Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan

Mohammad Amin Qureshi; Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi; Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch; Muhammad Ali Bhatti; Sarfaraz Ali Mallah; Muhammad Waseem Junejo; Rashid Ali Malukhani; Imran Ali Abbasi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11

Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan

Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch, Muhammad Ali Bhatti, Sarfaraz Ali Mallah, Muhammad Waseem Junejo, Rashid Ali Malukhani, Imran Ali Abbasi

Published in American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 4, Issue 3)

Received: 7 April 2015 Accepted: 17 April 2015 Published: 28 April 2015

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Abstract

The present study investigates heavy metal contamination of sediments of the surface drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal district Badin. The accumulation of industrial, municipal waste water, pumped saline water and agricultural runoff through left bank outfall drain (LBOD) and other linking drains in the coastal lines of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan, have disturbed the environmental ecology of the area. The heavy metal characteristics of sediments were analyzed, i.e. ionic and molecular species of Hg,Ni, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Arc GIS application was used for mapping of the studied area. The obtained results were represented by GIS based maps, with graduated colored circles. A total of 31 sediment samples were taken from drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal areas. The average results, analyzed for heavy metals, were found as Hg(mg/kg) 0.2032 ±0.173, Ni (mg/kg)1.455 ±1.449,Cd (Not Detected), Zn(mg/kg)2.789 ± 0.865, Cu(mg/kg)0.3050 ±0.3355, Fe(mg/kg)71.175±1.610, Mn (mg/kg)7.375±1.848, Co (mg/kg) 0.0548 ±0.0634,Pb(mg/kg)0.216 ± .114,Cr(mg/kg)0.7054 ±0.6949.The obtained results indicated that pollution of heavy metal concentration in surface sediments of lakes , lagoons, and drains near coastal lines of Badin Sindh, posed a serious question . The main contaminating sources in the area are LBOD and other link drains, carrier of industrial effluents of different districts. Poor infrastructure of LBOD facilitates backward flow of contaminated sea tidal water towards coastal saline lakes, also adds in sediment pollution.

Published in	American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 4, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11
Page(s)	110-119
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Heavy Metals, Sediments, Lakes, Lagoons, Badin Coastal Area, LBOD (Left Bank Outfall Drain), Kadhan Pateji Outfall Drain (KPOD), Dhoro Puran Outfall Drain (DPOD), GIS(Geographic Information System)

References

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[2]	Sekabira, K.Oryem Origa,H.Basamba, T. A. Mutumba,G. Kakudidi,E.2010. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in the urban stream sediments and its tributaries.Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 7 (3), 435-446.
[3]	Aprile, F.M. and Bouvy, M.2008. Distribution and enrichment of heavy metals in sediments at the Tapacura river basin north eastern Brazil. J. Aquat. Sci. Technol., 12(1), 1-8.
[4]	Iwuoha, G.N. Osuji, L.C. Horsfall, M. Jnr. 2012.Index Model Analysis Approach to Heavy Metal Pollution Assessment in Sediments of Nworie and Otamiri Rivers in Imo State of Nigeria. Research Journal of Chemical Sciences Vol. 2(8), 1-8.
[5]	IUCN 2006. District Vision–Badin. A Framework for Sustainable Development.
[6]	SIDA 2013. Sindh Water Sector Improvement Project-I.Regional master plan of Indus delta and coastal zone.Revival of Natural Dhoras Sindh Water. Sector Improvement Plan for Left Bank of Indus, Delta and Coastal Zone.
[7]	LBOD 2005.Review of the Performance of the Left Bank Out fall Drain Stage 1 (KPOD, DPOD, Tidal Link and Cholri Weir) Report of the World Bank International Panel of Experts South Asia Region. Agriculture and Rural Development.
[8]	EIA 2012. Environmental Impact Assessment for Exploration Activities in Badin Concession – Protected Area Final report.
[9]	Gupta, P.K. 2011. Methods in Environmental Analysis Water, Soil and Air.2nd Edition Agribios India.
[10]	Burrough, P.A. 1986. Principles of Geographic Information System for land Resources Assessment Monograph on Soils and Resources, Survey No.2. Clarendon Press, Oxford, England.
[11]	Facchinelli A. , Sacchi E. , Mallen L.,2001. Multivariate statistical and GIS-based approach to identify heavy metal sources in soils. J. Environ. Pollut.114, 313–324.
[12]	Chen C.W., Chen C.F., Dong C.D., 2012. Distribution and Accumulation of Mercury in Sediments of Kaohsiung River Mouth, Taiwan APCBEE Procedia 1 153 – 158.
[13]	OgbeibuA.E., OmoigberaleM.O., EzenwaI.M., EzizaJ.O., IgweJ.O.,2014.Using Pollution Load Index and Geoaccumulation Index for the Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution and Sediment Quality of the Benin River, Nigeria. Natural Environment, 2(1), 1-9.
[14]	LuC.X., ChengJ., 2011.Speciation of Heavy Metals in the Sediments from Different Eutrophic Lakes of China. Procedia Engineering, 18, 318-323.
[15]	ChenC.W. Chen C.F., Dong C.D. 2012.Copper Contamination in the Sediments of Salt River Mouth, Taiwan Energy Procedia, 16,901-906.

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Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch, Muhammad Ali Bhatti, Sarfaraz Ali Mallah, et al. (2015). Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 4(3), 110-119. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11

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Mohammad Amin Qureshi; Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi; Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch; Muhammad Ali Bhatti; Sarfaraz Ali Mallah, et al. Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2015, 4(3), 110-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11

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Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch, Muhammad Ali Bhatti, Sarfaraz Ali Mallah, et al. Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. Am J Environ Prot. 2015;4(3):110-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11,
  author = {Mohammad Amin Qureshi and Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi and Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch and Muhammad Ali Bhatti and Sarfaraz Ali Mallah and Muhammad Waseem Junejo and Rashid Ali Malukhani and Imran Ali Abbasi},
  title = {Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {110-119},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20150403.11},
  abstract = {The present study investigates heavy metal contamination of sediments of the surface drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal district Badin. The accumulation of industrial, municipal waste water, pumped saline water and agricultural runoff through left bank outfall drain (LBOD) and other linking drains in the coastal lines of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan, have disturbed the environmental ecology of the area. The heavy metal characteristics of sediments were analyzed, i.e. ionic and molecular species of Hg,Ni, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Arc GIS application was used for mapping of the studied area. The obtained results were represented by GIS based maps, with graduated colored circles. A total of 31 sediment samples were taken from drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal areas. The average results, analyzed for heavy metals, were found as Hg(mg/kg) 0.2032 ±0.173, Ni (mg/kg)1.455 ±1.449,Cd (Not Detected), Zn(mg/kg)2.789 ± 0.865, Cu(mg/kg)0.3050 ±0.3355, Fe(mg/kg)71.175±1.610, Mn (mg/kg)7.375±1.848, Co (mg/kg) 0.0548 ±0.0634,Pb(mg/kg)0.216 ± .114,Cr(mg/kg)0.7054 ±0.6949.The obtained results indicated that pollution of  heavy metal concentration in surface  sediments of lakes , lagoons, and drains near coastal lines of Badin Sindh, posed a serious question . The main contaminating sources in the area are LBOD and other link drains, carrier of industrial effluents of different districts. Poor infrastructure of LBOD facilitates backward flow of contaminated sea tidal water towards coastal saline lakes, also adds in sediment pollution.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan
AU  - Mohammad Amin Qureshi
AU  - Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi
AU  - Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch
AU  - Muhammad Ali Bhatti
AU  - Sarfaraz Ali Mallah
AU  - Muhammad Waseem Junejo
AU  - Rashid Ali Malukhani
AU  - Imran Ali Abbasi
Y1  - 2015/04/28
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 110
EP  - 119
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11
AB  - The present study investigates heavy metal contamination of sediments of the surface drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal district Badin. The accumulation of industrial, municipal waste water, pumped saline water and agricultural runoff through left bank outfall drain (LBOD) and other linking drains in the coastal lines of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan, have disturbed the environmental ecology of the area. The heavy metal characteristics of sediments were analyzed, i.e. ionic and molecular species of Hg,Ni, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Arc GIS application was used for mapping of the studied area. The obtained results were represented by GIS based maps, with graduated colored circles. A total of 31 sediment samples were taken from drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal areas. The average results, analyzed for heavy metals, were found as Hg(mg/kg) 0.2032 ±0.173, Ni (mg/kg)1.455 ±1.449,Cd (Not Detected), Zn(mg/kg)2.789 ± 0.865, Cu(mg/kg)0.3050 ±0.3355, Fe(mg/kg)71.175±1.610, Mn (mg/kg)7.375±1.848, Co (mg/kg) 0.0548 ±0.0634,Pb(mg/kg)0.216 ± .114,Cr(mg/kg)0.7054 ±0.6949.The obtained results indicated that pollution of  heavy metal concentration in surface  sediments of lakes , lagoons, and drains near coastal lines of Badin Sindh, posed a serious question . The main contaminating sources in the area are LBOD and other link drains, carrier of industrial effluents of different districts. Poor infrastructure of LBOD facilitates backward flow of contaminated sea tidal water towards coastal saline lakes, also adds in sediment pollution.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Mohammad Amin Qureshi

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Muhammad Ali Bhatti

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Sarfaraz Ali Mallah

M.A.Kazi Institute of Chemistry University of Sindh Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Muhammad Waseem Junejo

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Rashid Ali Malukhani

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Imran Ali Abbasi

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan

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APA Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch, Muhammad Ali Bhatti, Sarfaraz Ali Mallah, et al. (2015). Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 4(3), 110-119. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11

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ACS Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi; Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi; Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch; Muhammad Ali Bhatti; Sarfaraz Ali Mallah, et al. Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2015, 4(3), 110-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11

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AMA Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch, Muhammad Ali Bhatti, Sarfaraz Ali Mallah, et al. Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan. Am J Environ Prot. 2015;4(3):110-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11,
  author = {Mohammad Amin Qureshi and Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi and Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch and Muhammad Ali Bhatti and Sarfaraz Ali Mallah and Muhammad Waseem Junejo and Rashid Ali Malukhani and Imran Ali Abbasi},
  title = {Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan},
  journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {110-119},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20150403.11},
  abstract = {The present study investigates heavy metal contamination of sediments of the surface drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal district Badin. The accumulation of industrial, municipal waste water, pumped saline water and agricultural runoff through left bank outfall drain (LBOD) and other linking drains in the coastal lines of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan, have disturbed the environmental ecology of the area. The heavy metal characteristics of sediments were analyzed, i.e. ionic and molecular species of Hg,Ni, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Arc GIS application was used for mapping of the studied area. The obtained results were represented by GIS based maps, with graduated colored circles. A total of 31 sediment samples were taken from drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal areas. The average results, analyzed for heavy metals, were found as Hg(mg/kg) 0.2032 ±0.173, Ni (mg/kg)1.455 ±1.449,Cd (Not Detected), Zn(mg/kg)2.789 ± 0.865, Cu(mg/kg)0.3050 ±0.3355, Fe(mg/kg)71.175±1.610, Mn (mg/kg)7.375±1.848, Co (mg/kg) 0.0548 ±0.0634,Pb(mg/kg)0.216 ± .114,Cr(mg/kg)0.7054 ±0.6949.The obtained results indicated that pollution of  heavy metal concentration in surface  sediments of lakes , lagoons, and drains near coastal lines of Badin Sindh, posed a serious question . The main contaminating sources in the area are LBOD and other link drains, carrier of industrial effluents of different districts. Poor infrastructure of LBOD facilitates backward flow of contaminated sea tidal water towards coastal saline lakes, also adds in sediment pollution.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Arc GIS Based Interpretation of Surface Sediment Heavy Metals Near Coastal Area of District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan
AU  - Mohammad Amin Qureshi
AU  - Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi
AU  - Mushtaque Ahmed Baloch
AU  - Muhammad Ali Bhatti
AU  - Sarfaraz Ali Mallah
AU  - Muhammad Waseem Junejo
AU  - Rashid Ali Malukhani
AU  - Imran Ali Abbasi
Y1  - 2015/04/28
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11
T2  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JF  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
JO  - American Journal of Environmental Protection
SP  - 110
EP  - 119
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5699
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20150403.11
AB  - The present study investigates heavy metal contamination of sediments of the surface drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal district Badin. The accumulation of industrial, municipal waste water, pumped saline water and agricultural runoff through left bank outfall drain (LBOD) and other linking drains in the coastal lines of Badin, Sindh, Pakistan, have disturbed the environmental ecology of the area. The heavy metal characteristics of sediments were analyzed, i.e. ionic and molecular species of Hg,Ni, Fe, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, and Zn. Arc GIS application was used for mapping of the studied area. The obtained results were represented by GIS based maps, with graduated colored circles. A total of 31 sediment samples were taken from drains, lakes and lagoons of coastal areas. The average results, analyzed for heavy metals, were found as Hg(mg/kg) 0.2032 ±0.173, Ni (mg/kg)1.455 ±1.449,Cd (Not Detected), Zn(mg/kg)2.789 ± 0.865, Cu(mg/kg)0.3050 ±0.3355, Fe(mg/kg)71.175±1.610, Mn (mg/kg)7.375±1.848, Co (mg/kg) 0.0548 ±0.0634,Pb(mg/kg)0.216 ± .114,Cr(mg/kg)0.7054 ±0.6949.The obtained results indicated that pollution of  heavy metal concentration in surface  sediments of lakes , lagoons, and drains near coastal lines of Badin Sindh, posed a serious question . The main contaminating sources in the area are LBOD and other link drains, carrier of industrial effluents of different districts. Poor infrastructure of LBOD facilitates backward flow of contaminated sea tidal water towards coastal saline lakes, also adds in sediment pollution.
VL  - 4
IS  - 3
ER  -

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