The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study

Najm O. S. Alghazali; Rafid M. Alkhaddar; Humam A. Hadi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19

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The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study

Najm O. S. Alghazali, Rafid M. Alkhaddar, Humam A. Hadi

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 1, Issue 5)

Received: Accepted: Published: 30 October 2013

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Abstract

The operation of hydraulic structures needs the presence of a number of specialists to make decisions to instantaneous takes actions at an appropriate time through controlling, monitoring, and giving a suitable warning for any undesirable cases like increasing water level higher than the normal level, stopping of any device. One of the monitoring tool is SCADA system which can allow the water manager to continuously compare the actual hydraulic state of the system with its optimal hydraulic state, and to take appropriate corrective steps as required .The proper application of the system in irrigation districts, can lead to improved water delivery service to farm, more effective operations, and in some cases a reduction in costs (less labor, less energy). In order to demonstrate the suitability of monitoring system such as the SCADA system, it was applied at Shatt Al-Hilla situates in Hilla city, 100 Km south of Baghdad city in Iraq. It is the main channel that is branched from the left side of Euphrates River, just upstream the Hindiya Barrage. The system was applied at a33 Km reach from station (0+000) to station (33+000) and simulating the controlling of the head regulator at station (0+000). SCADA system components consisted of a computer server as a master station, interface field data devices usually RTUs, or PLCs to allow interface between field sensing devices and local control switchboxes and gate actuators, communication system to transfer collected data and appropriate standards and or custom software. The hardware architecture of SCADA system was established for this reach and the controlling of the head regulator of Shatt Al-Hilla at sta. (0+000) is simulated. The head regulator of Shatt Al-Hillawas run for three cases with six scenarios. The first case is for the daily discharges supplied to the head regulator for the year 2011, the second case is for the monthly water demanded to the head regulator (2011), and the third case is for the daily discharges that can be supplied to the head regulator for 2012 summer season .All cases and scenarios simulation produced good results except scenario (6) for the three cases because there are deficits in supplying the discharges in many days through the year, Also for case (2) there are deficits of 1.57%, 16.67%, 18.46%, and 14.04% of the total demanded discharges for Mar., Apr., June, and July respectively.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 1, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19
Page(s)	237-247
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

SCADA, PLC, Routing, HEC-RAS, Shatt Al-Hilla

References

[1]	Rijo M., DESIGN AND FIELD TUNING OF AN UPSTREAM CONTROLLED CANAL NETWORK SCADA, Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 57: 123–137, 2008.
[2]	Tony L. W., Incorporating Sharp–Crested Weirs into Irrigation SCADA Systems, USCID Conference on SCADA and Related Technologies for Irrigation District Modernization, Vancouver, Washington, 2005.
[3]	Synchrony, Trends in SCADA for Automated Water Systems, 2001, http:\\www.free_definition.com/dam.html).
[4]	Beau F. and Charles B, Practical Experience with State of the art Technologies in SCADA Systems, ITRC Paper No. P 10-004, 2009, http:\\www.itrc.org/papers/scada/scada.pdf.
[5]	James H. Graham and Sandip C. Patel, Security Considerations in SCADA Communication Protocols, Technical Report TR-ISRL-04-01, University of Louisville, 2004.
[6]	Arjun V., SCADA Systems Security, 2004, http:\\ www.InfoSecWriters.com.
[7]	SCED (Studies Center and Engineering Designs), Report about the expansion of Shatt Al-Hilla, (in Arabic), 2009.
[8]	NCS (National Communications System), Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) Systems, Technical Information Bulletin 04-1, Chantilly, Virginia, 2004, http:\\www. comtechnologies.com.
[9]	Almeida M., Figueiredo J. and Rijo M., SCADA Configuration and Control Modes Implementation on an Experimental Water Supply Canal, Lisbon, Portugal, 2002, http:\\www.canais.nuhcc.uevora.pt.
[10]	GDWRM (General Directorate of Water Resources Management), Report about the Project of control system and management of adjustment structures (Al-Hindiya Barrage), Hydrological Studies Center (in Arabic), 2012.
[11]	USBR (U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation), Water Measurement Manual, 2001.
[12]	USACE (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers), Tainter Gates in Open Channels, Hydraulic Design Criteria, Volume 2, Sheets 320-4 to 320-7, 1977.
[13]	Clark P., Canal Radial Gate Discharge Algorithms and their Use, Research Hydraulic Engineer, Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering Colorado 80225, 1983.
[14]	HEC-RAS (River Analysis System), User's Manual, Version 4.1, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Hydrologic Engineering Center, Davis, California, 2010.
[15]	Chow V.T., Maidment, D.R. and Mays, L.W., Applied Hydrology, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1988.

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Najm O. S. Alghazali, Rafid M. Alkhaddar, Humam A. Hadi. (2013). The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 1(5), 237-247. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19

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ACS Style

Najm O. S. Alghazali; Rafid M. Alkhaddar; Humam A. Hadi. The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2013, 1(5), 237-247. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19

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AMA Style

Najm O. S. Alghazali, Rafid M. Alkhaddar, Humam A. Hadi. The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2013;1(5):237-247. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19,
  author = {Najm O. S. Alghazali and Rafid M. Alkhaddar and Humam A. Hadi},
  title = {The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {1},
  number = {5},
  pages = {237-247},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20130105.19},
  abstract = {The operation of hydraulic structures needs the presence of a number of specialists to make decisions to instantaneous takes actions at an appropriate time through controlling, monitoring, and giving a suitable warning for any undesirable cases like increasing water level higher than the normal level, stopping of any device. One of the monitoring tool is SCADA system which can allow the water manager to continuously compare the actual hydraulic state of the system with its optimal hydraulic state, and to take appropriate corrective steps as required .The proper application of the system in irrigation districts, can lead to improved water delivery service to farm, more effective operations, and in some cases a reduction in costs (less labor, less energy). In order to demonstrate the suitability of monitoring system such as the SCADA system, it was applied at Shatt Al-Hilla situates in Hilla city, 100 Km south of Baghdad city in Iraq. It is the main channel that is branched from the left side of Euphrates River, just upstream the Hindiya Barrage. The system was applied at a33 Km reach from station (0+000) to station (33+000) and simulating the controlling of the head regulator at station (0+000). SCADA system components consisted of a computer server as a master station, interface field data devices usually RTUs, or PLCs to allow interface between field sensing devices and local control switchboxes and gate actuators, communication system to transfer collected data and appropriate standards and or custom software. The hardware architecture of SCADA system was established for this reach and the controlling of the head regulator of Shatt Al-Hilla at sta. (0+000) is simulated. The head regulator of Shatt Al-Hillawas run for three cases with six scenarios. The first case is for the daily discharges supplied to the head regulator for the year 2011, the second case is for the monthly water demanded to the head regulator (2011), and the third case is for the daily discharges that can be supplied to the head regulator for 2012 summer season .All cases and scenarios  simulation  produced good results  except scenario (6) for the three cases because there are deficits in supplying the discharges in many days through the year, Also for case (2) there are deficits of 1.57%, 16.67%, 18.46%, and 14.04% of the total demanded discharges for Mar., Apr., June, and July respectively.},
 year = {2013}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study
AU  - Najm O. S. Alghazali
AU  - Rafid M. Alkhaddar
AU  - Humam A. Hadi
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 237
EP  - 247
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19
AB  - The operation of hydraulic structures needs the presence of a number of specialists to make decisions to instantaneous takes actions at an appropriate time through controlling, monitoring, and giving a suitable warning for any undesirable cases like increasing water level higher than the normal level, stopping of any device. One of the monitoring tool is SCADA system which can allow the water manager to continuously compare the actual hydraulic state of the system with its optimal hydraulic state, and to take appropriate corrective steps as required .The proper application of the system in irrigation districts, can lead to improved water delivery service to farm, more effective operations, and in some cases a reduction in costs (less labor, less energy). In order to demonstrate the suitability of monitoring system such as the SCADA system, it was applied at Shatt Al-Hilla situates in Hilla city, 100 Km south of Baghdad city in Iraq. It is the main channel that is branched from the left side of Euphrates River, just upstream the Hindiya Barrage. The system was applied at a33 Km reach from station (0+000) to station (33+000) and simulating the controlling of the head regulator at station (0+000). SCADA system components consisted of a computer server as a master station, interface field data devices usually RTUs, or PLCs to allow interface between field sensing devices and local control switchboxes and gate actuators, communication system to transfer collected data and appropriate standards and or custom software. The hardware architecture of SCADA system was established for this reach and the controlling of the head regulator of Shatt Al-Hilla at sta. (0+000) is simulated. The head regulator of Shatt Al-Hillawas run for three cases with six scenarios. The first case is for the daily discharges supplied to the head regulator for the year 2011, the second case is for the monthly water demanded to the head regulator (2011), and the third case is for the daily discharges that can be supplied to the head regulator for 2012 summer season .All cases and scenarios  simulation  produced good results  except scenario (6) for the three cases because there are deficits in supplying the discharges in many days through the year, Also for case (2) there are deficits of 1.57%, 16.67%, 18.46%, and 14.04% of the total demanded discharges for Mar., Apr., June, and July respectively.
VL  - 1
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Najm O. S. Alghazali

Babylon University, Engineering of College, Civil Engineering Department, Iraq
Rafid M. Alkhaddar

Water and Environmental Engineering, Liverpool John Moores University, School of the Built Environment, UK
Humam A. Hadi

Babylon University, Engineering of College, Civil Engineering Department, Iraq

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APA Style

Najm O. S. Alghazali, Rafid M. Alkhaddar, Humam A. Hadi. (2013). The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 1(5), 237-247. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19

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ACS Style

Najm O. S. Alghazali; Rafid M. Alkhaddar; Humam A. Hadi. The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2013, 1(5), 237-247. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19

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AMA Style

Najm O. S. Alghazali, Rafid M. Alkhaddar, Humam A. Hadi. The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2013;1(5):237-247. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19,
  author = {Najm O. S. Alghazali and Rafid M. Alkhaddar and Humam A. Hadi},
  title = {The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {1},
  number = {5},
  pages = {237-247},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20130105.19},
  abstract = {The operation of hydraulic structures needs the presence of a number of specialists to make decisions to instantaneous takes actions at an appropriate time through controlling, monitoring, and giving a suitable warning for any undesirable cases like increasing water level higher than the normal level, stopping of any device. One of the monitoring tool is SCADA system which can allow the water manager to continuously compare the actual hydraulic state of the system with its optimal hydraulic state, and to take appropriate corrective steps as required .The proper application of the system in irrigation districts, can lead to improved water delivery service to farm, more effective operations, and in some cases a reduction in costs (less labor, less energy). In order to demonstrate the suitability of monitoring system such as the SCADA system, it was applied at Shatt Al-Hilla situates in Hilla city, 100 Km south of Baghdad city in Iraq. It is the main channel that is branched from the left side of Euphrates River, just upstream the Hindiya Barrage. The system was applied at a33 Km reach from station (0+000) to station (33+000) and simulating the controlling of the head regulator at station (0+000). SCADA system components consisted of a computer server as a master station, interface field data devices usually RTUs, or PLCs to allow interface between field sensing devices and local control switchboxes and gate actuators, communication system to transfer collected data and appropriate standards and or custom software. The hardware architecture of SCADA system was established for this reach and the controlling of the head regulator of Shatt Al-Hilla at sta. (0+000) is simulated. The head regulator of Shatt Al-Hillawas run for three cases with six scenarios. The first case is for the daily discharges supplied to the head regulator for the year 2011, the second case is for the monthly water demanded to the head regulator (2011), and the third case is for the daily discharges that can be supplied to the head regulator for 2012 summer season .All cases and scenarios  simulation  produced good results  except scenario (6) for the three cases because there are deficits in supplying the discharges in many days through the year, Also for case (2) there are deficits of 1.57%, 16.67%, 18.46%, and 14.04% of the total demanded discharges for Mar., Apr., June, and July respectively.},
 year = {2013}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Use of SCADA System in Water Resources Management, Management of Shatt Al-Hilla in Iraq as a Case Study
AU  - Najm O. S. Alghazali
AU  - Rafid M. Alkhaddar
AU  - Humam A. Hadi
Y1  - 2013/10/30
PY  - 2013
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 237
EP  - 247
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20130105.19
AB  - The operation of hydraulic structures needs the presence of a number of specialists to make decisions to instantaneous takes actions at an appropriate time through controlling, monitoring, and giving a suitable warning for any undesirable cases like increasing water level higher than the normal level, stopping of any device. One of the monitoring tool is SCADA system which can allow the water manager to continuously compare the actual hydraulic state of the system with its optimal hydraulic state, and to take appropriate corrective steps as required .The proper application of the system in irrigation districts, can lead to improved water delivery service to farm, more effective operations, and in some cases a reduction in costs (less labor, less energy). In order to demonstrate the suitability of monitoring system such as the SCADA system, it was applied at Shatt Al-Hilla situates in Hilla city, 100 Km south of Baghdad city in Iraq. It is the main channel that is branched from the left side of Euphrates River, just upstream the Hindiya Barrage. The system was applied at a33 Km reach from station (0+000) to station (33+000) and simulating the controlling of the head regulator at station (0+000). SCADA system components consisted of a computer server as a master station, interface field data devices usually RTUs, or PLCs to allow interface between field sensing devices and local control switchboxes and gate actuators, communication system to transfer collected data and appropriate standards and or custom software. The hardware architecture of SCADA system was established for this reach and the controlling of the head regulator of Shatt Al-Hilla at sta. (0+000) is simulated. The head regulator of Shatt Al-Hillawas run for three cases with six scenarios. The first case is for the daily discharges supplied to the head regulator for the year 2011, the second case is for the monthly water demanded to the head regulator (2011), and the third case is for the daily discharges that can be supplied to the head regulator for 2012 summer season .All cases and scenarios  simulation  produced good results  except scenario (6) for the three cases because there are deficits in supplying the discharges in many days through the year, Also for case (2) there are deficits of 1.57%, 16.67%, 18.46%, and 14.04% of the total demanded discharges for Mar., Apr., June, and July respectively.
VL  - 1
IS  - 5
ER  -

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