerial control systems in the measurement of the factors that may have a negative impact on the job performance of the human resources working on board ships. More specifically, we investigate the main causes, such as social isolation, boredom, fatigue, lack of social recognition, conflicts among the member of the crews and so on, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of the seafarers’ job on board and consequently the performance of the ships. In the last years the international regulation about the work on board ships is becoming over more relevant in order to ensure the best security and welfare conditions of the workers and, more in general, of the maritime crews. In addition to the international conventions SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) and STCW (Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers), on 2006 it has been introduced the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) no. 186, adopted in Geneva on 23th Feb by the 940 session, it introduced into force on Aug 20th 2013. This Convention establishes several rules in order to ensure the acceptability between governments, ship owners and seafarers about the principles of safe and healthy work fixed in the Titles. This study, within a wider research project, aims to analyze, through a qualitative approach, on one side, the impact of the MLC on the Italian legislative context, and, on the other side, the fatigue factor in the managerial control and human resources literature. Therefore, this study focuses on the Title “health protection, medical care, welfare and social security” indicated by MLC, and thanks to the support of some shipping companies, it supplies a set of key performance indicators to measure the fatigue causes. Finally, this paper provides interesting insights on the managerial control system adoptable by the shipping companies in the recognition of the MLC.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    AB  - This paper aims to verify the role of the managerial control systems in the measurement of the factors that may have a negative impact on the job performance of the human resources working on board ships. More specifically, we investigate the main causes, such as social isolation, boredom, fatigue, lack of social recognition, conflicts among the member of the crews and so on, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of the seafarers’ job on board and consequently the performance of the ships. In the last years the international regulation about the work on board ships is becoming over more relevant in order to ensure the best security and welfare conditions of the workers and, more in general, of the maritime crews. In addition to the international conventions SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) and STCW (Standards of Training, Certification and Watch keeping for Seafarers), on 2006 it has been introduced the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) no. 186, adopted in Geneva on 23th Feb by the 940 session, it introduced into force on Aug 20th 2013. This Convention establishes several rules in order to ensure the acceptability between governments, ship owners and seafarers about the principles of safe and healthy work fixed in the Titles. This study, within a wider research project, aims to analyze, through a qualitative approach, on one side, the impact of the MLC on the Italian legislative context, and, on the other side, the fatigue factor in the managerial control and human resources literature. Therefore, this study focuses on the Title “health protection, medical care, welfare and social security” indicated by MLC, and thanks to the support of some shipping companies, it supplies a set of key performance indicators to measure the fatigue causes. Finally, this paper provides interesting insights on the managerial control system adoptable by the shipping companies in the recognition of the MLC.
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