International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis

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Assessment of the Domestic Water Profile of the Region Surrounding Al-Ghadir River, Mount Lebanon

Received: 16 August 2017    Accepted: 30 August 2017    Published: 22 September 2017
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Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO), in its Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, defines domestic water as the "water used for all usual domestic purposes including consumption, bathing and food preparation". Today, securing adequate safe drinking water and proper sanitation became a major challenge facing Lebanon. This work is a case study with objectives the assessment of the domestic water profile of the region surrounding Al-Ghadir River at Kfarshima and Al-Sahra. Samples were collected from 3 types of household water sources (Municipality water, Private wells and Water Vended Gallons) and assessed for their physiochemical and bacteriological profile. Results showed deterioration pattern in domestic water quality profile in the three water sources. The measured physiochemical and bacteriological parameters indicates the degree of deterioration of private well sources by the sea and the wastewater infiltration necessitating the enforcement of legislations associated with the use and the management of private wells, municipality water and private vending water.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11
Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2017)
Page(s) 123-127
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bacteriological Quality, Municipality Water, Well Water, Water Vended Gallons, Physiochemical Characteristics, Al-Ghadir River Region

References
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[4] Ministry of Environment—MEO. (2001). Lebanon State of the Environment Report-Water (Chap. 8).
[5] Korfali, S., & Jurdi, M. (2009). Provision of safe domestic water for the promotion and protection of public health: a case study of the city of Beirut, Lebanon. Environmental Geochemical Health, 31: 283-295.
[6] Jaber, B. (1997). Water in Lebanon: Problems and solutions. Public lecture given in the Department of Hydrology, Purdue University, Lafayette, IN, April 1997.
[7] El-Fadel, M., Maroun, R., Semerjian, S., & Harajli, H. (2003). A health-based socio-economic assessment of drinking water quality: The case of Lebanon. Management of Environmental Quality, 14(3), 353–368.
[8] Korfali, S., & Jurdi, M. (2007). Assessment of domestic water quality: Case study, Beirut, Lebanon. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 135, 241–251.
[9] Acra, A., Raffoul, Z., & Karahogopian, N. (1983). Long-term investigation of sea water infiltration and ground water quality in Greater Beirut. In MESAEP, proceedings: Second international meeting on environmental pollution in the Mediterranean region, Iraklion, Crete, 6–7 September 1983.
[10] Lababidi, H., Shatela, A., & Acra, F. (1987). The progressive salination of ground water in Beirut, Lebanon. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 30, 203–208.
[11] Acra, A., & Ayoub, G. M. (2001). Indicators of coastal groundwater quality changes induced by seawater infiltration. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 58, 761–769.
[12] Al-Safir Newspaper. (2002). Official examinations confirm water pollution. Al-Safir Newspaper, 14 February (in Arabic).
[13] Basma, S. (2004). Complementary water sources in a selected urban area in Beirut, Lebanon: Public perceptions, regulations and quality. MS thesis, Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
[14] United Nations Development Program-UNDP. (1995). Online, available at: www.undp.org.lb/programme/governece/advocacy/hdr97/chp31.pdf.
[15] Ministry of Health—MOH. (2000). Compilation of Lebanese epidemiological newsletter. Epi News 1995–2000.
[16] Mcheik, A., & Ibrik, A (2017). Bacterial contamination of water in the agricultural region near Al-Ghadir River, Mount Lebanon. To be submitted.
[17] Bennet, E. B. (1998). Public-private cooperation in the delivery of urban infrastructures services (water and waste). United Nations, Development Program-Public Private Partnerships (UNDP-PPP), Yale.
[18] United Nation—UN. (2003). Water for people, water for life. UN World Water Development Report (WWDR).
[19] WHO. (2006). Guidelines for drinking-water quality: First addendum to third edition. Volume 1 Recommendations. Geneva, Switzerland.
[20] Kjellen, M. (2000). Complementary water systems in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: The case of water vending. Water Resource Development, 16, 143–154.
[21] APHA – American Public Health Association (1998). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th edn. Washington DC: American Public Health Association.
[22] United States Environmental Protection Agency—USEPA. (2003). National primary drinking water standards, EPA 816-F-03-016. Available at www.epa.gov./safewater.
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Author Information
  • Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon

  • Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon

  • Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon

  • Environmental Health Research Lab (EHRL), Faculty of Sciences V, Lebanese University, Nabatieh, Lebanon

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  • APA Style

    Amale Mcheik, Aida Ibrik, Rawane Mehdi, Jamil Houhou. (2017). Assessment of the Domestic Water Profile of the Region Surrounding Al-Ghadir River, Mount Lebanon. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 5(5), 123-127. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11

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    ACS Style

    Amale Mcheik; Aida Ibrik; Rawane Mehdi; Jamil Houhou. Assessment of the Domestic Water Profile of the Region Surrounding Al-Ghadir River, Mount Lebanon. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2017, 5(5), 123-127. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11

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    AMA Style

    Amale Mcheik, Aida Ibrik, Rawane Mehdi, Jamil Houhou. Assessment of the Domestic Water Profile of the Region Surrounding Al-Ghadir River, Mount Lebanon. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2017;5(5):123-127. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11,
      author = {Amale Mcheik and Aida Ibrik and Rawane Mehdi and Jamil Houhou},
      title = {Assessment of the Domestic Water Profile of the Region Surrounding Al-Ghadir River, Mount Lebanon},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
      volume = {5},
      number = {5},
      pages = {123-127},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20170505.11},
      abstract = {The World Health Organization (WHO), in its Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, defines domestic water as the "water used for all usual domestic purposes including consumption, bathing and food preparation". Today, securing adequate safe drinking water and proper sanitation became a major challenge facing Lebanon. This work is a case study with objectives the assessment of the domestic water profile of the region surrounding Al-Ghadir River at Kfarshima and Al-Sahra. Samples were collected from 3 types of household water sources (Municipality water, Private wells and Water Vended Gallons) and assessed for their physiochemical and bacteriological profile. Results showed deterioration pattern in domestic water quality profile in the three water sources. The measured physiochemical and bacteriological parameters indicates the degree of deterioration of private well sources by the sea and the wastewater infiltration necessitating the enforcement of legislations associated with the use and the management of private wells, municipality water and private vending water.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of the Domestic Water Profile of the Region Surrounding Al-Ghadir River, Mount Lebanon
    AU  - Amale Mcheik
    AU  - Aida Ibrik
    AU  - Rawane Mehdi
    AU  - Jamil Houhou
    Y1  - 2017/09/22
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11
    T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
    JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
    SP  - 123
    EP  - 127
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7667
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20170505.11
    AB  - The World Health Organization (WHO), in its Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, defines domestic water as the "water used for all usual domestic purposes including consumption, bathing and food preparation". Today, securing adequate safe drinking water and proper sanitation became a major challenge facing Lebanon. This work is a case study with objectives the assessment of the domestic water profile of the region surrounding Al-Ghadir River at Kfarshima and Al-Sahra. Samples were collected from 3 types of household water sources (Municipality water, Private wells and Water Vended Gallons) and assessed for their physiochemical and bacteriological profile. Results showed deterioration pattern in domestic water quality profile in the three water sources. The measured physiochemical and bacteriological parameters indicates the degree of deterioration of private well sources by the sea and the wastewater infiltration necessitating the enforcement of legislations associated with the use and the management of private wells, municipality water and private vending water.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 5
    ER  - 

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