Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications

Shah Shahood Alam; Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami; Tariq Aziz

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12

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Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications

Shah Shahood Alam, Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami, Tariq Aziz

Published in American Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 5)

Received: 16 October 2014 Accepted: 24 October 2014 Published: 10 November 2014

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Abstract

An unsteady, spherically symmetric, single component, diffusion controlled gas phase droplet combustion model was developed first, by solving numerically the time dependent equations of energy and species. Results indicated that flame to droplet diameter ratio (flame standoff ratio) increased throughout the droplet burning period, its value being much smaller than that of the quasi-steady case, where it assumes a large constant value. Effects of fuels on important combustion characteristics suggested that combustion parameters were influenced primarily by the fuel boiling point. Droplet mass burning rate variation was smallest for ethanol in comparison with methyl linoleate (biodiesel) and n-heptane. Also, effects of fuels on CO, NO, CO2, and H2O concentrations were determined from the point of view of getting a qualitative trend.For multicomponent spherical combustion of a heptane-dodecane droplet, it was observed that the mass fraction of heptane decreased abruptly to a minimum value as the droplet surface was approached. For a 200μm hexane-decane droplet (at its boiling point), vaporising in conditions of 1 atm and 1000K with Le_l = 10, it was observed that mixing of air and fuel vapour resulted in a higher concentration of hexane at the droplet surface at the end of droplet lifetime thereby altering the vaporisation behaviour. Other conditions remaining same, an increase in Lewis number resulted in a higher mass fraction of hexane being present at the droplet surface. A detailed multicomponent (MC) droplet vaporisation model (diffusion limit model with convection and no internal liquid circulation) was also evolved by numerically solving the transient-diffusive equations of species and energy for a 280 μm (heptane-dodecane) droplet vaporising at 1 atm and 1000 K with Re_σ=100, and Le_l= 10. The present MC model was compared with other existing models and was found to be simpler and quite accurate. The submodels developed in the present work can be implemented in spray analysis.

Published in	American Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 2, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12
Page(s)	108-126
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Single and Multi-Component Droplet Models, Numerical Technique, Simplified Approach, Different Fuels, Spray Combustion Application

References

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APA Style

Shah Shahood Alam, Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami, Tariq Aziz. (2014). Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications. American Journal of Energy Engineering, 2(5), 108-126. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12

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ACS Style

Shah Shahood Alam; Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami; Tariq Aziz. Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications. Am. J. Energy Eng. 2014, 2(5), 108-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12

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AMA Style

Shah Shahood Alam, Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami, Tariq Aziz. Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications. Am J Energy Eng. 2014;2(5):108-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12,
  author = {Shah Shahood Alam and Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami and Tariq Aziz},
  title = {Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications},
  journal = {American Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {108-126},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajee.20140205.12},
  abstract = {An unsteady, spherically symmetric, single component, diffusion controlled gas phase droplet combustion model was developed first, by solving numerically the time dependent equations of energy and species. Results indicated that flame to droplet diameter ratio (flame standoff ratio) increased throughout the droplet burning period, its value being much smaller than that of the quasi-steady case, where it assumes a large constant value. Effects of fuels on important combustion characteristics suggested that combustion parameters were influenced primarily by the fuel boiling point. Droplet mass burning rate variation was smallest for ethanol in comparison with methyl linoleate (biodiesel) and n-heptane. Also, effects of fuels on CO, NO, CO2, and H2O concentrations were determined from the point of view of getting a qualitative trend.For multicomponent spherical combustion of a heptane-dodecane droplet, it was observed that the mass fraction of heptane decreased abruptly to a minimum value as the droplet surface was approached. For a 200μm hexane-decane droplet (at its boiling point), vaporising in conditions of 1 atm and 1000K with Le_l = 10, it was observed that mixing of air and fuel vapour resulted in a higher concentration of hexane at the droplet surface at the end of droplet lifetime thereby altering the vaporisation behaviour. Other conditions remaining same, an increase in Lewis number resulted in a higher mass fraction of hexane being present at the droplet surface. A detailed multicomponent (MC) droplet vaporisation model (diffusion limit model with convection and no internal liquid circulation) was also evolved by numerically solving the transient-diffusive equations of species and energy for a 280 μm (heptane-dodecane) droplet vaporising at 1 atm and 1000 K with Re_σ=100, and Le_l= 10. The present MC model was compared with other existing models and was found to be simpler and quite accurate. The submodels developed in the present work can be implemented in spray analysis.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications
AU  - Shah Shahood Alam
AU  - Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami
AU  - Tariq Aziz
Y1  - 2014/11/10
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12
T2  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
SP  - 108
EP  - 126
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-163X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12
AB  - An unsteady, spherically symmetric, single component, diffusion controlled gas phase droplet combustion model was developed first, by solving numerically the time dependent equations of energy and species. Results indicated that flame to droplet diameter ratio (flame standoff ratio) increased throughout the droplet burning period, its value being much smaller than that of the quasi-steady case, where it assumes a large constant value. Effects of fuels on important combustion characteristics suggested that combustion parameters were influenced primarily by the fuel boiling point. Droplet mass burning rate variation was smallest for ethanol in comparison with methyl linoleate (biodiesel) and n-heptane. Also, effects of fuels on CO, NO, CO2, and H2O concentrations were determined from the point of view of getting a qualitative trend.For multicomponent spherical combustion of a heptane-dodecane droplet, it was observed that the mass fraction of heptane decreased abruptly to a minimum value as the droplet surface was approached. For a 200μm hexane-decane droplet (at its boiling point), vaporising in conditions of 1 atm and 1000K with Le_l = 10, it was observed that mixing of air and fuel vapour resulted in a higher concentration of hexane at the droplet surface at the end of droplet lifetime thereby altering the vaporisation behaviour. Other conditions remaining same, an increase in Lewis number resulted in a higher mass fraction of hexane being present at the droplet surface. A detailed multicomponent (MC) droplet vaporisation model (diffusion limit model with convection and no internal liquid circulation) was also evolved by numerically solving the transient-diffusive equations of species and energy for a 280 μm (heptane-dodecane) droplet vaporising at 1 atm and 1000 K with Re_σ=100, and Le_l= 10. The present MC model was compared with other existing models and was found to be simpler and quite accurate. The submodels developed in the present work can be implemented in spray analysis.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Shah Shahood Alam

Pollution and Combustion Engineering Lab. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, U.P. India
Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami

Pollution and Combustion Engineering Lab. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, U.P. India
Tariq Aziz

Department of Applied Mathematics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, U.P. India

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APA Style

Shah Shahood Alam, Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami, Tariq Aziz. (2014). Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications. American Journal of Energy Engineering, 2(5), 108-126. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12

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ACS Style

Shah Shahood Alam; Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami; Tariq Aziz. Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications. Am. J. Energy Eng. 2014, 2(5), 108-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12

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AMA Style

Shah Shahood Alam, Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami, Tariq Aziz. Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications. Am J Energy Eng. 2014;2(5):108-126. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12,
  author = {Shah Shahood Alam and Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami and Tariq Aziz},
  title = {Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications},
  journal = {American Journal of Energy Engineering},
  volume = {2},
  number = {5},
  pages = {108-126},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajee.20140205.12},
  abstract = {An unsteady, spherically symmetric, single component, diffusion controlled gas phase droplet combustion model was developed first, by solving numerically the time dependent equations of energy and species. Results indicated that flame to droplet diameter ratio (flame standoff ratio) increased throughout the droplet burning period, its value being much smaller than that of the quasi-steady case, where it assumes a large constant value. Effects of fuels on important combustion characteristics suggested that combustion parameters were influenced primarily by the fuel boiling point. Droplet mass burning rate variation was smallest for ethanol in comparison with methyl linoleate (biodiesel) and n-heptane. Also, effects of fuels on CO, NO, CO2, and H2O concentrations were determined from the point of view of getting a qualitative trend.For multicomponent spherical combustion of a heptane-dodecane droplet, it was observed that the mass fraction of heptane decreased abruptly to a minimum value as the droplet surface was approached. For a 200μm hexane-decane droplet (at its boiling point), vaporising in conditions of 1 atm and 1000K with Le_l = 10, it was observed that mixing of air and fuel vapour resulted in a higher concentration of hexane at the droplet surface at the end of droplet lifetime thereby altering the vaporisation behaviour. Other conditions remaining same, an increase in Lewis number resulted in a higher mass fraction of hexane being present at the droplet surface. A detailed multicomponent (MC) droplet vaporisation model (diffusion limit model with convection and no internal liquid circulation) was also evolved by numerically solving the transient-diffusive equations of species and energy for a 280 μm (heptane-dodecane) droplet vaporising at 1 atm and 1000 K with Re_σ=100, and Le_l= 10. The present MC model was compared with other existing models and was found to be simpler and quite accurate. The submodels developed in the present work can be implemented in spray analysis.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Single and Multicomponent Droplet Models for Spray Applications
AU  - Shah Shahood Alam
AU  - Ahtisham Ahmad Nizami
AU  - Tariq Aziz
Y1  - 2014/11/10
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12
T2  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JF  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
JO  - American Journal of Energy Engineering
SP  - 108
EP  - 126
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-163X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20140205.12
AB  - An unsteady, spherically symmetric, single component, diffusion controlled gas phase droplet combustion model was developed first, by solving numerically the time dependent equations of energy and species. Results indicated that flame to droplet diameter ratio (flame standoff ratio) increased throughout the droplet burning period, its value being much smaller than that of the quasi-steady case, where it assumes a large constant value. Effects of fuels on important combustion characteristics suggested that combustion parameters were influenced primarily by the fuel boiling point. Droplet mass burning rate variation was smallest for ethanol in comparison with methyl linoleate (biodiesel) and n-heptane. Also, effects of fuels on CO, NO, CO2, and H2O concentrations were determined from the point of view of getting a qualitative trend.For multicomponent spherical combustion of a heptane-dodecane droplet, it was observed that the mass fraction of heptane decreased abruptly to a minimum value as the droplet surface was approached. For a 200μm hexane-decane droplet (at its boiling point), vaporising in conditions of 1 atm and 1000K with Le_l = 10, it was observed that mixing of air and fuel vapour resulted in a higher concentration of hexane at the droplet surface at the end of droplet lifetime thereby altering the vaporisation behaviour. Other conditions remaining same, an increase in Lewis number resulted in a higher mass fraction of hexane being present at the droplet surface. A detailed multicomponent (MC) droplet vaporisation model (diffusion limit model with convection and no internal liquid circulation) was also evolved by numerically solving the transient-diffusive equations of species and energy for a 280 μm (heptane-dodecane) droplet vaporising at 1 atm and 1000 K with Re_σ=100, and Le_l= 10. The present MC model was compared with other existing models and was found to be simpler and quite accurate. The submodels developed in the present work can be implemented in spray analysis.
VL  - 2
IS  - 5
ER  -

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