Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia

Samuel Tesema; Getachew Bekele

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16

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Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia

Samuel Tesema, Getachew Bekele

Published in International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 6)

Received: 19 December 2014 Accepted: 6 January 2015 Published: 30 January 2015

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Abstract

The Somali region in Ethiopia enjoys an average wind speed of 5m/s at 10m elevation and an average daily solar radiation of 7.5kwh/m2/day. Within this perspective, a remote rural village in Somali region calledWerder district (6050'N 45030' E) can be electrified with a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system. The village is far away from the national electric grid and the electrical load density in the village is low. Extension of national grid to this village which is located 576km away from national grid is not economically feasible. Therefore, this study aims to explore techno-economic analysis of electrifying the village with hybrid renewable energy. The software HOMER was used in this study to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of various hybrid energy alternatives to the village. The economic analysis compares the levelized cost of electricity generation for the three option; wind/PV/diesel generator, diesel generator only system and national grid extension. The levelized cost focusing on the elements causing differences such as fuel price, PV modules, with battery or generator rather than the elements that are similar across the technology choices (distribution, metering, etc). The finding indicate that photovoltaic/wind/diesel generator hybrid system was feasible systems based on some important parameters such as high renewable penetration, less annual diesel consumption, less carbon dioxide emission, less unmet load, less capacity shortage and cost of energy. A thermal load (boiler) is added to the system that uses the excess power generation during the night rather than dissipating it to the dump load; which greatly improved the efficiency of the system at small cost of diesel to the boiler.

Published in	International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering (Volume 3, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16
Page(s)	331-340
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hybrid System, Homer, Grid Extension, Wind, Solar, Optimization

References

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[2]	Study on the Energy Sector in Ethiopia Sept 2008 by embassy of Japan
[3]	GelmaBoneya, “Design of a photovoltaic-wind hybrid power generation system for Ethiopian remote area”, Addis Ababa University, MSc. Thesis, 2011.
[4]	Shaahid SM, El-Amin I. “Techno-economic evaluation of off-grid hybrid photovoltaic–diesel–battery power systems for rural electrification in Saudi Arabia—a way forward for sustainable development”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2009;13(3):625–33.
[5]	Al-Karaghouli A, Kazmerski LL. “Optimization and life-cycle cost of health clinic PV system for a rural area in southern Iraq using HOMER software”, Solar Energy 2010;84(4):710–4.
[6]	Nema P, Nema RK, Rangnekar S. “A current and future state of art development of hybrid energy system using wind and PV–solar: a review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2009;13(8):2096–103.
[7]	B. Getachew, “The Study Into the Potential and Feasibility of Standalone Solar-WindHybrid Electric Energy Supply System for Application in Ethiopia”, KTH Royal Institute of Technology Doctoral Thesis, December 2009
[8]	T. Getnet, “Feasibility Study of Small Hydro/PV/Wind Hybrid System for Off-GridRural Electrification in Ethiopia,” Addis Ababa University MSc. Thesis, 2011.
[9]	A. Chukwuemeka , “Solar Radiation in Port Harcourt: Correlation with Sunshine Duration”, The Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
[10]	AAU, “Renewable Energy Resources Technology: Study of Feasible Options for Rural Electrification in Ethiopia, ” Faculty of Technology, Electrical Engineering Department, Final Report Vol. II, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2001
[11]	Bakirci, K. 2009. “Correlations for estimation of daily global solar radiation with hours of bright sunshine in Turkey”, Energy, 34, 485-501
[12]	Ampratwum D.B., Dorvlo A.S.S. 1999. “Estimation of solar radiation from the number of sunshine hours”, Applied Energy, 63,161–167
[13]	Chuah D.G.S., Lee S.L., 1981. Solar radiation estimate in Malaysia, Solar Energy, Vol. 26, pp. 33-40.
[14]	H.P. Garg and S.N. Garg, “Correlation of Monthly Average Daily Global, Diffuse andBeam Radiation with Bright Sunshine Hours,” Energy Conversion Management, vol. 25, p.p. 409-417
[15]	P.K. Veeran and S. Kumar, “Analysis of monthly average daily global radiation and monthly average sunshine duration at two tropical locations,” Renewable Energy,vol. 3,p.p. 935–939,
[16]	Y. Mulugeta and F. Drake, “Assessment of solar and wind energy resources in Ethiopia:”, Solar Energy, Vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 323-334, 1996
[17]	A.V. Ramayya, A. Tirunehe, H. Alemnew, D. Melaku, “Design Performance Simulation and assessment of an 800kW wind Turbine for Power Generation at Nazreth,” Journal of the Ethiopian Society of Mechanical engineers, vol. 6, No 2, p.p 14-24, 2007.
[18]	W. Woldeghiorgis , “Wind Energy Survey in Ethiopia, ” Journal of Solar &WindTechnology, Department of Electrical Engineering, Addis Ababa University, AddisAbaba, vol. 5, no. 4, p.p341-351, 1988.
[19]	Danish Wind Industry Association (Dec. 2008) http://www.windpower.org/en/tour/wres/index.htm
[20]	HOMER, the Optimization Model for Distributed Power: http://www.nrel.gov/homer
[21]	The path to sustainable development: Ethiopia’s Climate- Resilient Green Economy Strategy

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APA Style

Samuel Tesema, Getachew Bekele. (2015). Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia. International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 3(6), 331-340. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16

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ACS Style

Samuel Tesema; Getachew Bekele. Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia. Int. J. Energy Power Eng. 2015, 3(6), 331-340. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16

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AMA Style

Samuel Tesema, Getachew Bekele. Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia. Int J Energy Power Eng. 2015;3(6):331-340. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16,
  author = {Samuel Tesema and Getachew Bekele},
  title = {Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {331-340},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepe.20140306.16},
  abstract = {The Somali region in Ethiopia enjoys an average wind speed of 5m/s at 10m elevation and an average daily solar radiation of 7.5kwh/m2/day. Within this perspective, a remote rural village in Somali region calledWerder district (6050'N 45030' E) can be electrified with a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system. The village is far away from the national electric grid and the electrical load density in the village is low. Extension of national grid to this village which is located 576km away from national grid is not economically feasible. Therefore, this study aims to explore techno-economic analysis of electrifying the village with hybrid renewable energy. The software HOMER was used in this study to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of various hybrid energy alternatives to the village. The economic analysis compares the levelized cost of electricity generation for the three option; wind/PV/diesel generator, diesel generator only system and national grid extension. The levelized cost focusing on the elements causing differences such as fuel price, PV modules, with battery or generator rather than the elements that are similar across the technology choices (distribution, metering, etc). The finding indicate that photovoltaic/wind/diesel generator hybrid system was feasible systems based on some important parameters such as high renewable penetration, less annual diesel consumption, less carbon dioxide emission, less unmet load, less capacity shortage and cost of energy. A thermal load (boiler) is added to the system that uses the excess power generation during the night rather than dissipating it to the dump load; which greatly improved the efficiency of the system at small cost of diesel to the boiler.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia
AU  - Samuel Tesema
AU  - Getachew Bekele
Y1  - 2015/01/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
SP  - 331
EP  - 340
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-960X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16
AB  - The Somali region in Ethiopia enjoys an average wind speed of 5m/s at 10m elevation and an average daily solar radiation of 7.5kwh/m2/day. Within this perspective, a remote rural village in Somali region calledWerder district (6050'N 45030' E) can be electrified with a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system. The village is far away from the national electric grid and the electrical load density in the village is low. Extension of national grid to this village which is located 576km away from national grid is not economically feasible. Therefore, this study aims to explore techno-economic analysis of electrifying the village with hybrid renewable energy. The software HOMER was used in this study to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of various hybrid energy alternatives to the village. The economic analysis compares the levelized cost of electricity generation for the three option; wind/PV/diesel generator, diesel generator only system and national grid extension. The levelized cost focusing on the elements causing differences such as fuel price, PV modules, with battery or generator rather than the elements that are similar across the technology choices (distribution, metering, etc). The finding indicate that photovoltaic/wind/diesel generator hybrid system was feasible systems based on some important parameters such as high renewable penetration, less annual diesel consumption, less carbon dioxide emission, less unmet load, less capacity shortage and cost of energy. A thermal load (boiler) is added to the system that uses the excess power generation during the night rather than dissipating it to the dump load; which greatly improved the efficiency of the system at small cost of diesel to the boiler.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Samuel Tesema

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Getachew Bekele

School of Electrical Engineering, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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APA Style

Samuel Tesema, Getachew Bekele. (2015). Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia. International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering, 3(6), 331-340. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16

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ACS Style

Samuel Tesema; Getachew Bekele. Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia. Int. J. Energy Power Eng. 2015, 3(6), 331-340. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16

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AMA Style

Samuel Tesema, Getachew Bekele. Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia. Int J Energy Power Eng. 2015;3(6):331-340. doi: 10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16,
  author = {Samuel Tesema and Getachew Bekele},
  title = {Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia},
  journal = {International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering},
  volume = {3},
  number = {6},
  pages = {331-340},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijepe.20140306.16},
  abstract = {The Somali region in Ethiopia enjoys an average wind speed of 5m/s at 10m elevation and an average daily solar radiation of 7.5kwh/m2/day. Within this perspective, a remote rural village in Somali region calledWerder district (6050'N 45030' E) can be electrified with a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system. The village is far away from the national electric grid and the electrical load density in the village is low. Extension of national grid to this village which is located 576km away from national grid is not economically feasible. Therefore, this study aims to explore techno-economic analysis of electrifying the village with hybrid renewable energy. The software HOMER was used in this study to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of various hybrid energy alternatives to the village. The economic analysis compares the levelized cost of electricity generation for the three option; wind/PV/diesel generator, diesel generator only system and national grid extension. The levelized cost focusing on the elements causing differences such as fuel price, PV modules, with battery or generator rather than the elements that are similar across the technology choices (distribution, metering, etc). The finding indicate that photovoltaic/wind/diesel generator hybrid system was feasible systems based on some important parameters such as high renewable penetration, less annual diesel consumption, less carbon dioxide emission, less unmet load, less capacity shortage and cost of energy. A thermal load (boiler) is added to the system that uses the excess power generation during the night rather than dissipating it to the dump load; which greatly improved the efficiency of the system at small cost of diesel to the boiler.},
 year = {2015}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Resource Assessment and Optimization Study of Efficient Type Hybrid Power System for Electrification of Rural District in Ethiopia
AU  - Samuel Tesema
AU  - Getachew Bekele
Y1  - 2015/01/30
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16
T2  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JF  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
JO  - International Journal of Energy and Power Engineering
SP  - 331
EP  - 340
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2326-960X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepe.20140306.16
AB  - The Somali region in Ethiopia enjoys an average wind speed of 5m/s at 10m elevation and an average daily solar radiation of 7.5kwh/m2/day. Within this perspective, a remote rural village in Somali region calledWerder district (6050'N 45030' E) can be electrified with a stand-alone hybrid renewable energy system. The village is far away from the national electric grid and the electrical load density in the village is low. Extension of national grid to this village which is located 576km away from national grid is not economically feasible. Therefore, this study aims to explore techno-economic analysis of electrifying the village with hybrid renewable energy. The software HOMER was used in this study to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of various hybrid energy alternatives to the village. The economic analysis compares the levelized cost of electricity generation for the three option; wind/PV/diesel generator, diesel generator only system and national grid extension. The levelized cost focusing on the elements causing differences such as fuel price, PV modules, with battery or generator rather than the elements that are similar across the technology choices (distribution, metering, etc). The finding indicate that photovoltaic/wind/diesel generator hybrid system was feasible systems based on some important parameters such as high renewable penetration, less annual diesel consumption, less carbon dioxide emission, less unmet load, less capacity shortage and cost of energy. A thermal load (boiler) is added to the system that uses the excess power generation during the night rather than dissipating it to the dump load; which greatly improved the efficiency of the system at small cost of diesel to the boiler.
VL  - 3
IS  - 6
ER  -

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