International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis

| Peer-Reviewed |

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt

Received: 20 July 2015    Accepted: 28 July 2015    Published: 10 August 2015
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

The quality and suitability of boreholes water quality in the Rivers State University of Science and Technology were assessed for potability and irrigation purposes by analyzing the water for physico-chemical parameters, microbial contents and irrigation indices using standard methods. The results obtained were compared with permissible limits for drinking water provided by World Health Organization and Standard Organization of Nigeria The results showed pH ranged from 4.09 - 6.77 at 26.4 - 30.3°C, Turbidity <0.01 NTU in all the samples, Electrical Conductivity 20 - 407 mS/cm, Salinity <0.01 - 0.20‰,TDS 12 - 274 mg/l, Chloride <1.0 - 12.3 mg/l, Sulphate <1.0 - 15.5 mg/l, Phosphate <0.05 - 1.9 mg/l, Nitrate 0.30 - 6.20 mg/l, Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) 2 - 8 mg/l, Total Hardness <0.1-34.6 mg/l, Calcium <0.08 - 9.2 mg/l, Magnesium <0.05 - 2.8 mg/l, Sodium <0.01 - 44.62 mg/l and Potassium <0.01 - 11.88 mg/l. The results of microbial analyses showed Total Heterotrophic Bacteria population ranged from Nil - 3000 cfu/ml, Total Coliform Bacteria 0 - 210 MPN/100ml while Faecal Coliform Bacteria were not present in all the samples. The Groundwater within the University is fresh, soft and has low pH. The water in some parts had high microbial count and therefore not suitable for drinking. The ground water in the area should be regularly monitored and treated to avoid serious pollution problems. The irrigation indices showed the water is suitable for irrigation and other purposes.

DOI 10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14
Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2015)
Page(s) 221-232
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Groundwater Quality, Physicochemical Parameters, Irrigation Indices, Microbial Population, University

References
[1] Uzochukwu, A. (2009). Sanitation Sector Status and Gap Analysis: Nigeria. In Global Sanitation Fund / Water Supply & Sanitation Collaborative Council. p 15.
[2] EFSA, (2010). European Food Safety Authority. EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition, and Allergies (NDA); Scientific opinion of dietary reference values for water. EFSA Journal. 8(3);1459.
[3] Udoessien, E. I. (2003). Basic Principles of Environmental Science Etiliew Int. Publishers, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. pp 27 - 63.
[4] Majolagbe, A. O. Kasali, A A. and Ghaniyu, L O. (2011). Quality assessment of groundwater in the vicinity of dumpsites in Ifo and Lagos, Southern Nigeria. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2 (1), pp 289-299.
[5] Redmond, W. A. (2009) [DVD] Microsoft Corporation, USA. www.scribd.com/doc/52782458 /waterpollution-and-the-law.
[6] Onyeagocha, A.C. (1980). Petrography and depositional environment of the Benin Formation. Jour. Min. Geol., Vol. 17. No. 2, pp. 147-151.
[7] Ganoulis, J. (1994). Risk Analysis of Water Pollution: Probabilities and Fuzzy Sets. VCH, Weinheim, Oxford, NY, 306 pp.
[8] Back, W (1966). Hydrochemical facies and ground-water flow patterns in northern part of Atlantic Coastal Plain. Hydrology of aquifer systems: U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 498-A, 42.
[9] Nwankwoala, H. O. and Udom, G. J. (2011). Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater in Parts of Eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria. Journal of Academic and Applied Studies, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp 33 - 58.
[10] Subramani, T., I. Elango and S.R. Damodarasamy (2005). Groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and agricultural use in chithar river basin, Tamil nadu, India. Environ. Geol. 47, 1099-1110.
[11] Nyanganji, J. K., Abdullahi, J. and Noma, I. U. S. (2011) Groundwater quality and related water borne diseases in Dass Town, Bauchi State, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Issues and Agriculture in Developing Countries, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp 133-148.
[12] Sandhyarami, N. (2009). Groundwater Pollution. buzzle.com.http://www.buzzle.com/articles/ groundwaterpollution.
[13] N.M.S. (1998). Nigerian Meteorological Services, pp. 1-10.
[14] Simpson, A. (1954). The Nigerian coal fields, the geology of parts of Onitsha, Owerri and
[15] Ideriah, T.J.K. (2003). Levels of heavy metals and physicochemical parameters in soils, leachates, water and sediments around selected municipal waste dumpsites in Port Harcourt and Environs, Nigeria. Ph.D degree thesis in Rivers State University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt, pp. 40-43.
[16] APHA (1995). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th ed. APHA-AWWA-WPCF, Washington DC.
[17] ASTM (1999). American Society for Testing & Material (International), Bar Harbor Drive, P O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA.
[18] WHO (2006) World Health Organization Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality. First Addendum to Third Edition, Vol. 1, Recommendations. Geneva.
[19] SON (2007). Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality. Lagos: Standard Organization of Nigeria.
[20] Piper, A M (1944) A graphic procedure in geochemical interpretation of water analyses. American Geophysical Union Transactions 25:914-923.
[21] Davis, S. N. and Dewest, R. J. M. (1966). Hydrology. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. London.
[22] Gerard. K. (1998). Environmental Engineering, Irwin/ McGraw-Hill Book Company, Singapore pp.456.
[23] Ming-HO, YU (2001). Environmental Toxicology, Impact of Environmental Toxicants on Living Systems. Lewis Publishers, London. pp.49, 151.
[24] Lecherallein, M.W., Welch, N.J and Smith, D.B (1996). Full- scale study of Factors related to Coliform regrowth in Drinking Water. Applied and Environmental Microbiological Journal 1 (62): p.2201.
[25] Ogundipe, S and Obinna, C (2008). “Safety of Table Water goes beyond the bottle” In: Good Health Weekly, Vanguard Newspapers Tuesday, May 20, 2008 p.42. River Basin. J. Hydrological Sciences, London.
[26] Miroslav, R. and Vladimir, N.B. (1999). Practical Environmental Analysis, Royal Society of Chemistry, U.K pp. 152, 175.
[27] Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (1970). Second Edition Vol. 21, p 693.
[28] McNeely, R. N. Nemimanis, V.P. Dwyer, (1979). Water Quality Source book. A Guide to water Quality Parameter. Inland waters Directorate, water Quality Branch, Ottawa, Canada pp.
[29] Bower, H. (1978). Groundwater Hydrology, International Student Edition. McGraw-Hill Kogakusha, Ltd. Tokyo
[30] Romero, J. C. (1970). The movement of bacteria and viruses through porous media. Ground Water 8 (2): 37-49.
[31] USDA, (1954). U.S. Department of Agriculture. Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils Handbook 60, Washington D.C.
[32] Offodili, M E (2002) Groundwater study and development in Nigeria. Mecon Geology Eng. Services Ltd. Jos; 453 pages.
[33] Richards, L. A. (1954) Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils Agric Handbook 60, USDA and IBH Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, India, pp 98-99.
Author Information
  • Institute of Pollution studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology Nkpolu Oroworukwo Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

  • Institute of Pollution studies, Rivers State University of Science and Technology Nkpolu Oroworukwo Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Tubonimi Joseph Kio Ideriah, Udonna Joseph Ikoro. (2015). Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(4), 221-232. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Tubonimi Joseph Kio Ideriah; Udonna Joseph Ikoro. Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(4), 221-232. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Tubonimi Joseph Kio Ideriah, Udonna Joseph Ikoro. Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(4):221-232. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14,
      author = {Tubonimi Joseph Kio Ideriah and Udonna Joseph Ikoro},
      title = {Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
      volume = {3},
      number = {4},
      pages = {221-232},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150304.14},
      abstract = {The quality and suitability of boreholes water quality in the Rivers State University of Science and Technology were assessed for potability and irrigation purposes by analyzing the water for physico-chemical parameters, microbial contents and irrigation indices using standard methods. The results obtained were compared with permissible limits for drinking water provided by World Health Organization and Standard Organization of Nigeria The results showed pH ranged from 4.09 - 6.77 at 26.4 - 30.3°C, Turbidity <0.01 NTU in all the samples, Electrical Conductivity 20 - 407 mS/cm, Salinity <0.01 - 0.20‰,TDS 12 - 274 mg/l, Chloride <1.0 - 12.3 mg/l, Sulphate <1.0 - 15.5 mg/l, Phosphate <0.05 - 1.9 mg/l, Nitrate 0.30 - 6.20 mg/l, Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) 2 - 8 mg/l, Total Hardness <0.1-34.6 mg/l, Calcium <0.08 - 9.2 mg/l, Magnesium <0.05 - 2.8 mg/l, Sodium <0.01 - 44.62 mg/l and Potassium <0.01 - 11.88 mg/l. The results of microbial analyses showed Total Heterotrophic Bacteria population ranged from Nil - 3000 cfu/ml, Total Coliform Bacteria 0 - 210 MPN/100ml while Faecal Coliform Bacteria were not present in all the samples. The Groundwater within the University is fresh, soft and has low pH. The water in some parts had high microbial count and therefore not suitable for drinking. The ground water in the area should be regularly monitored and treated to avoid serious pollution problems. The irrigation indices showed the water is suitable for irrigation and other purposes.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Quality Assessment of Groundwater in University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt
    AU  - Tubonimi Joseph Kio Ideriah
    AU  - Udonna Joseph Ikoro
    Y1  - 2015/08/10
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14
    T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
    JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
    SP  - 221
    EP  - 232
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2328-7667
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150304.14
    AB  - The quality and suitability of boreholes water quality in the Rivers State University of Science and Technology were assessed for potability and irrigation purposes by analyzing the water for physico-chemical parameters, microbial contents and irrigation indices using standard methods. The results obtained were compared with permissible limits for drinking water provided by World Health Organization and Standard Organization of Nigeria The results showed pH ranged from 4.09 - 6.77 at 26.4 - 30.3°C, Turbidity <0.01 NTU in all the samples, Electrical Conductivity 20 - 407 mS/cm, Salinity <0.01 - 0.20‰,TDS 12 - 274 mg/l, Chloride <1.0 - 12.3 mg/l, Sulphate <1.0 - 15.5 mg/l, Phosphate <0.05 - 1.9 mg/l, Nitrate 0.30 - 6.20 mg/l, Total Alkalinity (as CaCO3) 2 - 8 mg/l, Total Hardness <0.1-34.6 mg/l, Calcium <0.08 - 9.2 mg/l, Magnesium <0.05 - 2.8 mg/l, Sodium <0.01 - 44.62 mg/l and Potassium <0.01 - 11.88 mg/l. The results of microbial analyses showed Total Heterotrophic Bacteria population ranged from Nil - 3000 cfu/ml, Total Coliform Bacteria 0 - 210 MPN/100ml while Faecal Coliform Bacteria were not present in all the samples. The Groundwater within the University is fresh, soft and has low pH. The water in some parts had high microbial count and therefore not suitable for drinking. The ground water in the area should be regularly monitored and treated to avoid serious pollution problems. The irrigation indices showed the water is suitable for irrigation and other purposes.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections