American Journal of Environmental Protection

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Pollution of the Chari River in the Slaughterhouse Farcha (N'djamena) in Chad

Received: 21 December 2015    Accepted: 31 December 2015    Published: 11 January 2016
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Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of the discharge of effluents Farcha slaughterhouses pollution of the Chari River. To overcome this, water and sediment samples were taken upstream to the outlet and downstream of Farcha slaughterhouse. These samples were subjected to some physicochemical analysis. Slaughterhouse effluent showed a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ranging from 96 mg.L-1 to 100 mg.L-1; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 54 mg.L-1 to 70 mg.L-1 and the suspended solids (TSS) 64 mg.L-1 to 108 mg.L-1. The physicochemical characterization of water samples Chari gave a change in hydrogen potential (pH) between 6 to 7; a temperature ranging from 28.35°C to 28.70°C with an electric conductivity ranging from 50 μS.cm-1 to 129 μS.cm-1. The dissolved oxygen levels in water shows an appreciable oxygenation (5.02 - 7.37 mg O2.L-1). As the mineral substances, the chloride ions (Cl-) vary from 9.05 mg.L-1 to 29.25 mg.L-1; ferrous ions (Fe2+) of 0.48 mg.L-1 to 11.10 mg.L-1; sulphate ions (SO42-) of 21.50 mg.L-1 to 38 mg.L-1; phosphate ions (PO43-) of 20.45 mg/L to 84.35 mg/L; nitrate ions (NO3-) of 15 mg.L-1 to 39.50 mg.L-1. In opposite, the concentrations of nitrite (NO2-) increased from 7.45 mg.L-1 to 13 mg.L-1; that of ammonium ions (NH4+) 1.49 mg.L-1 to 4.95 mg.L-1. The concentrations of dissolved ions showed higher values in July than in September. We observed significant variations in these parameters, some of which values were in excess of the WHO standard. However; the rate of COD/BOD5 = 1.67 show that these wastewater Farcha slaughterhouses are biodegradable.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12
Published in American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 5, Issue 1, February 2016)
Page(s) 11-19
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Chari River, N'djamena, Slaughterhouse, Effluent, Physicochemical Parameters

References
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[3] Tchoroun M, Noumi G. B., Tchadanaye N. M., Dangwang D. J. M., Heavy Metals Pollution Level in Water, Fish and Sediments from the Logone River Within Moundou City (Chad), International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2015; 3 (5): 275-28.
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[6] Moctar Ismaël, Etude de la chaine de valeur de la filière cuir au Tchad, 2010.
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[8] Ngaram N., Tchadanaye N. M., Merle A., Bauteri P., Baskali-Bouregaa N, Caractérisation physicochimique des eaux du fleuve Chari au niveau de la ville de N’djaména (Tchad), Anales de l’Université de Ndjamena-Série C –N°05, 2011, 102p.
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[14] Obaidy M. J. A. H., Adel H. T., Shahad R. Z., Environmental Assessment of heavy metal distribution in sediments of Tigris River within Baghdad, International Journal of Advanced Research, 2014, 2 (8), 947–952.
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Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, University of N'djamena, N’djamena, Chad

  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon

  • Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, University of N'djamena, N’djamena, Chad; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon

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  • APA Style

    Tchadanaye New Mahamat, Noumi Guy Bertrand, Paloumi Yabe. (2016). Pollution of the Chari River in the Slaughterhouse Farcha (N'djamena) in Chad. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 5(1), 11-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12

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    ACS Style

    Tchadanaye New Mahamat; Noumi Guy Bertrand; Paloumi Yabe. Pollution of the Chari River in the Slaughterhouse Farcha (N'djamena) in Chad. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2016, 5(1), 11-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12

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    AMA Style

    Tchadanaye New Mahamat, Noumi Guy Bertrand, Paloumi Yabe. Pollution of the Chari River in the Slaughterhouse Farcha (N'djamena) in Chad. Am J Environ Prot. 2016;5(1):11-19. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12,
      author = {Tchadanaye New Mahamat and Noumi Guy Bertrand and Paloumi Yabe},
      title = {Pollution of the Chari River in the Slaughterhouse Farcha (N'djamena) in Chad},
      journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {11-19},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20160501.12},
      abstract = {This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of the discharge of effluents Farcha slaughterhouses pollution of the Chari River. To overcome this, water and sediment samples were taken upstream to the outlet and downstream of Farcha slaughterhouse. These samples were subjected to some physicochemical analysis. Slaughterhouse effluent showed a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ranging from 96 mg.L-1 to 100 mg.L-1; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 54 mg.L-1 to 70 mg.L-1 and the suspended solids (TSS) 64 mg.L-1 to 108 mg.L-1. The physicochemical characterization of water samples Chari gave a change in hydrogen potential (pH) between 6 to 7; a temperature ranging from 28.35°C to 28.70°C with an electric conductivity ranging from 50 μS.cm-1 to 129 μS.cm-1. The dissolved oxygen levels in water shows an appreciable oxygenation (5.02 - 7.37 mg O2.L-1). As the mineral substances, the chloride ions (Cl-) vary from 9.05 mg.L-1 to 29.25 mg.L-1; ferrous ions (Fe2+) of 0.48 mg.L-1 to 11.10 mg.L-1; sulphate ions (SO42-) of 21.50 mg.L-1 to 38 mg.L-1; phosphate ions (PO43-) of 20.45 mg/L to 84.35 mg/L; nitrate ions (NO3-) of 15 mg.L-1 to 39.50 mg.L-1. In opposite, the concentrations of nitrite (NO2-) increased from 7.45 mg.L-1 to 13 mg.L-1; that of ammonium ions (NH4+) 1.49 mg.L-1 to 4.95 mg.L-1. The concentrations of dissolved ions showed higher values in July than in September. We observed significant variations in these parameters, some of which values were in excess of the WHO standard. However; the rate of COD/BOD5 = 1.67 show that these wastewater Farcha slaughterhouses are biodegradable.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Pollution of the Chari River in the Slaughterhouse Farcha (N'djamena) in Chad
    AU  - Tchadanaye New Mahamat
    AU  - Noumi Guy Bertrand
    AU  - Paloumi Yabe
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12
    T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
    SP  - 11
    EP  - 19
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-5699
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20160501.12
    AB  - This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of the discharge of effluents Farcha slaughterhouses pollution of the Chari River. To overcome this, water and sediment samples were taken upstream to the outlet and downstream of Farcha slaughterhouse. These samples were subjected to some physicochemical analysis. Slaughterhouse effluent showed a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) ranging from 96 mg.L-1 to 100 mg.L-1; Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 54 mg.L-1 to 70 mg.L-1 and the suspended solids (TSS) 64 mg.L-1 to 108 mg.L-1. The physicochemical characterization of water samples Chari gave a change in hydrogen potential (pH) between 6 to 7; a temperature ranging from 28.35°C to 28.70°C with an electric conductivity ranging from 50 μS.cm-1 to 129 μS.cm-1. The dissolved oxygen levels in water shows an appreciable oxygenation (5.02 - 7.37 mg O2.L-1). As the mineral substances, the chloride ions (Cl-) vary from 9.05 mg.L-1 to 29.25 mg.L-1; ferrous ions (Fe2+) of 0.48 mg.L-1 to 11.10 mg.L-1; sulphate ions (SO42-) of 21.50 mg.L-1 to 38 mg.L-1; phosphate ions (PO43-) of 20.45 mg/L to 84.35 mg/L; nitrate ions (NO3-) of 15 mg.L-1 to 39.50 mg.L-1. In opposite, the concentrations of nitrite (NO2-) increased from 7.45 mg.L-1 to 13 mg.L-1; that of ammonium ions (NH4+) 1.49 mg.L-1 to 4.95 mg.L-1. The concentrations of dissolved ions showed higher values in July than in September. We observed significant variations in these parameters, some of which values were in excess of the WHO standard. However; the rate of COD/BOD5 = 1.67 show that these wastewater Farcha slaughterhouses are biodegradable.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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